A life cycle carbon dioxide inventory of the Million Trees Los Angeles program

International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment

Volumn 19, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 1653-1665

  McPherson, E Gregory ^a   Kendall, Alissa ^b  

^a PACIFIC SOUTHWEST RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

^b University of California   (United States)

Author keywords

Carbon footprint; Carbon sequestration; Climate change; Life cycle inventory; Tree planting; Urban forestry; Urban trees

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; FOSSIL FUEL;

ARTICLE; BIOMASS; CARBON FOOTPRINT; CARBON SINK; COMBUSTION; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DECOMPOSITION; ENERGY CONSERVATION; EXHAUST GAS; FOSSIL ENERGY; HORTICULTURE; INTERVIEW; IRRIGATION (AGRICULTURE); LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SAMPLING; SURVIVAL RATE; TREE GROWTH; TREE PLANTING; TREE PRUNING; UNITED STATES; URBAN AREA; WASTE DISPOSAL; WOOD;

EID: 84906258943     PISSN: 09483349     EISSN: 16147502     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11367-014-0772-8     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. 2 emissions from power plants. Environ Pollut 116:119-126
2. Bratkovich SM (2001) Utilizing municipal trees: ideas from across the country. NA-TP-06-01. USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area, State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN
3. Cairns MA, Brown S, Helmer EH, Baumgardner GA (1997) Root biomass allocation in the world's upland forests. Oecologia 111:1-11
4. Chaparro L, Terradas J (2009) Ecological services of urban forest in Barcelona. Centre de Recerca Ecologica i, Aplicacions Forestals, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
5. Climate Action Reserve (2010) Urban forest project protocol, version 1.1. Climate Action Reserve, Los Angeles
6. Costello LR, Jones KS (1994) WUCOLS project - water use classification of landscape species: a guide to the water needs of landscape plants. University of California, Cooperative Extension, ANR Publications, Oakland
7. Costello LR, Jones KS (2003) Reducing infrastructure damage by tree roots: a compendium of strategies. Western Chapter, International Society of Arboriculture, Cohasset
8. Drexhage M, Colin F (2001) Estimating root system biomass from breast-height diameters. Forestry 74(5):491-497 (Pubitemid 34004165)
9. Escobedo F, Varela S, Zhao M, Wagner JE, Zipperer W (2010) Analyzing the efficacy of subtropical urban forests in offsetting carbon emissions from cities. Environ Sci Pol 13(5):362-372
10. Fahey RT, Bialecki MB, Carter DR (2013) Tree growth and resilience to extreme drought across an urban land-use gradient. Arboricult Urban For 39(6):279-285
11. Gill SE, Handley JF, Ennos AR, Pauleit S (2007) Adapting cities for climate change: the role of the green infrastructure. Built Environ 33(1):115-133 (Pubitemid 46421523)
12. Harmon ME, Silver WL, Fasth B, Chen HUA, Burke IC, Parton WJ, Hart SC, Currie WS, Lidet (2009) Long-term patterns of mass loss during the decomposition of leaf and fine root litter: an intersite comparison. Glob Chang Biol 15(5):1320-1338
13. Heisler GM (1986) Energy savings with trees. J Arboric 12(5):113-125
14. Jo HK (2002) Impacts of urban greenspace on offsetting carbon emissions for middle Korea. J Environ Manag 64(2):115-126
15. Kendall A, McPherson EG (2012) A life cycle greenhouse gas inventory of a tree production system. Int J Life Cycle Assess 17(4):444-452
16. Kovacs KF, Haight RG, Jung S, Locke DH, O'Neil-Dunne J (2013) The marginal cost of carbon abatement from planting street trees in New York City. Ecol Econ 95:1-10
17. Lefsky M, McHale M (2008) Volume estimates of trees with complex architecture from terrestrial laser scanning. J Appl Remote Sens 2(1):023519-023521
18. Leith H (1975) Modeling the primary productivity of the world. Ecol Stud 14:237-263
19. Marion W, Urban K (1995) User's Manual for TMY2s - typical meteorological years. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden
20. Markwardt LJ (1930) Comparative strength properties of woods grown in the United States. Tech. Bull. No. 158. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Washington, DC
21. McCarthy HR, Pataki D (2010) Drivers of variability in water use of native and non-native urban trees in the greater Los Angeles area. Urban Ecosyst 13:393-414
22. McPherson EG (1998) Atmospheric carbon dioxide reduction by Sacramento's urban forest. J Arboric 24(4):215-223
23. McPherson EG (2014) Monitoring Million Trees LA: tree performance during the early years and future benefits. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry
24. McPherson EG, Simpson JR (1999) Carbon dioxide reductions through urban forestry: guidelines for professional and volunteer tree planters. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-171. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany
25. McPherson EG, Simpson JR, Xiao QF, Wu CX (2011) Million trees Los Angeles canopy cover and benefit assessment. Landsc Urban Plan 99(1):40-50
26. Melillo JM, Aber JD, Linkins AE, Ricca A, Fry B, Nadelhoffer KJ (1989) Carbon and nitrogen dynamics along the decay continuum: plant litter to soil organic matter. Plant Soil 115:189-198
27. Morani A, Nowak DJ, Hirabayashi S, Calfapietra C (2011) How to select the best tree locations to enhance air pollution removal in the MillionTreesNYC initiative. Environ Pollut 159:1040-1047
28. Nowak DJ (1994) Atmospheric carbon dioxide reduction by Chicago's urban forest. In: McPherson EG, Nowak DJ, Rowntree RA (eds) Chicago's urban forest ecosystem: results of the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project. USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Radnor, pp 83-94
29. Nowak DJ, Stevens JC, Sisinni SM, Luley CJ (2002) Effects of urban tree management and species selection on atmospheric carbon dioxide. J Arboric 28(3):113-122 (Pubitemid 34735911)
30. Nowak DJ, Greenfield EJ, Hoehn RE, Lapoint E (2013) Carbon storage and sequestration by trees in urban and community areas of the United States. Environ Pollut 178:229-236
31. Nzokou P, Simons J, Weatherspoon A (2011) Wood residue processing and utilization in southeastern Michigan, U.S. Arboricult Urban For 37(1):13-18
32. Pataki DE, Carreiro MM, Cherrier J, Grulke NE, Jennings V, Pincetl S, Pouyat RV, Whitlow TH, Zipperer WC (2011) Coupling biogeochemical cycles in urban environments: ecosystem services, green solutions, and misconceptions. Front Ecol Environ 9(1):27-36
33. Peper PJ, McPherson EG, Mori SM (2001) Predictive equations for dimensions and leaf area of coastal Southern California street trees. J Arboric 27(4):169-180 (Pubitemid 34228062)
34. Pillsbury N, Reimer JL, Thompson R (1998) Tree volume equations for fifteen urban species in California. Tech. Rep. 7. Urban Forest Ecosystems Institute, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA
35. Randrup TB, McPherson EG, Costello LR (2001) A review of tree root conflicts with sidewalks, curbs, and roads. Urban Ecosyst 5:209-225
36. Roman L, Scatena FN (2011) Stree tree survival rates: meta-analysis of previous studies and application to a field survey in Philadelphia, PA, USA. Urban For Urban Green 10:269-274
37. Roy S, Byrne J, Pickering C (2012) A systematic quantitative review of urban tree benefits, costs, and assessment methods across cities in different climatic zones. Urban For Urban Green 11(4):351-363
38. Scheu S, Schauermann J (1994) Decomposition of roots and twigs: effects of wood type (beech and ash), diameter, site of exposure and macrofauna exclusion. Plant Soil 163(1):13-24 (Pubitemid 2132699)
39. Silver W, Miya R (2001) Global patterns in root decomposition: comparisons of climate and litter quality effects. Oecologia 129(3):407-419 (Pubitemid 33066007)
40. Smith AC, Bhatti JS, Chen H, Harmon ME, Arp PA (2011) Modelling above- and below-ground mass loss and N dynamics in wooden dowels (LIDET) placed across North and Central America biomes at the decadal time scale. Ecol Model 222(14):2276-2290
41. Sola J, Niunez M, Gabarrell X, Boada M, Rieradevall J (2007) Service sector metabolism: accounting for energy impacts of the Montjuic Park in Barcelona. J Ind Ecol 11(2):83-98 (Pubitemid 46743590)
42. Stone B (2012) The city and the coming climate: climate change in the places we live. Cambridge University Press, New York
43. Strohbach MW, Haase D (2012) Above-ground carbon storage by urban trees in Leipzig, Germany: analysis of patterns in a European city. Landsc Urban Plan 105(1-2):184-184
44. Strohbach MW, Arnold E, Haase D (2012) The carbon footprint of urban green space - a life cycle approach. Landsc Urban Plan 104(2):220-229
45. Summit J, McPherson EG (1998) Residential tree planting and care: a study of attitudes and behavior in Sacramento, CA. J Arboric 24(2):89-97
46. Tinus CA, LaMana M (2013) Converison efficiency and economics of urban wood utilization. Arboricult Urban For 39(1):25-30
47. US Environmental Protection Agency (2004) Median life, annual activity, and load factor values for nonroad engine emissions modeling. NR-005c. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC
48. Yang J, McBride J, Zhou J, Sun Z (2005) The urban forest in Beijing and its role in air pollution reduction. Urban For Urban Green 3:65-78
49. Young RF (2011) Planting the living city: best practices in planning green infrastructure-results from major U.S. cities. J Am Plan Assoc 77(4):368-381