Work functions of pristine and alkali-metal intercalated carbon nanotubes and bundles

Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

Volumn 65, Issue 19, 2002, Pages 1-4

  Zhao, Jijun ^a   Han, Jie ^b   Lu, Jian Ping ^a  

^a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   (United States)

^b NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84905578696     PISSN: 10980121     EISSN: 1550235X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.193401     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. R.H. Fowler and L. Nordheim, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 119, 683 (1928).
2. W.A. De Heer, A. Chatelain, and D. Ugarte, Science 270, 1179 (1995);
3. W. Zhu, C. Bower, O. Zhou, G. Kochanski, and S. Jin, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 873 (1999).
4. M. Tian, L. Chen, F. Li, R. Wang, Z. Mao, and Y. Zhang, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 3164 (1997);
5. O. Groning, O.M. Kuttel, Ch. Emmenegger, P. Groning, and L. Schlapbach, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 18, 665 (2000).
6. P.G. Collins and A. Zettl, Phys. Rev. B 55, 9391 (1997).
7. A. Wadhawan, R.E. Stallcup, and J.M. Perez, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 108 (2001).
8. H. Ago, T. Kugler, F. Cacialli, W.R. Salaneck, M.S.P. Shaffer, A.H. Windle, and R.H. Friend, J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 8116 (1999).
9. P. Chen, X. Wu, X. Sun, J. Lin, W. Ji, and K.L. Tan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2548 (1999).
10. M. Shiraishi, M. Ata, Carbon 39, 1913 (2001).
11. S. Suzuki, C. Bower, Y. Matanabe, and O. Zhou, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 4007 (2000);
12. S. Suzuki, C. Bower, T. Kiyokura, K.G. Nath, Y. Matanabe, and O. Zhou, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 114-116, 225 (2001).
13. S. Suzuki, Y. Watanabe, T. Kiyokura, K.G. Nath, T. Ogino, S. Heun, W. Zhu, C. Bower, and O. Zhou, Phys. Rev. B 63, 245418 (2001).
14. S. Suzuki, Y. Matanabe, T. Kiyokura, K. G. Nath, T. Ogino, S. Heun, W. Zhu, C. Bower, and O. Zhou (unpublished).
15. R. Gao, Z. Pan, and Z.L. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 1757 (2001).
16. G. Zhou, W. Duan, and B. Gu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 836 (2001).
17. G. Zhou, W. Duan, and B. Gu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 095504 (2001).
18. A. Maiti, J. Andzelm, N. Tanpipat, and P. von Allmen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 155502 (2001).
19. N.D. Lang and W. Kohn, Phys. Rev. B 3, 1215 (1971).
20. H.L. Skriver and N.M. Rosengaard, Phys. Rev. B 46, 7157 (1992).
21. N. W. Ashcroft and N. D. Mermin, Solid State Physics (Saunders College, Philadelphia, 1976).
22. In the (10,10) tube bundle there are two conduction electrons per unit cell, leads to the electron density (formula presented). It is substantial smaller than (formula presented) in Cs solid.
23. DMOL is a density functional theory (DFT) package based atomic basis distributed by Accelrys [B. Delley, J. Chem. Phys. 92, 508 (1990)].
24. J.P. Perdew and Y. Wang, Phys. Rev. B 45, 13 244 (1992).
25. Y. Wang and J.P. Perdew, Phys. Rev. B 43, 8911 (1991);
26. Phys. Rev. BY. WangJ.P. Perdew44,13 298 (1991).
27. H.J. Monkhorst and J.D. Pack, Phys. Rev. B 13, 5188 (1976).
28. H.B. Michaelson, J. Appl. Phys. 48, 4729 (1977).
29. J.A. Zimmerman, J.R. Eyler, S.B.H. Bach, and S.W. McElvany, J. Chem. Phys. 94, 3556 (1991).
30. R. Saito, G. Dressehaus, and M. S. Dresselhaus, Physics Properties of Carbon Nanotubes (World Scientific, New York, 1998).
31. J. Zhao, A. Buldum, J. Han, and J.P. Lu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1706 (2000).
32. P. Delaney, H.J. Choi, J. Ihm, S.G. Louie, and M.L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. B 60, 7899 (1999).
33. C. Bower, S. Suzuki, K. Tanigaki, and O. Zhou, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 67, 47 (1998);
34. S. Suzuki, C. Bower, and O. Zhou, Chem. Phys. Lett. 285, 230 (1998).
35. R.S. Lee, H.J. Kim, J.E. Fischer, A. Thess, and R.E. Smalley, Nature (London) 388, 255 (1997).
36. R.S. Lee, H.J. Kim, J.E. Fischer, J. Lefebvre, M. Radosavljevic, J. Hone, and A.T. Johnson, Phys. Rev. B 61, 4526 (2000).
37. A.M. Rao, P.C. Eklund, S. Bandow, A. Thess, and R.E. Smalley, Nature (London) 388, 257 (1997).
38. R. Jacquemin, S. Kazaoui, D. Yu, A. Hassanien, N. Minami, H. Kataura, and Y. Achiba, Synth. Met. 115, 283 (2000);
39. Synth. Met.N. Minami, S. Kazaoui, R. Jacquemin, H. Yamawaki, K. Aoki, H. Kataura, and Y. Achiba, 116, 405 (2001).
40. J. Kong, C. Zhou, E. Yenilmez, and H. Dia, Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 3977 (2000);
41. V. Derycke, R. Martel, J. Appenzeller, and Ph. Avouris, Nano Lett. 1, 454 (2001).
42. M.S. Dresselhaus and G. Dresselhaus, Adv. Phys. 30, 139 (1981).
43. C. Bower, A. Kleinhammes, Y. Wu, and O. Zhou, Chem. Phys. Lett. 288, 481 (1998).
44. L. Osterlund, D.V. Chakarov, and B. Kasemo, Surf. Sci. 420, 174 (1999).
45. W.Yue (private communication).