Carbon corrosion induced by membrane failure: The weak link of PEMFC long-term performance

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Volumn 39, Issue 36, 2014, Pages 21902-21914

  Dubau, Laetitia ^a   Castanheira, Luis ^a   Chatenet, Marian ^a,d   Maillard, Frédéric ^a   Dillet, Jérôme ^b   Maranzana, Gaël ^b   Abbou, Sofyane ^b   Lottin, Olivier ^b   De Moor, Gilles ^a   El Kaddouri, Assma ^a   Bas, Corine ^a   Flandin, Lionel ^a   Rossinot, Elisabeth ^c   Caqué, Nicolas ^c  

^a LEPMI   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE   (France)

^c Axane   (France)

^d French University Institute (IUF)   (France)

Author keywords

Heterogeneities of ageing; Membrane degradation mechanisms; PEMFC segmented cell; Perfluorosulfonated ionomer; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC); Pt C electrocatalyst degradation mechanisms

Indexed keywords

CARBON; CORROSION; DEGRADATION; ELECTROCATALYSTS; ELECTRODES; FAILURE (MECHANICAL); FUEL CELLS; HYDROGEN; MEMBRANES;

DEGRADATION MECHANISM; HETEROGENEITIES OF AGEING; MEMBRANE DEGRADATION; PERFLUOROSULFONATED IONOMERS; SEGMENTED CELL;

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS (PEMFC);

EID: 84905532718     PISSN: 03603199     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.07.099     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Ghoniem, A.F., Needs, resources and climate change: clean and efficient conversion technologies. Prog Energy Combust Sci 37 (2011), 15–51.
2. De Moor, G., Bas, C., Charvin, N., Moukheiber, E., Niepceron, F., Breilly, N., et al. Understanding membrane failure in PEMFC: comparison of diagnostic tools at different observation scales. Fuel Cells 12 (2012), 356–364.
3. Dubau, L., Castanheira, L., Maillard, F., Chatenet, M., Lottin, O., Maranzana, G., et al. A review of PEM fuel cell durability: materials degradation, local heterogeneities of aging and possible mitigation strategies. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Energy Environ, 3, 2014, 10.1002/wene.113 [in press].
4. Moukheiber, E., Bas, C., Flandin, L., Understanding the formation of pinholes in PFSA membranes with the essential work of fracture (EWF). Int J Hydrogen Energy 39 (2014), 2717–2723.
5. Ferreira, P.J., Shao-Horn, Y., Formation mechanism of Pt single-crystal nanoparticles in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Electrochem Solid State Lett 10 (2007), B60–B63.
6. Guilminot, E., Corcella, A., Charlot, F., Maillard, F., Chatenet, M., Detection of Ptz+ ions and Pt nanoparticles inside the membrane of a used PEMFC. J Electrochem Soc 154 (2007), B96–B105.
7. Chatenet, M., Guilminot, E., Iojoiu, C., Sanchez, J.-Y., Rossinot, E., Maillard, F., Pt redistribution within PEMFC MEAs and its consequence on their performances. ECS Trans 11 (2007), 1203–1214.
8. Shao-Horn, Y., Sheng, W., Chen, S., Ferreira, P., Holby, E., Morgan, D., Instability of supported platinum nanoparticles in low-temperature fuel cells. Top Catal 46 (2007), 285–305.
9. de Bruijn, F.A., Dam, V.A.T., Janssen, G.J.M., Durability and degradation issues of PEM fuel cell components. Fuel Cells 8 (2008), 3–22.
10. Ferreira, P.J., la O', G.J., Shao-Horn, Y., Morgan, D., Makharia, R., Kocha, S., et al. Instability of Pt/C electrocatalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells – a mechanistic investigation. J Electrochem Soc 152 (2005), A2256–A2271.
11. Dubau, L., Durst, J., Guétaz, L., Maillard, F., Chatenet, M., André, J., et al. Heterogeneities of aging through-the-plane of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cathode. ECS Trans 41 (2011), 827–836.
12. Dubau, L., Durst, J., Guétaz, L., Maillard, F., Chatenet, M., André, J., et al. Evidences of through-plane heterogeneities of ageing in a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell. ECS Electrochem Lett 1 (2012), F13–F15.
13. Dubau, L., Durst, J., Maillard, F., Chatenet, M., Guétaz, L., André, J., et al. Heterogeneities of aging within a PEMFC MEA. Fuel Cells 12 (2012), 188–198.
14. Durst, J., Lamibrac, A., Charlot, F., Dillet, J., Castanheira, L.F., Maranzana, G., et al. Degradation heterogeneities induced by repetitive start/stop events in proton exchange membrane fuel cell: inlet vs. outlet and channel vs. land. Appl Catal B 138–139 (2013), 416–426.
15. Dillet, J., Spernjak, D., Lamibrac, A., Maranzana, G., Mukundan, R., Fairweather, J., et al. Impact of flow rates and electrode specifications on degradations during repeated startups and shutdowns in polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 250 (2014), 68–79.
16. Lamibrac, A., Maranzana, G., Lottin, O., Dillet, J., Mainka, J., Didierjean, S., et al. Experimental characterization of internal currents during the start-up of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. J Power Sources 196 (2011), 9451–9458.
17. Didierjean, S., Lamibrac, A., Geneston, T., Rakotondrainibe, A., Maranzana, G., Rozier, E., et al. Internal currents in response to a load change during fuel cell start-up. Int J Hydrogen Energy 37 (2012), 6798–6807.
18. Gasteiger, H.A., Kocha, S.S., Sompalli, B., Wagner, F.T., Activity benchmarks and requirements for Pt, Pt-alloy, and non-Pt oxygen reduction catalysts for PEMFCs. Appl Catal B 56 (2005), 9–35.
19. Gasteiger, H.A., Panels, J.E., Yan, S.G., Dependence of PEM fuel cell performance on catalyst loading. J Power Sources 127 (2004), 162–171.
20. Billy, E., Maillard, F., Morin, A., Guétaz, L., Emmieux, F., Thurier, C., et al. Impact of ultra-low Pt loadings on the performance of anode/cathode in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. J Power Sources 195 (2010), 2737–2746.
21. Gallagher, K., Darling, R., Fuller, T., Carbon-support corrosion mechanisms and models. Handbook of fuel cells – fundamentals, technology and applications. 2009, 6.
22. Liu, Z.Y., Brady, B.K., Carter, R.N., Litteer, B., Budinski, M., Hyun, J.K., et al. Characterization of carbon corrosion-induced structural damage of PEM fuel cell cathode electrodes caused by local fuel starvation. J Electrochem Soc 155 (2008), B979–B984.
23. Legrini, O., Oliveros, E., Braun, A.M., Photochemical processes for water-treatment. Chem Rev 93 (1993), 671–698.
24. Antoine, O., Durand, R., RRDE study of oxygen reduction on Pt nanoparticles inside Nafion: H2O2 production in PEMFC cathode conditions. J Appl Electrochem 30 (2000), 839–844.
25. Castanheira, L., Dubau, L., Mermoux, M., Berthomé, G., Caqué, N., Rossinot, E., et al. Carbon corrosion in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells: from model experiments to real-life operation in membrane electrode assemblies. ACS Catal 4 (2014), 2258–2267.
26. Knight, D.S., White, W.B., Characterization of diamond films by Raman spectroscopy. J Mater Res 4 (1989), 385–393.
27. Pimenta, M.A., Dresselhaus, G., Dresselhaus, M.S., Cançado, L.G., Jorio, A., Saito, R., Studying disorder in graphite-based systems by Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 9 (2007), 1276–1291.
28. Hara, M., Lee, M., Liu, C.-H., Chen, B.-H., Yamashita, Y., Uchida, M., et al. Electrochemical and Raman spectroscopic evaluation of Pt/graphitized carbon black catalyst durability for the start/stop operating condition of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 70 (2012), 171–181.
29. Hiramitsu, Y., Sato, H., Hosomi, H., Aoki, Y., Harada, T., Sakiyama, Y., et al. Influence of humidification on deterioration of gas diffusivity in catalyst layer on polymer electrolyte fuel cell. J Power Sources 195 (2010), 435–444.
30. Sze, S.K., Siddique, N., Sloan, J.J., Escribano, R., Raman spectroscopic characterization of carbonaceous aerosols. Atmos Environ 35 (2001), 561–568.
31. Cleghorn, S.J.C., Mayfield, D.K., Moore, D.A., Moore, J.C., Rusch, G., Sherman, T.W., et al. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell life test: 3 years of continuous operation. J Power Sources 158 (2006), 446–454.