Spinoza’s environmental ethics

Inquiry (United Kingdom)

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1980, Pages 293-311

  Lloyd, Jenevieve ^a  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84905521334     PISSN: 0020174X     EISSN: 15023923     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00201748008601910     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Sessions notes the existence of this opposed theme in Spinoza's thought in his informal newsletter 'Ecophilosophy', No. 1, April 1976.
2. 'Spinoza and Jeffers on Man in Nature', 'Ecophilosophy', p. 507. But he does not recognize its interconnection with the theme of man as part of nature.
3. Note I to Prop. 37, Pt. IV of the Ethics.
4. R. H. M. Elwes (Trans.), The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, Vol. 2, Dover, New York 1955, p. 213.
5. Note to Prop. 57, Pt. III; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 170.
6. Prop. 29, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 206.
7. Proof to Prop. 29, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza.
8. Prop. 24, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 204.
9. Note to Prop. 18, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 202.
10. Corollary 2 to Prop. 35, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 210.
11. Note to Prop. 35, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza.
12. Note 2 to Prop. 37, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 214.
13. A Theologico-Political Treatise, in R. H. M. Elwes (Trans.), The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, Vol. 1, Dover, New York 1951, p. 200.
14. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., Ch. 35, p. 59.
15. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., Ch. 35, p. 60.
16. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., Ch. 36, p. 61.
17. Ethics, Prop. 24, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 204.
18. J. Passmore, Man’s Responsibility for Nature, Duckworth, London 1974.
19. R. Routley, ‘Is There a Need for a New, an Environmental Ethic?’, Proceedings of the XVth World Congress of Philosophy, Varna 1973, p. 210.
20. Holmes Rolston III, ‘Is There an Ecological Ethic?’, Ethics, Vol. 85 (1975), p. 103.
21. A Theologico-Political Treatise, Ch. XVI, Elwes, Ethics, p. 203.
22. S. Benn, ‘Personal Freedom and Environmental Ethics: the Moral Inequality of Species’, paper to the World Congress on Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, St. Louis, Missouri, Aug. 1975.
23. Ethics, Prop. 66, Pt. IV.Elwes, Ethics, p. 231.
24. Rolston, Ethics.
25. A Sand County Almanac., p. 240.
26. George Sessions, ‘Panpsychism versus Modem Materialism’, A Sand County Almanac, p. 24.
27. ‘Anthropocentrism and the Environmental Crisis’, A Sand County Almanac, p. 10.
28. Rolston, A Sand County Almanac, p. 104.
29. Spinoza, Letter to Oldenburg (XXXII); in A. Wolf (Ed.),The Correspondence of Spinoza, Cass, London 1966, pp 210-211.
30. S. Hampshire, Two Theories of Morality, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1977, p. 91.
31. George Sessions, ‘Anthropocentrism and the Environmental Crisis’, Two Theories of Morality, p. 10.
32. George Sessions, ‘Anthropocentrism and the Environmental Crisis’, in Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, Vol. 2, Fall/Winter, 1974.
33. ‘Panpsychism versus Modem Materialism: Some Implications for an Ecological Ethics’, expanded version of paper delivered at the conference on ‘The Rights of Non-Human Nature’ held at Pitzer College, Claremont, California, April 1974.
34. ‘Spinoza and Jeffers on Man in Nature’, Inquiry, Vol. 20 (1977). The implications of Spinozism for ecology are also discussed by Arne Naess in ‘The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement: A Summary’, Inquiry, Vol. 16 (1973) and ‘Spinoza and Ecology’, Philosophia, Vol. 7 (1977).
35. Sessions notes the existence of this opposed theme in Spinoza’s thought in his informal newsletter ‘Ecophilosophy’, No. 1, April 1976.
36. ‘Spinoza and Jeffers on Man in Nature’, Ecophilosophy, p. 507. But he does not Tecognize its interconnection with the theme of man as part of nature.
37. Note I to Prop. 37, Pt. IV of the Ethics', in R. H. M. Elwes (Trans.), The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, Vol. 2, Dover, New York 1955, p. 213.
38. Note to Prop. 57, Pt. III; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 170.
39. Prop. 29, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 206.
40. Proof to Prop. 29, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza.
41. Prop. 24, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 204.
42. Note to Prop. 18, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 202.
43. Corollary 2 to Prop. 35, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 210.
44. Note to Prop. 35, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza.
45. Note 2 to Prop. 37, Pt. IV; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, p. 214.
46. A Theologico-Political Treatise, in R. H. M. Elwes (Trans.), The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, Vol. 1, Dover, New York 1951, p. 200.
47. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., pp 200-201.
48. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., p. 201.
49. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., p. 202.
50. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., pp 202-203.
51. Ethics, App to Pt. 1; Elwes, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, pp 75-76.
52. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., p. 76.
53. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza.
54. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., p. 79.
55. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza., p. 81.
56. Locke, An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent and End of Civil Government, Ch. II, Everyman, London 1924, p. 120.
57. Leibniz, Discourse on Metaphysics, Ch. 19; in G. R. Montgomery (Trans.), Leibniz: Basic Writings, Open Court, La Salle 1962, p. 34.
58. Leibniz: Basic Writings., Ch. 12, p. 19.