Wavelet-based electrocardiogram signal compression methods and their performances: A prospective review

Biomedical Signal Processing and Control

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 73-107

  Sabarimalai Sur, M ^a   Dandapat, S ^b  

^a INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BHUBANESWAR   (India)

^b INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GUWAHATI   (India)

Author keywords

Data compression; ECG signal compression; Electrocardiogram; m Health; Telecardiology; Wavelet based compression; Wearable body area networks

Indexed keywords

CARDIOLOGY; COMPUTER AIDED DIAGNOSIS; DATA COMPRESSION; DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING; DIGITAL STORAGE; DISEASES; MHEALTH; ONE DIMENSIONAL; REAL TIME SYSTEMS; WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY;

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; ECG SIGNALS; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM SIGNAL; HUMAN EMOTION RECOGNITION; SIGNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT; TELECARDIOLOGY; WAVELET-BASED COMPRESSIONS; WEARABLE BODY AREA NETWORKS;

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY;

CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPRESSION; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MORPHOLOGY; PARAMETER EXTRACTION COMPRESSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; QRS COMPLEX; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; SIGNAL NOISE RATIO; SIGNAL PROCESSING; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STORAGE; ALGORITHM; HEART DISEASE; PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM; TELECARDIOLOGY; WAVELET ANALYSIS; WIRELESS COMMUNICATION;

EID: 84905442484     PISSN: 17468094     EISSN: 17468108     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2014.07.002     Document Type: Review

References (204)

1. Report of committee on electrocardiography, American Heart Association Recommendations for standardization of leads and of specifications for instruments in electrocardiography and vectorcardiography Circulation XXXV March 1967 583 602
2. F. Morris, J. Edhouse, J.W. Brady, and J. Camm ABC of Clinical Electrocardiography 2003 BMJ Publishing Group London
3. W.J. Tompkins Biomedical Digital Signal Processing 1993 Prentice-Hall New Jersey
4. M. Rangayyan Rangaraj Biomedical Signal Analysis: A Case-study Approach 2001 Wiley-IEEE Press Hoboken, NJ, USA
5. R. McFee, and M.G. Baule Research in electrocardiography and magnetocardiography Proc. IEEE 60 March (3) 1972 290 321
6. D.B. Geselowitz Origin of the electrocardiogram IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 13 August/September (4) 1994 479 486
7. A. Mattu, and W. Brady ECGs for the Emergency Physician 2003 BMJ Publishing Group London
8. H.E. Awtry, V.A. Gururaj, M. Maytic, W.M. Tsang, J.B. Zachariah, and J. Loscalzo Blueprints in Cardiology 2003 Blackwell Science UK
9. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan Cardiovascular Signal Compression Using a New Wavelet Energy based Diagnostic Distortion Measure 2009, September Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (Ph.D. dissertation)
10. László Gerencsér, György Kozmann, Zsuzsanna Vágó, and Kristóf Haraszti The use of the SPSA method in ECG analysis IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 49 October (10) 2002 1094 1101
11. N.V. Thakor, J.G. Webstor, and W.J. Tompkins Estimation of QRS complex power spectra for design of a QRS filter IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-31 November (11) 1984 702 705
12. G.J. Guang, and W.J. Tompkins High-frequency electrocardiogram analyzer IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-33 December (12) 1986 1137 1140
13. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Wavelet-based ECG and PCG signals compression technique for mobile telemedicine Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Advanced Computing and Communication 2007 2007, 164 169
14. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Wavelet-threshold based ECG compression with smooth retrieved quality for telecardiology Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Intelligent Sensing and Information Processing 2006, December 138 143
15. B. Baby, M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and K.P. Soman Automated cardiac event change detection for continuous remote patient monitoring Devices IEEE Int. Conf. Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief (ACWR2011) 2011
16. G.B. Moody, and R.G. Mark The MIT-BIH arrhythmia database in CD-ROM and software for use with it Computers in Cardiology Chicago, IL 1990 185 188
17. G.B. Moody, and R.G. Mark The impact of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 17 May/June (1) 2001 45 50 (Pubitemid 32606302)
18. G.B. Moody, R.G. Mark, and A.L. Goldberger PhysioNet: A web-based resource for study of physiologic signals IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 20 May/June (1) 2001 70 75 (Pubitemid 32606305)
19. G.B. Moody, K. Soroushian, and R.G. Mark ECG data compression for tapeless ambulatory monitors Comput. Cardiol. 1987 467 470
20. D.A. Lelewer, and D.S. Hirschberg Data compression ACM Comput. Surv. 19 September (3) 1987 261 296
21. N.S. Jayant, and P. Noll Digital Coding of Waveforms 1984 Prentice-Hall New Jersey
22. K. Sayood Introduction to Data Compression 2006 Elsevier Inc San Francisco, USA
23. A. Gersho Principles of quantization IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. CAS-25 July (7) 1978 427 436
24. A. Buzo, A.J. Gray, R. Gray, and J.D. Markel Speech coding based upon vector quantization IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. ASSP-28 28 October (5) 1980 562 574 (Pubitemid 11471078)
25. R.M. Gray Vector quantization IEEE Acoust. Speech Signal Process. Mag. April 1984 4 29
26. M.N. Nasrabadi, and A.R. King Image coding using vector quantization: a review IEEE Trans. Commun. 36 August (8) 1988 957 971
27. C.M. Kortman Redundancy reduction-a practical method of data compression Proc. IEEE 55 March (3) 1967 253 263
28. J.P. Abenstein, and W.J. Tompkins A new data reduction algorithm for real time ECG analysis IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-29 January (1) 1982 43 48 (Pubitemid 12145893)
29. S.M.S. Jalaleddine, C.G. Hutchens, R.D. Strattan, and W.A. Coberly ECG data compression techniques-a unified approach IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 37 April (4) 1990 329 343 (Pubitemid 20319035)
30. C.A. Andrews, J.M. Davies, and G.R. Schwarz Adaptive data compression Proc. IEEE 55 March (3) 1967 267 277
31. P. Elias Predictive coding IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 1 March (1) 1955 16 33
32. J.R. Cox, and K.L. Ripley Compact digital coding of electrocardiographic data Proceeding of 6th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences Honolulu, Hawaii 1973 333 336
33. O. Pahlm, O.P. Borjesson, and O. Werner Compact digital storage of ECGs Comput. Programs Biomed. 9 May 1979 293 300 (Pubitemid 9182389)
34. U.E. Ruttimann, and H.V. Pipberger Compression of the ECG by prediction or interpolation and entropy encoding IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-26 November (11) 1979 613 623 (Pubitemid 10165762)
35. A. Sandman, and B. Sapir Third order polynomial-Its use in data compression Signal Process. 15 December (4) 1988 405 418
36. L.W. Gardenhire Redundancy reduction, the key to adaptive telemetry Proceedings of National Telemetering Conference Los Angeles, CA 1964 1 16
37. L.W. Gardenhire Data redundancy reduction for biomedical telemetry C.A. Caceres, Biomedical Telemetry 1965 Academic New York 255 298
38. S.M. Blanchard, R.C. Barr, and M.S. Spach A voltage-triggered system for adaptive sampling in body surface mapping IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-29 November (11) 1982 726 730 (Pubitemid 13168747)
39. S.M. Blanchard, and R.C. Barr Comparison of methods for adaptive sampling of cardiac electrograms and electrocardiograms Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 23 July (4) 1985 377 386 (Pubitemid 15030851)
40. J.R. Cox, F.M. Nolle, H.A. Fozzard, and G.C. Oliver AZTEC a preprocessing program for real-time ECG rhythm analysis IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-15 April 1968 128 129
41. W.C. Mueller Arrhythmia detection program for an ambulatory ECG monitor Biomed. Sci. Instrum. 14 1978 81 85
42. M. Ishjima, S.B. Shin, G.H. Hostetter, and J. Sklansky Scan-along polygon approximation for data compression of electrocardiograms IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 30 1983 723 729 (Pubitemid 14505105)
43. R.C. Barr, S.M. Blanchard, and D.A. DiPersio SAPA-2 is the fan IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-32 May (5) 1985 337 (Pubitemid 15086515)
44. D.A. Dipersio, and R.C. Barr Evaluation of the fan method of adaptive sampling on human electrocardiograms Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 23 September (5) 1985 401 410 (Pubitemid 15229576)
45. A.E. Pollard, and R.C. Barr Adaptive sampling of intracellular and extracellular cardiac potentials with the fan method Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 25 May (3) 1987 261 268 (Pubitemid 17112832)
46. M. Giallorenzo, J. Cohen, F. Mora, G. Passariello, and L.O. Lara Ambulatory monitoring device using the fan method as data-compression algorithm Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 26 July (4) 1988 439 443
47. B. Furht, and A. Perez An adaptive real-time ECG compression algorithm with variable threshold IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 35 June (6) 1988 489 494
48. S.C. Tai Slope-a real-time ECG data compressor Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 29 March (2) 1991 175 179
49. S.C. Tai ECG data compression by corner detection Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 30 March (6) 1992 584 590 (Pubitemid 23009082)
50. X.B. Huang, M.J. English, and R. Vincent Fast ECG data compression algorithms suitable for microprocessor systems J. Biomed. Eng. 14 January (1) 1992 64 68
51. S.C. Tai AZTDIS-a two-phase real-time ECG data compressor J. Biomed. Eng. 15 November (6) 1993 510 515 (Pubitemid 23312073)
52. H.I. Shahein, and H.M. Abbas ECG data compression via cubic-splines and scan-along polygonal approximation Signal Process. 35 February (3) 1994 269 283
53. G. Lachiver, J.M. Eichner, F. Besette, and W. Seufert An algorithm for ECG data compression using spline functions Computer in Cardiology Washington, DC 1986 575 578
54. M. Karczewicz, and M. Gabbouj ECG data compression by spline approximation Signal Process. 59 May (1) 1997 43 59 (Pubitemid 127416913)
55. S.C. Vinod Kumar, V.K. Saxena, Giri, and Dilbag Singh Improved modified AZTEC technique for ECG data compression: effect of length of parabolic filter on reconstructed signal Comput. Elect. Eng. 31 June-July (4-5) 2005 334 344 (Pubitemid 41328536)
56. S.C. Tai, C.W. Chang, and C.F. Chen Designing better adaptive sampling algorithms for ECG Holter systems IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 44 September (9) 1997 901 903 (Pubitemid 27357684)
57. L.N. Bohs, and R.C. Barr Real-time adaptive sampling with the fan algorithm Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 26 November (6) 1988 565 573
58. M. Bertinelli, A. Castelli, C. Combi, and F. Pinciroli Data compression applied to dynamic electrocardiography Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 27 January (1) 1989 33 40 (Pubitemid 19034782)
59. H. El-Sherief, S. Pham, N. El-Sherif, and E. Caref Clinical evaluation of ECG data compression techniques for ambulatory recording Proceedings of 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, vol. 2 Chicago, USA 1994 1306 1307
60. H. Kim, R.F. Yazicioglu, P. Merken, C. Van Hoof, and H.-J. Yoo ECG signal compression and classification algorithm with quad level vector for ECG Holter system IEEE Trans. Inform. Technol. Biomedicine 14 January (1) 2010 93 100
61. S.K. Mukhopadhyaya, S. Mitra, and M. Mitra ECG signal compression using ASCII character encoding and transmission via SMS Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 08 July (04) 2013 354 363
62. P.S. Hamilton, and W.J. Tompkins Compression of the ambulatory ECG by average beat subtraction and residual differencing IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 38 March (3) 1991 253 259
63. G. Einarsson An improved implementation of predictive coding compression IEEE Trans. Commun. 39 February (2) 1991 169 171
64. P.S. Hamilton, and W.J. Tompkins Theoretical and experimental rate distortion performance in compression of ambulatory ECG's IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 38 March (3) 1991 260 266
65. G. Nave, and A. Cohen ECG compression using long-term prediction IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 40 September (9) 1993 877 885 (Pubitemid 24064400)
66. C. Paggetti, M. Lusini, M. Varanini, A. Taddei, and C. Marchesi A multichannel template based data compression algorithm Computer in Cardiology Bethesda, MD 1994 629 632
67. Y. Zigel, A. Cohen, and A. Katz A diagnostic meaningful distortion measure for ECG compression Proceedings of 19th Convention of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Israel 1996 117 120
68. A. Cohen, and Y. Zigel Compression of multichannel ECG through multichannel long-term prediction IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 17 January/February (1) 1998 109 115 (Pubitemid 28106084)
69. Y. Zigel, A. Cohen, and A. Katz ECG signal compression using analysis by synthesis coding IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 47 October (10) 2000 1308 1316
70. Wen-Shiung Chena, Lili Hsiehb, and Shang-Yuan Yuana High performance data compression method with pattern matching for biomedical ECG and arterial pulse waveforms Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 74 April (01) 2004 11 27
71. E.B.L. Filho, N.M.M. Rodrigues, E.A.B. da Silva, M.B. de Carvalho, Sérgio M.M. de Faria, and Vítor Manuel Mendes da Silva On ECG signal compression with 1-D multiscale recurrent patterns allied to preprocessing techniques IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 6 3 2009 896 900
72. C.P. Mammen, and B. Ramamurthi Vector quantization for compression of multichannel ECG IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 37 September (9) 1990 821 825 (Pubitemid 20368416)
73. A. Cohen, P.M. Poluta, and R. Scott-Millar Compression of ECG signals using vector quantization Proceedings of IEEE-90 S. A. Symposium Communications and Signal Processing, COMSIG-90 Johanesburg, South Africa 1990 45 54
74. J.L.C. Barrera, and J.V. Lorenzo-Ginori Mean-shape vector quantizer for ECG signal compression IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 46 January (1) 1999 62 70 (Pubitemid 29021917)
75. Shaou-Gang Miaou, and Heng-Lin Yen Multichannel ECG compression using multichannel adaptive vector quantization IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 48 October (10) 2001 1203 1207 (Pubitemid 32879984)
76. C.-C. Sun, and S.-C. Tai Beat-based ECG compression using gain-shape vector quantization IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52 November (11) 2005 1882 1888 (Pubitemid 41578809)
77. A. Iwata, Y. Nagasaka, and N. Suzumura Data compression of the ECG using neural network for digital Holter monitor IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 9 September (3) 1990 53 57 (Pubitemid 20308471)
78. Yong Zhao, Boxiang Wang, Wei Zhao, and Lida Dong Applying incompletely connected feedforward neural network to ambulatory ECG data compression IET Electron. Lett. 33 January (3) 1997 220 221 (Pubitemid 127546289)
79. A. Chatterjee, A. Nait-Ali, and P. Siarry An input-delay neural-network-based approach for piecewise ECG signal compression IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52 May (5) 2005 945 947 (Pubitemid 40675496)
80. N. Ahmed, P.J. Milne, and S.G. Hams Electrocardiographic data compression via orthogonal transforms IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-22 November (6) 1975 484 487
81. M.E. Womble, J.S. Halliday, S.K. Mitter, M.C. Lancaster, and J.H. Triebwasser Data compression for storing and transmitting ECG's/VCG's Proc. IEEE 65 May (5) 1977 702 706 (Pubitemid 8228888)
82. R.L. Lux Karhunen-loeve representation of ECG data J. Electrocardiol. 25 Suppl. 1 1992 195 198 (Pubitemid 23101787)
83. S. Olmos, J. García, R. Jané, and P. Laguna ECG signal compression plus noise filtering with truncated orthogonal expansions Signal Process. 79 November (1) 1999 97 115 (Pubitemid 30504390)
84. T. Blanchett, G.C. Kember, and G.A. Fenton KLT-based quality controlled compression of single-lead ECG IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 45 July (7) 1998 942 945 (Pubitemid 28292333)
85. W.S. Kuklinski Fast Walsh transform data-compression algorithm: ECG applications Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 21 1983 465 472 (Pubitemid 13072548)
86. G.P. Frangakis, G. Papakonstantinou, and S.G. Tzafestas A fast Walsh transfrom-based data compression multi-microprocessor system: application to ECG signals Math. Comput. Simul. 27 October (5-6) 1985 491 502
87. E. Berti, F. Chiaraluce, N.E. Evans, and J.J. McKee ECG data compression using double logarithmic quantisation of Walsh spectrum IET Electron. Lett. 31 June (13) 1995 1025 1026
88. E. Berti, F. Chiaraluce, N.E. Evans, and J.J. McKee Double logarithmic quantisation of the Walsh spectrum: application to real ECGs IET Electron. Lett. 33 August (18) 1997 1513 1515 (Pubitemid 127536273)
89. E. Berti, F. Chiaraluce, N.E. Evans, and J.J. McKee Reduction of Walsh-transformed electrocardiograms by double logarithmic coding IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 47 November (11) 2000 1543 1547
90. B.R.S. Reddy, and I.S.N. Murthy ECG Data Compression Using Fourier Descriptors IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-33 April (4) 1986 428 434
91. H.A.M. Al-Nashash ECG data compression using adaptive Fourier coefficients estimation Med. Eng. Phys. 16 January (1) 1994 62 66 (Pubitemid 24068155)
92. H.A.M. Al-Nashash A dynamic fourier series for the compression of ECG using FFT and adaptive coefficient estimation Med. Eng. Phys. 17 April (3) 1995 197 203
93. V.A. Allen, and J. Belina ECG data compression using the discrete cosine transform Computers in Cardiology Durham, NC 1992, October 687 690
94. U.C. Niranjan, and I.S.N. Murthy ECG component delineation by Prony's method Signal Process. 31 March (2) 1993 191 202 (Pubitemid 23643020)
95. B. Madhukar, and I.S.N. Murthy ECG data compression by modeling Comput. Biomed. Res. 26 June (3) 1993 310 317 (Pubitemid 23188110)
96. L.V. Batista, E.U. Kurt Melcher, and L.C. Carvalho Compression of ECG signals by optimized quantization of discrete cosine transform coefficients Med. Eng. Phys. 23 March (2) 2001 127 134 (Pubitemid 32544592)
97. R. Borsali, A. Nait-Ali, and J. Lemoine ECG compression using an ensemble polynomial modeling: comparison with the DCT based technique Cardiovasc. Eng. Int. J. 4 September (3) 2004 237 244 (Pubitemid 39172780)
98. R. Benzid, A. Messaoudi, and A. Boussaad Constrained ECG compression algorithm using the block-based discrete cosine transform Digit. Signal Process. 18 January (1) 2008 56 64 (Pubitemid 350193283)
99. S. Lee, J. Kim, and M. Lee A real-time ECG data compression and transmission algorithm for an e-Health device IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 58 September (09) 2011 2448 2455
100. A. Bendifallah, R. Benzid, and M. Boulemden Improved ECG compression method using discrete cosine transform Electron. Lett. 47 January (2) 2011 87 89
101. W. Philips, and G. De Jonghe Data compression of ECG's by high-degree polynomial approximation IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 39 April (4) 1992 330 337
102. W. Philips ECG data compression with time-warped polynomials IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 40 November (11) 1993 1095 1101 (Pubitemid 24060738)
103. Alberto Albiol Colomer, and Antonio Albiol Colomer Adaptive ECG data compression using discrete Legendre transform Digit. Signal Process. 7 October (4) 1997 222 228 (Pubitemid 127435607)
104. Aliaksei Sandryhaila, Samir Saba, Markus Püschel, and Jelena Kovacevic Efficient compression of QRS complexes using Hermite expansion IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 60 February (02) 2012 947 955
105. Vibha Aggarwal, and Manjeet Singh Patterh Quality controlled ECG compression using essentially non-oscillatory point-value decomposition (ENOPV) technique Digital Signal Process. 22 December (6) 2012 878 884
106. S.C. Tai Six-band sub-band coder on ECG waveforms Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 30 1992 187 192
107. M.C. Aydin, A.E. Cetin, and H. Koymen ECG data compression by sub-band coding IET Electron. Lett. 27 February (4) 1991 359 360 (Pubitemid 21651265)
108. S.C. Tai Improving the performance of electrocardiogram sub-band coder by extensive Markov system Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 33 May 1995 471 475
109. J.H. Husøy, and T. Gjerde Computationally efficient subband coding of ECG signals Med. Eng. Phys. 18 March (2) 1996 132 142 (Pubitemid 26058385)
110. A.G. Ramakrishnan, and S. Saha ECG compression by multirate processing of beats Comput. Biomed. Res. 29 October (5) 1996 407 409
111. M.B. Velasco, F.C. Roldán, F.L. Ferreras, A.B. Santos, and D.M. Mu noz A low computational complexity algorithm for ECG signal compression Med. Eng. Phys. 26 September (7) 2004 553 568
112. M.B. Velasco, F.C. Roldán, J.I.G. Llorente, and K.E. Barner ECG compression with retrieved quality guaranteed IET Electron. Lett. 40 November (23) 2004 1466 1467
113. K. Khaldi, and A.O. Boudraa On signals compression by EMD Electron. Lett. 48 21 2012 1329 1331
114. J.A. Crowe, N.M. Gibson, M.S. Woolfson, and M.G. Somekh Wavelet transform as a potential tool for ECG analysis and compression J. Biomed. Eng. 14 May (3) 1992 268 272
115. J. Chen, S. Itoh, and T. Hashimoto ECG data compression by using wavelet transform IEICE Trans. Inform. Syst. E76-D December (12) 1993 1454 1461
116. N. Thakor, Y. Sun, H. Rix, and P. Caminal Multiwave: a wavelet based ECG data compression algorithm IEICE Trans. Inform. Syst. E76-D 12 1993 1462 1469
117. I. Provazník, and J. Kozumplík Wavelet transform in electrocardiography-data compression Int. J. Med. Inf. 45 June (1-2) 1997 111 128
118. B. Bradie Wavelet packet-based compression of single lead ECG IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 43 May (5) 1996 493 501 (Pubitemid 26131471)
119. K. Nagarajan, E. Kresch, S.S. Rao, and Y. Kresh Constrained ECG compression using best adapted wavelet packet bases IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 3 October (10) 1996 273 275 (Pubitemid 126530355)
120. A.G. Ramakrishnan, and S. Saha ECG coding by wavelet-based linear prediction IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 44 December (12) 1997 1253 1261 (Pubitemid 27516415)
121. J. Chen, and S. Itoh A wavelet transform-based ECG compression method guaranteeing desired signal quality IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 45 December (12) 1998 1414 1419 (Pubitemid 28531721)
122. M.A. Sabah, A. Al-Shrouf, and M. Abo-Zahhad ECG data compression using optimum non-orthogonal wavelet transform Med. Eng. Phys. 22 January (1) 2000 39 46 (Pubitemid 30246078)
123. R.S.H. Istepanian, and A.A. Petrosian Optimal zonal wavelet-based ECG data compression for a mobile telecardiology system IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 4 September (3) 2000 200 211
124. R.S.H. Istepanian, L.J. Hadjileontiadis, and S.M. Panas ECG data compression using wavelets and higher order statistics methods IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 5 June (2) 2001 108 115 (Pubitemid 32609935)
125. S.M. Ahmeda, and M. Abo-Zahhad A new hybrid algorithm for ECG signal compression based on the wavelet transformation of the linearly predicted error Med. Eng. Phys. 23 March (2) 2001 117 126 (Pubitemid 32539102)
126. B.A. Rajoub An efficient coding algorithm for the compression of ECG signals using the wavelet transform IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 49 April (4) 2002 355 362 (Pubitemid 34241394)
127. M. Abo-Zahhad, and B.A. Rajoub An effective coding technique for the compression of one-dimensional signals using wavelet transforms Med. Eng. Phys. 24 April (3) 2002 185 199 (Pubitemid 34327598)
128. A. Al-Shrouf, M. Abo-Zahhad, and S.M. Ahmed A novel compression algorithm for electrocardiogram signals based on the linear prediction of the wavelet coefficients Digit. Signal Process. 13 October (4) 2003 604 622
129. R. Benzid, F. Marir, A. Boussaad, M. Benyoucef, and D. Arar Fixed percentage of wavelet coefficients to be zeroed for ECG compression IET Electron. Lett. 39 May (11) 2003 830 831
130. B.S. Kim, S.K. Yoo, and M.H. Lee Wavelet-based low-delay ECG compression algorithm for continuous ECG transmission IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 10 January (1) 2006 77 83 (Pubitemid 43092320)
131. A. Alesanco, S. Olmos, R.S.H. Istepanian, and J. Garcia Enhanced real-time ECG coder for packetized telecardiology applications IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 10 April (2) 2006 229 236
132. C.T. Ku, H.S. Wang, K.C. Hung, and Y.S. Hung A novel ECG data compression method based on nonrecursive discrete periodized wavelet transform IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53 December (12) 2006 2577 2583
133. C.T. Ku, K.C. Hung, H.S. Wang, and Y.S. Hung High efficient ECG compression based on reversible round-off non-recursive 1-D discrete periodized wavelet transform Med. Eng. Phys. 29 December (10) 2007 1149 1166
134. M.B. Velasco, F.C. Roldan, J.I.G. Llorente, and K.E. Barner Wavelet packets feasibility study for the design of an ECG compressor IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 54 April (4) 2007 766 769 (Pubitemid 46469928)
135. R. Benzid, F. Marir, and N.E. Bouguechal Electrocardiogram compression method based on the adaptive wavelet coefficients quantization combined to a modified two-role encoder IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 14 June (6) 2007 373 376 (Pubitemid 46845703)
136. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Wavelet threshold based ECG compression using USZZQ and Huffman coding of DSM Biomed. Signal Process. Control 1 October (4) 2006 261 270
137. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Quality controlled wavelet compression of ECG signals by WEDD Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications (ICCIMA 2007), 01 2007, December 581 586
138. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Wavelet threshold based TDL and TDR algorithms for real-time ECG signal compression Biomed. Signal Process. Control 3 January (1) 2008 44 66 (Pubitemid 351211222)
139. Mohammed Abo-Zahhad, F. Ahmad, Al-Ajlouni, M. Sabah, R.J. Ahmed, and Schilling A new algorithm for the compression of ECG signals based on mother wavelet parameterization and best-threshold levels selection Digit. Signal Process. 23 May (3) 2013 1002 1011
140. C. Ku, K. Hung, T. Wu, and H. Wang Wavelet-based ECG data compression system with linear quality control scheme IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 7 06 2010 1399 1409
141. M.L. Hilton Wavelet and wavelet packet compression of electrocardiograms IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 44 May (5) 1997 394 402 (Pubitemid 27183861)
142. Z. Lu, D.Y. Kim, and W.A. Pearlman Wavelet compression of ECG signals by the set partitioning in hierarchical trees algorithm IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 47 July (7) 2000 849 856 (Pubitemid 30421819)
143. S.-G. Miaou, and C.-L. Lin A quality-on-demand algorithm for wavelet-based compression of electrocardiogram signals IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 49 March (3) 2002 233 239 (Pubitemid 34151000)
144. W.J. Hwang, C.F. Chine, and K.J. Li Scalable medical data compression and transmission using wavelet transform for telemedicine applications IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 7 March (1) 2003 54 63
145. G. Tohumoglu, and K.E. Sezgin ECG signal compression by multi-iteration EZW coding for different wavelets and thresholds Comput. Biol. Med. 37 February (2) 2007 173 182 (Pubitemid 44909084)
146. A. Alesanco, and J. Garcya A simple method for guaranteeing ECG quality in real-time wavelet lossy coding EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2007 Article ID 93195, 9 pp.
147. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Effective quality-controlled SPIHT based ECG coding under noise environments Electron. Lett. 44 September (20) 2008 1182 1183
148. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat PCG signals compression method based on wavelet transform and SPIHT algorithm Proc. IEEE India Annual Conference (INDICON 2007) 2007, September 222 227
149. K. Anant, F. Dowla, and G. Rodrigue Vector quantization of ECG wavelet coefficients IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 2 July (7) 1995 129 131
150. S.-G. Miaou, and H.-L. Yen Quality driven gold washing adaptive vector quantization and its application to ECG data compression IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 47 February (2) 2000 209 218 (Pubitemid 30091548)
151. S.-G. Miaou, H.-L. Yen, and C.-L. Lin Wavelet-based ECG compression using dynamic vector quantization with tree codevectors in single codebook IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 49 July (7) 2002 671 680 (Pubitemid 34651460)
152. S.-G. Miaou, and S.-N. Chao Wavelet-based lossy-to-lossless ECG compression in a unified vector quantization framework IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52 March (3) 2005 539 543 (Pubitemid 40343751)
153. B. Huanga, Y. Wanga, and J. Chenc ECG compression using the context modeling arithmetic coding with dynamic learning vector-scalar quantization Biomed. Signal Process. Control 8 January (01) 2013 59 65
154. H. Lee, and K.M. Buckley ECG data compression using cut and align beats approach and 2-D transforms IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 46 May (5) 1999 556 564 (Pubitemid 29207009)
155. A.R.A. Moghaddam, and K. Nayebi A two dimensional wavelet packet approach for ECG compression Proceedings of International Symposium Signal Processing Applications Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2001, August 226 229
156. K. Uyar, and Y.Z. Ider Development of a compression algorithm suitable for exercise ECG data Proceedings of 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS Istanbul, Turkey 2001, October 3521 3524 (Pubitemid 35389435)
157. J.J. Wei, C.J. Chang, N.K. Chou, and G.J. Jan ECG data compression using truncated singular value decomposition IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 5 December (4) 2001 290 299
158. A. Bilgin, M.W. Marcellin, and M.I. Altbach Compression of electrocardiogram signals using JPEG2000 IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 49 November (4) 2003 833 840
159. S.C. Tai, C.C. Sun, and W.C. Yan A 2-D ECG compression method based on wavelet transform and modified SPIHT IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52 June (6) 2005 999 1008
160. H.H. Chou, Y.J. Chen, Y.C. Shiau, and T.S. Kuo An effective and efficient compression algorithm for ECG signals with irregular periods IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53 June (6) 2006 1198 1205
161. E. Alexandre, A. Pena, and M. Sobreira On the use of 2-D coding techniques for ECG signals IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 10 October (4) 2006 809 811 (Pubitemid 44604910)
162. X. Wang, and J. Meng A 2-D ECG compression algorithm based on wavelet transform and vector quantization Digit. Signal Process. 18 March (2) 2008 179 188 (Pubitemid 351324139)
163. B. Huang, Y. Wang, and J. Chen 2-D compression of ECG signals using ROI mask and conditional entropy coding IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 56 4 2009 1261 1263
164. P.O. Borjesson, G. Einarsson, and O. Pahlm Comments on Compression of the ECG by prediction or interpolation and entropy encoding IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-27 November (11) 1980 674
165. P.S. Hamilton, and W.J. Tompkins Theoretical and experimental rate distortion performance in compression of ambulatory ECGs IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 38 March (3) 1991 260 266
166. A. Alshamali, and A.S. Al-Fahoum Comments on An efficient coding algorithm for the compression of ECG signals using the wavelet transform IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 50 August (8) 2003 1034 1037 (Pubitemid 36917443)
167. M.B. Velasco, F.C. Roldán, J.I.G. Llorente, J.B. Velasco, C.A. Aparicio, and F.L. Ferreras On the use of PRD and CR parameters for ECG compression Med. Eng. Phys. 27 November (9) 2005 798 802
168. A.S. Al-Fahoum Quality assessment of ECG compression techniques using a wavelet-based diagnostic measure IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 10 January (1) 2006 182 191 (Pubitemid 43092331)
169. Y. Zigel, A. Cohen, and A. Katz The weighted diagnostic distortion (WDD) measure for ECG signal compression IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 47 November (11) 2000 1422 1430
170. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat ECG signal compression using discrete sinc interpolation Proceedings of 3rd IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Sensing and Information Processing Bangalore, India 2005, December 14 19
171. A. Caral, H.D. Ambrosio, A. Oritz-Conde, and F.J. Garcia Sanchez Percent area difference as a measure of distortion and its use in maximum enclosed area (MEA) a new ECG signal compression algorithm Proceedings of 4th IEEE International Caracas Conference on Devices Circuits and Systems, Aruba, 1035-1-1035-5 2002
172. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Wavelet energy based diagnostic distortion measure for ECG Biomed. Signal Process. Control 2 April (2) 2007 80 96 (Pubitemid 47109239)
173. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat An effective wavelet-based lossy compression of noisy ECG signals Proc. IEEE TENCON 2008 Hyderabad, India 2008
174. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat ECG distortion measures and their effectiveness Int. Conf. Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology 2008, July 705 710
175. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Multiscale entropy based weighted distortion measure for ECG coding IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 15 2008 829 832
176. I. Daubechies Orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelets Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 41 October (7) 1998 909 996
177. S. Mallat A theory for multiresolution signal decomposition: the wavelet representation' IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 11 7 1989, July 674 693
178. O. Rioul, and M. Vetterli Wavelets and signal processing IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 8 October (4) 1991 14 38 (Pubitemid 21703506)
179. S. Mallat, and S. Zhong Characterization of signals from multi-scale edges IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 14 July (7) 1992 710 732
180. I. Daubechies Ten Lectures on Wavelets 1992 SIAM Philadelphia
181. S. Mallat A Wavelet Tour of Signal Processing 2nd ed. 1999 Academic Press San Diego
182. M. Antonini Image coding using wavelet transform IEEE Trans. Image Process. l April (2) 1992 205 220
183. B.E. Usevitch A tutorial on modern lossy wavelet image compression: foundation of JPEG 2000 IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 18 September (5) 2001 22 35 (Pubitemid 32932332)
184. R.R. Coifman, and M.V. Wickerhauser Entropy-based algorithms for best basis selection IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 8 2 1992 713 718
185. D.L. Donoho, and I.M. Johnstone Ideal denoising in an orthonormal basis chosen from a library of bases Comp. Rend. Acad. Sci. 319 1994 1317 1322
186. D.L. Donoho De-noising by soft-thresholding IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 41 3 1995 613 627
187. D. Salomon Data Compression 3rd ed. 2004 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
188. P.N. Topiwala Wavelet Image and video Compression (The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science) 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
189. M.W. Marcellin, M.A. Lepley, A. Bilgin, T.J. Flohr, T.T. Chinen, and J.H. Kasner An overview of quantization in JPEG 2000 Signal Process. Image Commun. 17 January (1) 2002 73 84 (Pubitemid 33142065)
190. M. Long, H.M. Tai, and S. Yang Quantisation step selection schemes in JPEG2000 IET Electron. Lett. 38 June (12) 2002 547 549 (Pubitemid 34684640)
191. O.K. Al-Shaykh, and R.M. Mersereau Lossy compression of noisy images IEEE Trans. Image Process. 7 December (12) 1998 1641 1652 (Pubitemid 128744226)
192. B. Tao On optimal entropy-constrained deadzone quantization IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 11 April (4) 2001 560 563 (Pubitemid 32407189)
193. A. Alecu, A. Munteanu, J. Cornelis, S. Dewitte, and P. Schelkens On the optimality of embedded deadzone scalar-quantizers for wavelet-based L-infinite-constrained image coding IEEE Signal Process. Lett. March (11) 3 2004 367 370
194. J. Yu Advantages of uniform scalar dead-zone quantization in image coding system Proceedings of International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems, vol. 2 Chengdu, China 2004, June 805 808 (Pubitemid 40060919)
195. J. Chen, Y. Zhang, and X. Shi Image coding based on wavelet transform and uniform scalar dead zone quantizer Signal Process. Image Commun. 21 August (7) 2006 562 572 (Pubitemid 44189204)
196. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and S. Dandapat Wavelet based ECG compression with large zero zone quantizer Proceedings of IEEE Annual India Conference Delhi, India 2006, September 1 5
197. J. Chen, F. Wang, Y. Zhang, and X. Shig ECG compression using uniform scalar dead-zone quantization and conditional entropy coding Med. Eng. Phys. 30 May (4) 2008 523 530 (Pubitemid 351615215)
198. Z. Xiong, K. Ramchandran, and M.T. Orchard Space-frequency quantization for wavelet image coding IEEE Trans. Image Process. 6 May (5) 1997 677 693 (Pubitemid 127768877)
199. S. Grace Chang, Bin Yu, and Martin Vetterli Adaptive wavelet thresholding for image denoising and compression IEEE Trans. Image Process. 9 September (9) 2000 1532 1546
200. N. Gupta, M.N.S. Swamy, and E. Plotkin Despeckling of medical ultrasound images using data and rate adaptive lossy compression IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 24 June (6) 2005 743 754 (Pubitemid 40850526)
201. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and K.P. Soman A novel method for detecting R-peaks in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal Biomed. Signal Process. Control 7 March (2) 2012 118 128
202. P. Kathirvel, M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, S.R.M. Prasanna, and K.P. Soman An efficient R-peak detection based on new nonlinear transformation and first-order Gaussian differentiator Cardiovasc. Eng. Technol. December (2) 4 2012 408 425
203. N.S.V. Krishna Chaitanya C., A. Radhakrishnan, G. Rakesh Reddy, and M. Sabarimalai Manikandan A simple and robust QRS detection algorithm for wireless medical body area networks Int. Conf. Networks and Computer Communications (ETNCC2011) 2011
204. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and B. Ramkumar Straightforward and robust QRS detection algorithm for wearable cardiac monitor Healthcare Technol. Lett. 01 March (01) 2014 40 44