Effectiveness of habitat classes as surrogates for biodiversity in marine reserve planning

Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 463-477

  Dixon Bridges, Kylie ^a,c   Hutchings, Pat ^b   Gladstone, William ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

^b AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SYDNEY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Coastal; Conservation planning; Estuary; Habitat mapping; Invertebrates; Marine protected area

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; INVERTEBRATA; METAZOA; POLYCHAETA; POSIDONIA; POSIDONIA AUSTRALIS; ZOSTERA CAPRICORNI;

EID: 84905026187     PISSN: 10527613     EISSN: 10990755     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/aqc.2377     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Anderson MJ. 2001. A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology 26: 32-46.
2. Anderson MJ, Ford RB, Feary DA, Honeywill C. 2004. Quantitative measures of sedimentation in an estuarine system and its relationship with intertidal soft-sediment infauna. Marine Ecology Progress Series 272: 33-48.
3. Anderson MJ, Gorley RN, Clarke KR. 2008. PERMANOVA+for PRIMER: Guide to Software and Statistical Methods. University of Auckland, Auckland and PRIMER-E Ltd Plymouth.
4. Anderson TJ, Nichol SL, Syms C, Przeslawski R, Harris P. 2011. Deep-sea bio-physical variables as surrogates for biological assemblages, an example from the Lord Howe Rise. Deep-Sea Research II 58: 979-991.
5. Angulo-Valdés JA, Hatcher BG. 2009. A new typology of benefits derived from marine protected areas. Marine Policy 34: 635-644.
6. ANZECC TFMPA. 1998. Guidelines for establishing the national representative system of Marine Protected Areas. Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, Task Force on Marine Protected Areas. Environment Australia, Canberra.
7. Australian Standard. 1977. Methods of testing soil for engineering purposes: Determination of the particle size distribution of a soil - standard method of analysis by sieving. AS 1289.C6.1. Standards Association of Australia, Sydney.
8. Babcock RC, Shears NT, Alcala AC, Barrett NS, Edgar GJ, Lafferly KD, McClanahan TR, Russ GR. 2010. Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107: 18251-18255.
9. Banks SA, Skilleter GA. 2007. The importance of incorporating fine-scale habitat data into the design of an intertidal marine reserve system. Biological Conservation 138: 13-29.
10. Barnes RSK, Ellwood MDF. 2012. The critical scale of small-scale spatial variation in ecological patterns and processes in intertidal macrobenthic seagrass assemblages. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 98: 119-125.
11. Beesley P, Ross G, Glasby C (eds). 2000. Polychaetes and Allies: The Southern Synthesis. Fauna of Australia. Vol. 4A Polychaeta, Myzostomida, Pogonophora, Echiura, Sipuncula. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.
12. Bergström U, Englund G, Bonsdorff E. 2002. Small-scale spatial structure of Baltic Sea zoobenthos - inferring processes from patterns. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 281: 123-136.
13. Breen DA, Avery RP, Otway NM. 2004. Broad-scale biodiversity assessment of the Manning Shelf Marine Bioregion. NSW Marine Parks Authority, Sydney.
14. Cardoso P, Bankovic M, Raffaelli D, Pardal M. 2007. Polychaete assemblages as indicators of habitat recovery in a temperate estuary under eutrophication. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 71: 301-308.
15. Clarke KR, Ainsworth M. 1993. A method of linking multivariate community structure to environmental variables. Marine Ecology Progress Series 92: 205-219.
16. Connolly RM. 1997. Differences in composition of small, motile invertebrate assemblages from seagrass and unvegetated habitats in a southern Australian estuary. Hydrobiologia 346: 137-148.
17. Costello MJ, Coll M, Danovaro R, Halpin P, Ojaveer H, Miloslavich P. 2010. A census of marine biodiversity knowledge, resources, and future challenges. PLoS One 5: e12110.
18. Dean WE. 1974. Determination of carbonate and organic matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition: Comparison with other methods. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 44: 242-248.
19. Edgar GJ, Stuart-Smith RD. 2009. Ecological effects of marine protected areas on rocky reef communities: a continental-scale analysis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 388: 51-62.
20. Fauchald K, Jumars P. 1979. The diet or worms: a study of polychaete feeding guilds. Oceanography and Marine Biology: Annual Review 17: 193-284.
21. Fraser C, Hutchings PA, Williamson J. 2006. Long-term changes in polychaete assemblages of Botany Bay (NSW, Australia) following a dredging event. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52: 997-1010.
22. Giangrande A, Licciano M, Musco L. 2005. Polychaetes as environmental indicators revisited. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50: 1153-1162.
23. Gladstone W. 2002. The potential value of indicator groups in the selection of marine reserves. Biological Conservation 104: 211-220.
24. Gotelli NJ, Colwell RK. 2001. Quantifying biodiversity: procedures and pitfalls in the measurement and comparison of species richness. Ecology Letters 4: 379-391.
25. Gray J. 2001. Marine diversity: the paradigms in patterns of species richness examined. Scientia Marina 65: 41-56.
26. Halpern BS, Walbridge S, Selkoe KA, Kappel CV, Micheli F, D'Agrosa C, Bruno JF, Casey KS, Ebert C, Fox HE, et al. 2008. A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems. Science 319: 948-952.
27. Harris PT, Heap AT, Whiteway T, Post A. 2008. Application of biophysical information to support Australia's representative marine protected area program. Ocean and Coastal Management 52: 701-711.
28. Hentschel B. 1996. Ontogenetic changes in particle-size selection by deposit-feeding spionid polychaetes: the influence of palp size on particle contact. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 206: 1-24.
29. Hirst JA. 2008. Surrogate measures for assessing cryptic faunal biodiversity on macroalgal-dominated subtidal reefs. Biological Conservation 141: 211-220.
30. Hourston M, Potter I, Warwick R, Valesini F. 2011. The characteristics of the nematode faunas in subtidal sediments of a large microtidal estuary and nearshore coastal waters differ markedly. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 94: 68-76.
31. Hutchings PA. 1990. A review of the effects of trawling on macro benthic epifaunal communities. Australian Journal of Marine & Freshwater Research 41: 111-120.
32. Hutchings PA. 1998. Biodiversity and functioning of polychaetes in benthic sediments. Biodiversity and Conservation 7: 1133-1145.
33. Labrune C, Crémare A, Amouroux J, Sardá R, Gil J, Taboada S. 2007. Assessment of soft-bottom polychaete assemblages in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) based on a mesoscale survey. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 71: 133-147.
34. Legendre P, Anderson MJ. 1999. Distance-based redundancy analysis: testing multispecies responses in multifactorial ecological experiments. Ecological Monographs 69: 1-24.
35. Lester SE, Halpern BS, Grorud-Colvert K, Lubchenco J, Ruttenberg BI, Gaines SD, Airamé S, Warner RR. 2009. Biological effects within no-take marine reserves: a global synthesis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 384: 33-46.
36. Lindsay M, Patterson H, Swearer S. 2008. Habitat as a surrogate measure of reef fish diversity in the zoning of the Lord Howe Island Marine Park, Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 353: 265-273.
37. Lovell S, Hamer M, Slotow R, Herbert D. 2007. Assessment of congruency across invertebrate taxa and taxonomic levels to identify potential surrogates. Biological Conservation 139: 113-125.
38. Magalhães WF, Barros F. 2011. Structural and functional approaches to describe polychaete assemblages: ecological implications for estuarine ecosystems. Marine and Freshwater Research 62: 918-926.
39. Malcolm HA, Jordan A, Smith SDA. 2010. Biogeographical and cross-shelf patterns of reef fish assemblages in a transition zone. Marine Biodiversity 40: 181-193.
40. Malcolm HA, Jordan A, Smith SDA. 2011. Testing a depth-based Habitat Classification System against reef fish assemblage patterns in a subtropical marine park. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21: 173-185.
41. Malcolm H, Foulsham E, Pressey R, Jordan A, Davies P, Ingleton T, Johnstone N, Hessey S, Smith S. 2012. Selecting zones in a marine park: early systematic planning improves cost-efficiency; combining habitat and biotic data improves effectiveness. Ocean and Coastal Management 59: 1-12.
42. Margules CR, Pressey RL. 2000. Systematic conservation planning. Nature 405: 243-253.
43. Mason CJ, Nell JA. 1995. Condition index and chemical composition of meats of Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea commercialis) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) at four sites in Port Stephens, NSW. Marine and Freshwater Research 46: 873-881.
44. Mattila J, Chaplin G, Eilers MR, Heck KL Jr., O'Neal JP, Valentine JF. 1999. Spatial and diurnal distribution of invertebrate and fish fauna of a Zostera marina bed and nearby unvegetated sediments in Damariscotta River, Maine (USA). Journal of Sea Research 41: 321-332.
45. McArdle BH, Anderson MJ. 2001. Fitting multivariate models to community data: a comment on distance-based redundancy analysis. Ecology 82: 290-297.
46. McArthur M, Brooke B, Przeslawski R, Ryan D, Lucieer V, Nichol S, McCallum A, Mellin C, Cresswell I, Radke L. 2010. On the use of abiotic surrogates to describe marine benthic biodiversity. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 88: 21-32.
47. Morrisey DJ, Howitt L, Underwood AJ, Stark JS. 1992. Spatial variation in soft-sediment benthos. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 164: 233-245.
48. Mutlu E, Çinar M, Ergev M. 2010. Distribution of soft-bottom polychaetes of the Levantine coast of Turkey, eastern Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Marine Systems 79: 23-35.
49. Nanami AN, Saitoa H, Akitab T, Motomatsuc K, Kuwaharaa H. 2005. Spatial distribution and assemblage structure of macrobenthic invertebrates in a brackish lake in relation to environmental variables. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 63: 167-176.
50. Newton K, Creese B, Raftos D. 2007. Spatial patterns of ascidian assemblages on subtidal rocky reefs in the Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Park, New South Wales. Marine and Freshwater Research 58: 843-855.
51. NSW Marine Parks Authority. 2001. Developing a representative system of marine protected areas in NSW - an overview. http://www.mpa.nsw.gov.au/pdf/developing-representative-mpa.pdf [5 April 2013].
52. NSW Marine Parks Authority. 2006. Socio-Economic Assessment of the Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Park. http://www.mpa.nsw.gov.au/pdf/psglmp-socio-economic-report.pdf [5 April 2013].
53. NSW Marine Parks Authority. 2007. Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Park Zoning Plan. http://www.mpa.nsw.gov.au/psglmp.html [5 April 2013].
54. Olive PJW. 1984. Environmental control of reproduction in Polychaeta. Fortschritte der Zoologie 29: 17-38.
55. Olive PJW, Clark RB. 1978. Physiology of reproduction. In Physiology of Annelids, Mill PJ (ed.) Academic Press: London; 271-368.
56. Olsgard F, Brattegard T, Holthe T. 2003. Polychaetes as surrogates for marine biodiversity: lower taxonomic resolution and indicator groups. Biodiversity and Conservation 12: 1033-1049.
57. Papageorgiou N, Arvanitidis C, Eleftheriou A. 2006. Multicausal environmental severity: a flexible framework for microtidal sandy beaches and the role of polychaetes as an indicator taxon. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 70: 643-653.
58. Platell ME, Potter IC. 1996. Influence of water depth, season, habitat and estuary location on the macrobenthic fauna of a seasonally closed estuary. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 76: 1-21.
59. Pocklington P, Wells P. 1992. Polychaetes: key taxa for marine environmental quality monitoring. Marine Pollution Bulletin 24: 593-598.
60. Ponder WF, Hutchings PA, Chapman R. 2002. Overview of the Conservation of Australian marine invertebrates. A report for Environment Australia. http://www.amonline.net.au/invertebrates/marine_overview/index.html [5 April 2013]
61. Post A. 2008. The application of physical surrogates to predict the distribution of marine benthic organisms. Ocean & Coastal Management 51: 161-179.
62. PRIMER 6 & PERMANOVA+. 2002. PRIMER-E, Ivybridge, UK.
63. Ramey P, Bodnar E. 2008. Selection by a deposit feeding polychaete, Polygordius jouinae, for sands with relatively high organic content. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography 53: 1512-1520.
64. Resource Assessment Commission (RAC). 1993. Coastal zone enquiry: final report. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
65. Rhoads DC, Young DK. 1970. The influence of deposit-feeding organisms on sediment stability and community trophic structure. Journal of Marine Research 23: 150-178.
66. Roberts C, Andelman S, Branch G, Bustamante R, Castilla J, Dugan J, Halpern B, Lafferty K, Leslie H, Lubchenco J, et al. 2003. Ecological criteria for evaluating candidate sites for marine reserves. Ecological Applications 13: 199-214.
67. Roy PS. 1983. Quaternary Geology. In Geology of the Sydney 1:100, 000 sheet 9130, Herbert C (ed.) Geological Survey of New South Wales, Department of Mineral Resources: Australia; 41-92.
68. Roy PS, Williams RJ, Jones AR, Yassini I, Gibbs PJ, Coates B, West RJ, Scanes PR, Hudson JP, Nichol S. 2001. Structure and function of south-east Australian estuaries. Marine Coastal and Shelf Science 53: 351-384.
69. Santos S, Simon J. 1974. Distribution and abundance of the polychaetous Annelids in a south Florida estuary. Bulletin of Marine Science 24: 669-689.
70. Shima JS. 2001. Recruitment of a coral reef fish: roles of settlement, habitat and post-settlement losses. Ecology 82: 2190-2199.
71. Shimeta J, Koehl M. 1997. Mechanisms of particle selection by tentaculate suspension feeders during encounter, retention, and handling. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 209: 47-73.
72. Shokri M, Gladstone W. 2013. Limitations of habitats as biodiversity surrogates for conservation planning in estuaries. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 185: 3477-3492.
73. Shokri M, Gladstone W, Kepert A. 2009. Annelids, arthropods or molluscs are suitable as surrogate taxa for selecting conservation reserves in estuaries. Biodiversity and Conservation 18: 1117-1130.
74. Simpson S, Batley G, Chariton A, Stauber J, King C, Chapman J, Hyne R, Gale S, Roach A, Maher W. 2005. Handbook for Sediment Quality Assessment. CSIRO: Australia.
75. Stevens T, Connolly R. 2004. Testing the utility of abiotic surrogates for marine habitat mapping at scales relevant to management. Biological Conservation 119: 351-362.
76. Stevens T, Connolly R. 2005. Local-scale mapping of benthic habitats to assess representation in a marine protected area. Marine and Freshwater Research 56: 111-123.
77. Surugiu V. 2005. The use of polychaetes as indicators of eutrophication and organic enrichment of coastal waters: a study case - Romanian Black Sea coast. Biologie Animal 42: 55-62.
78. Tomiyama T, Komizunai N, Shirase T, Ito K, Omori M. 2008. Spatial intertidal distribution of bivalves and polychaetes in relation to environmental conditions in the Natori River estuary, Japan. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 80: 243-250.
79. Vila-Concejo A, Short AD, Hughes MG, Ranasinghe R. 2007. Flood-tide delta morphodynamics and management implications, Port Stephens, Australia. Journal of Coastal Research 50: 705-709.
80. Voyer M, Gladstone W, Goodall H. 2012. Methods of social assessment in marine protected area planning: is public participation enough? Marine Policy 36: 432-439.
81. Ward T, Hutchings PA. 1996. Effects of trace metals on infaunal species composition in polluted intertidal and subtidal marine sediments near a lead smelter, Spencer Gulf, South Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 135: 122-135.
82. Ward T, Vanderklift M, Nicholls A, Kenchington R. 1999. Selecting marine reserves using habitats and species assemblages as surrogates for biological diversity. Ecological Applications 9: 691-698.
83. Watling L, Norse E. 1998. Disturbance of the seabed by mobile fishing gear: a comparison to forest clear-cutting. Conservation Biology 12: 1180-1197.
84. Wells FE, Walker DI, Hutchings PA. 1991. Seagrass, sediment and infauna - a comparison of Posidonia australis, Posidonia sinuosa, and Amphibolis antarctica in Princess Royal Harbour, south-western Australia. III. Consequences of seagrass loss. In Proceedings of the Third International Marine Biological Workshop: The marine flora and fauna of Albany, Western Australia, Volume 2, Wells FE, Walker DI, Kirkman, H, Lethbridge R (eds). Western Australian Museum: Perth; 635-640.
85. Zacharias MA, Roff JC. 2000. A hierarchical ecological approach to conserving marine biodiversity. Conservation Biology 14: 1327-1334.