Stories, pictures and reality: Two children tell

Stories, Pictures and Reality: Two Children Tell

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-188

  Lowe, Virginia ^a  

^a MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84904942996     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203967980     Document Type: Book

References (169)

1. Alderson, B. (1973) Looking at Picture Books 1973: An exhibition prepared by Brian Alderson and arranged by the National Book League, Oxford: The League.
2. Applebee, A.N. (1978) The Child's Concept of Story: Ages two to seven, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
3. Arizpe, E. and Styles, M. (2003) Children Reading Pictures: Interpreting visual texts, London: RoutledgeFalmer.
4. Astington, J.W. (1994) The Child's Discovery of the Mind, London: Fontana.
5. Baddeley, P. and Eddershaw, C. (1994) Not So Simple Picture Books: Developing responses to literature with 4-12 year olds, Stoke-on-Trent, UK: Trentham Books.
6. Baghban, M. (1984) Our Daughter Learns to Read and Write: A case study from birth to three, Newark, DE: International Reading Association.
7. Bakhtin, M. (1984) Rabelais and His World, trans. Iswolsky, H., Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
8. Barrera, M.E. and Maurer, D. (1981a) 'Discrimination of strangers by the threemonth-old', Child Development, 52: 558-563.
9. Barrera, M.E. (1981b) 'Recognition of mother's photographed face by the three-month-old infant', Child Development, 52: 714-716.
10. Barthes, R. (1977) 'The death of the author', in his Image, Music, Text: Essays, selected and trans. S. Heath, London: Fontana.
11. Bergson, H. (1911) Laughter: An essay on the meaning of the comic, trans. Brereton, C. and Rothwell, F., London: Macmillan.
12. Bissex, G.L. (1980) Gnys at Wrk: A child learns to write and read, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
13. Bloom, P. (2004) Descartes' Baby: How the science of child development explains what makes us human, New York: Basic Books.
14. Booth, W.C. (1983) The Rhetoric of Fiction, 2nd edn, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
15. Booth, W.C. (1988) The Company We Keep: An ethics of fiction, Berkeley: University of California Press.
16. Bourchier, A. and Davis, A. (2002) 'Children's understanding of the pretence-reality distinction: a review of current theory and evidence', Developmental Science, 5: 397-423.
17. Bretherton, I. (1991) 'Intentional communication and the development of an understanding of mind', in Frye, D. and Moore, C. (eds) Children's Theories of Mind: Mental states and social understanding, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
18. Britton, J. (1992) Language and Learning, new edn, London: Penguin.
19. Bromley, H. (1996) 'Spying on pictures with young children', in Watson, V. and Styles, M. (eds) Talking Pictures: Pictorial texts and young readers, London: Hodder & Stoughton.
20. Bruner, J. (1983) In Search of Mind: Essays in autobiography, New York: Harper & Row.
21. Bruner, J. (1986) Actual Minds, Possible Worlds, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
22. Bruner, J. (1987) 'The transactional self ', in Bruner, J. and Haste, H. (eds) Making Sense: The child's construction of the world, London: Methuen.
23. Bruner, J. (1990) Acts of Meaning, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
24. Burt, L.M. and Sugawara, A.I. (1988) 'Children's humor: implications for teaching', Early Child Development and Care, 37: 13-25.
25. Butler, D. (1979) Cushla and Her Books, Auckland: Hodder & Stoughton.
26. Butterworth, G. (1991) 'The ontogeny and phylogeny of joint visual attention', in Whiten, A. (ed.) Natural Theories of Mind: Evolution, development and simulation of everyday mindreading, Oxford: Blackwell.
27. Chambers, A. (1985) 'The reader in the book', in his Booktalk: Occasional writing on literature and children, London: Bodley Head.
28. Chaney, C. (1993) 'Young children's jokes: a cognitive developmental perspective', delivered to Western States Communication Association February 14, 1993. ERIC ED 358 967.
29. Chukovsky, K. (1963) From Two to Five, trans. and ed. Morton, M., Brisbane: Jacaranda Press.
30. Cleary, B. (1982) 'The laughter of children', Horn Book, 58: 555-564.
31. Clements, W. and Perner, J. (1994) 'Implicit understanding of belief ', Cognitive Development, 9: 377-395.
32. Cochran-Smith, M. (1984) The Making of a Reader, Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
33. Cohen, L.B., DeLoache, J.S. and Strauss, M.S. (1979) 'Infant visual perception', in Osofsky, J.D. (ed.) Handbook of Infant Development, New York: Wiley.
34. Crago, H. (1990) 'Childhood reading revisited', Papers: Explorations into children's literature, 1: 99-115.
35. Crago, H. (1993) 'Why readers read what writers write', Children's Literature in Education, 24: 277-289.
36. Crago, M. (1978) 'Missing home, missing mother: one child's preoccupation with their location in picture books, a case study', Orana, 14: 74-78.
37. Crago, M. (1979) 'Incompletely shown objects in children's books: one child's response', Children's Literature in Education, 10: 151-157.
38. Crago, M. and Crago, H. (1983) Prelude to Literacy: A preschool child's encounter with picture and story, Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
39. DeLoache, J.S. (1984) 'What's this? Maternal questions in joint picture book reading with toddlers', ERIC ED 251 176.
40. Dombey, H. (1983) 'Learning the language of books', in Meek, M. (ed.) Opening Moves: Work in progress in the study of children's language development, London: Institute of Education, University of London.
41. Dombey, H. (1992) 'Lessons learnt at bedtime', in Kimberley, K., Meek, M. and Miller, J. (eds) New Readings: Contributions to an understanding of literacy, London: Black.
42. Donaldson, M. (1984) Children's Minds, London: Fontana.
43. Dunn, J. (1991) 'Understanding others: evidence from naturalistic studies of children', in A. Whiten (ed.) Natural Theories of Mind: Evolution, development and simulation of everyday mindreading, Oxford: Blackwell.
44. Dunn, J. and Brown, J. (1994) 'Affect expression in the family, children's understanding of emotions, and their interactions with others', Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 40: 120-137.
45. Eco, U. (1981) The Role of the Reader: Explorations in the semiotics of texts, London: Hutchinson.
46. Engel, S. (1995) The Stories Children Tell: Making sense of the narratives of childhood, New York: Freeman.
47. Fish, S.F. (1980) 'Literature in the reader: Affective stylistics', in Tompkin, J.P. (ed.) Reader-Response Criticism, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
48. Flavell, J.H. (2000) 'Development of children's knowledge about the mental world', International Journal of Behavioral Development, 24: 15-23.
49. Flavell, J.H., Green, F.L. and Flavell, E.R. (1986) 'Development of knowledge about the appearance-reality distinction', Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 51 (1), serial no. 212.
50. Fox, C. (1983) 'Talking like a book', in Meek, M. (ed.) Opening Moves: Work in progress in the study of children's language development, London: Institute of Education, University of London.
51. Fox, C. (1989) 'Children thinking through story', English in Education, 23 (2): 25-36.
52. Fox, C. (1992) ' "You sing so merry those tunes": oral storytelling as a window on young children's language learning', in Kimberley, K., Meek, M. and Miller, J. (eds) New Readings: Contributions to an understanding of literacy, London: Black.
53. Fox, C. (1993) At the Very Edge of the Forest: The influence of literature on storytelling for children, London: Cassell.
54. Fox, G. (1979) 'Dark watchers: young readers and their fiction', English in Education, 13 (1): 32-35.
55. Gardner, H. (1970) 'Children's sensitivity to painting styles', Child Development, 41: 813-821.
56. Gardner, H. (1971) 'Children's literary skills', Journal of Experimental Education, 39: 42-47.
57. Gardner, H. (1973) The Arts and Human Development: A psychological study of the artistic process, New York: Wiley.
58. Gardner, H. (1977) 'Sifting the special from the shared', in Madeja, S.S. (ed.) Arts and Aesthetics: An agenda for the future: based on a conference held at Aspen, Colorado, June 22-25, 1976, St Louis, MO: CEMREL.
59. Gardner, H. and Lohman, W. (1975) 'Children's sensitivity to literary styles', Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 21: 113-126.
60. Gardner, H. et al. (1980) 'Children's literary development: the realms of metaphors and stories', in McGhee, P.E. and Chapman, A.J. (eds) Children's Humour, Chichester: Wiley.
61. Goldthwaite, J. (1996) The Natural History of Make-Believe: A guide to the principal works of Britain, Europe and America, New York: Oxford University Press.
62. Gopnik, A., Meltzoff, A. and Kuhl, P. (1999) How Babies Think: The science of childhood, London: Phoenix.
63. Grahame, K. (1995) Dream Days, Ware, UK: Wordsworth Editions.
64. Green, G.M. (1982) 'Competence for implicit text analysis: Literary style discrimination in five-year-olds', in D. Tannen (ed.) Analyzing Discourse: Text and talk, Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
65. Grieve, R. and Hughes, M. (1990) 'Postmodernism in picture books', Papers: Explorations into children's literature, 4 (3): 15-25.
66. Hardiman, G. and Zernich, T. (1985) 'Discrimination of style in painting: A developmental study', Studies in Art Education, 26: 157-162. References 177
67. Harding, D.W. (1962) 'Psychological processes in the reading of fiction', British Journal of Aesthetics, 2: 133-147.
68. Hardy, B. (1977) 'Narrative as a primary act of mind', in Meek, M., Warlow, A. and Barton, G. (eds) The Cool Web: The pattern of children's reading, London: Bodley Head.
69. Harris, P.L. (1989) Children and Emotion: The development of psychological understanding, Oxford: Blackwell.
70. Heath, S.B. (1986) 'What no bedtime story means: narrative skills at home and school', in Schieffelin, B. and Ochs, E. (eds) Language Socialisation across Cultures, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
71. Hochberg, J. and Brooks, V. (1962) 'Pictorial recognition as an unlearned ability: A study of one child's performance', American Journal of Psychology, 75: 624-628.
72. Holland, K.E., Hungerford, R.A. and Ernst, S.B. (eds) (1993) Journeying: Children responding to literature, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
73. Hollindale, P. (1988) 'Ideology and the children's book', Signal, 55: 3-22.
74. Hollindale, P. (1997) Signs of Childness in Children's Books, Stroud, UK: Thimble Press.
75. Hughes, M. and Donaldson, M. (1979) 'The use of hiding games for studying the coordination of viewpoints', Educational Review, 31: 133-140.
76. Hungerford, R.A. (1993) 'Star Wars and the world beyond', in Holland, K.E., Hungerford, R.A. and Ernst, S.B. (eds) Journeying: Children responding to literature, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
77. Hunt, P. (1991) Criticism, Theory, and Children's Literature, Oxford: Blackwell.
78. Iser, W. (1974) The Implied Reader: Patterns of communication in prose fiction from Bunyan to Beckett, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
79. Iser, W. (1978) The Act of Reading: A theory of aesthetic response, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
80. Jalongo, M.R. (1988) Young Children and Picture Books: Literature from infancy to six, Washington, DC: National Association for the Education of Young Children.
81. Johnson, K.E. and Mervis, C.B. (1997) 'First steps in the emergence of verbal humor: A case study', Infant Behavior and Development, 20(2): 187-196.
82. Johnston, M.C., Roybal, C. and Parsons, M.J. (1988) 'Teaching the concept of style to elementary school age students: A developmental investigation', Visual Arts Research, 14 (2): 57-67.
83. Kappas, K.H. (1967) 'A developmental analysis of children's responses to humor', in Fenwick, S.I. (ed.) A Critical Approach to Children's Literature: The Thirty-First Annual Conference of the Graduate Library School . . . 1966, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
84. Kiefer, B. (1988) 'Picture books as contexts for literary, aesthetic, and real world understandings', Language Arts, 65: 260-271.
85. Kiefer, B. (1993) 'Children's responses to picture books: A developmental perspective', in Holland, K.E., Hungerford, R.A. and Ernst, S.B. (eds) Journeying: Children responding to literature, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann Educational.
86. Holland, K.E. (1995) The Potential of Picturebooks: From visual literacy to aesthetic understanding, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Merrill.
87. Klein, A.J. (ed.) (2003) Humor in Children's Lives: A guidebook for practitioners, Westport, CT: Praeger.
88. Kummering-Meibaur, B. (1999) 'Metalinguistic awareness and the child's developing concept of irony: The relationship between pictures and text in ironic picture books', The Lion and the Unicorn, 23(2): 157-183.
89. Lane, M. (1970) The Tale of Beatrix Potter: A biography, rev. edn, n.p.: Fontana/ Collins.
90. Levin, H. (ed.) (1972) Veins of Humor, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
91. Lewis, P. (1989) Comic Effects: Interdisciplinary approaches to humor in literature, Albany: State University of New York Press.
92. Lowe, V. (1977a) 'Cushla, Carol and Rebecca', Signal, 24: 140-148.
93. Lowe, V. (1977b) 'Peter Rabbit lettuces, or, around Europe with a four-year-old bookworm', Orana, 13: 21-24.
94. Lowe, V. (1979a) Adult, Book, Child, 2nd edn, Melbourne: Australian Library Promotion Council.
95. Lowe, V. (1979b) 'Where the wild things aren't: Books, fantasy and the three year old', Kindergarten Teachers' Association of Victoria News, 4: 12, 15.
96. Lowe, V. (1986) ' "A poetical T. Shandy": Byron's Don Juan and Sterne's Tristram Shandy', unpublished Honours thesis, Monash University.
97. Lowe, V. (1991a) 'Snufkin, Sniff and Little My: the "reality" of fictional characters for the young child', Papers: Explorations into children's literature, 2: 87-96.
98. Lowe, V. (1991b) ' "Stop! You didn't read who wrote it!": the concept of author', Children's Literature in Education, 22: 79-88.
99. Lowe, V. (1991c) ' "Where's Pat Hutchins?" The young child's concept of author', in Sharing Adventures in Literacy: Australian Reading Association, Victorian State Conference, Frankston, Vic.: Australian Reading Association.
100. Lowe, V. (1992) ' "I don't like the bitings": Young children's fear reactions to books', in Towards Excellence in Children's Literature: Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Graduate Diploma in Children's Literature, Toorak, Vic.: Deakin University.
101. Lowe, V. (1994a) ' "What are you writing?": The parent-observer at home', Signal, 75: 182-193.
102. Lowe, V. (1994b) 'Which dreamed it? Two children, philosophy and Alice', Children's Literature in Education, 25: 55-62.
103. Lowe, V. (1995) 'The incongruous, the funny and the real: Young children's humour responses to books', in Making Sense of Humour: Proceedings of the Third Children's Literature Conference . . . Deakin University, Burwood, Vic.: Centre for Cultural Communication and School of Literature and Journalism, Deakin University.
104. Lowe, V. (1996) 'Little fur coats of their own: Clothed animals as metafictional markers and children as their audience', in Bradford, C. (ed.) Writing the Australian Child: Texts and contexts in fictions for children, Perth: University of Western Australia Press in association with Centre for Research in Cultural Communication, Deakin University.
105. Lowe, V. (1997a) 'An audience of "non-peers": Childist criticism and the case study', in Nimon, M. (ed.) Old Neighbours, New Visions: Selected papers from the first conference of Australian Children's Literature Association for Research . . . 1997, Magill, S.A.: Centre for Children's Literature, University of South Australia.
106. Lowe, V. (1997b) 'Flying to pick blueberries: Two preschoolers' literary encounters with other cultures', paper presented at the 11th Congress, International Research Society for Children's Literature.
107. Lowe, V. (1997c) ' "Is this a real story?" Very young children and the understanding of reality and pretence, of realism and fantasy', in Pope, R. (ed.) Making It Real: Proceedings of the Fourth Children's Literature Conference, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic.: Deakin University and the Centre for Cultural Communication.
108. Lowe, V. (2002) Gaps in 'Read-Makers': Young children finding and filling gaps in stories, Double Dialogues, 2. Online. http://www.doubledialogues.com/archive/issue_two/lowe.htm (accessed 25 March 2006).
109. Lurie, A. (1991) Not in Front of the Grown-ups: Subversive children's literature, London: Sphere Books.
110. Lypp, M. (1986) 'Lachen beim Lesen: zum Komischen in der Kinderliteratur', Wirkendes Wort, 36: 439-455.
111. MacDonald, R. (1989) 'Narrative voice and narrative view in Beatrix Potter's books', in Otten, C.F. and Schmidt, G.D. (eds) The Voice of the Narrator in Children's Literature: Insights from writers and critics, New York: Greenwood Press.
112. McGhee, P.E. (1972) 'On the cognitive origins of incongruity humor: fantasy assimilation versus reality assimilation', in Goldstein, J.H. and McGhee, P.E. (eds) The Psychology of Humor: Theoretical perspectives and empirical issues, New York: Academic Press.
113. McGhee, P.E. (1979) Humor: Its origin and development, San Francisco: Freeman.
114. McGhee, P.E. (1980) 'Development of the creative aspects of humor', in McGhee, P.E. and Chapman, A.J. (eds) Children's Humour, Chichester, UK: Wiley.
115. McGhee, P.E. (1989) Humor and Children's Development, New York: Haworth Press.
116. McHale, B. (1987) Postmodernist Fiction, London: Methuen.
117. Mackey, M. (1998) The Case of Peter Rabbit: Changing conditions of literature for children, New York: Garland.
118. Mackey, M. (ed.) (2002) Beatrix Potter's Peter Rabbit: A children's classic at 100, Lanham, MD: Children's Literature Association and Scarecrow Press.
119. Meek, M. (1982) Learning to Read, London: Bodley Head.
120. Meek, M. (1988) How Texts Teach What Readers Learn, Stroud: Thimble Press.
121. Meek, M. (1990) 'Keeping company with Wayne Booth - and others', Signal, 62: 104-113.
122. Meek, M. (1992a) 'Transitions: The notion of change in writing for children', Signal, 67: 13-33.
123. Meek, M. (1992b) 'Children reading - now', in M. Styles, E. Bearne and V. Watson (eds) After Alice: Exploring children's literature, London: Cassell.
124. Meek, M. (1995) 'The constructedness of children', Signal, 76: 5-19.
125. Morison, P. and Gardner, H. (1978) 'Dragons and dinosaurs: The child's capacity to differentiate fantasy from reality', Child Development, 49: 642-648.
126. Nash, W. (1985) The Language of Humour: Style and technique in comic discourse, London: Longman.
127. Navarra, J.G. (1973) The Development of Scientific Concepts in a Young Child: A case study, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Original Publication 1955.
128. Nell, V. (1988) Lost in a Book: The psychology of reading for pleasure, New Haven: Yale University Press.
129. Nelson, K. (ed.) (1989) Narratives from the Crib, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
130. Ninio, A. and Bruner, J. (1976) 'The achievement and antecedents of labelling', Journal of Child Language, 5: 1-15.
131. Nodelman, P. (1981) 'How typical children read typical books', Children's Literature in Education, 12: 177-185.
132. Nodelman, P. (1988)Words about Pictures: The narrative art of children's books, Athens: University of Georgia Press.
133. Nodelman, P. (1996) 'Illustration and picture books', in Hunt, P. (ed.) International Companion Encyclopaedia of Children's Literature, London: Routledge.
134. Onishi, K.H. and Baillargeon, R. (2005) 'Do 15-month-old infants understand false beliefs?', Science, 308: 255-258.
135. Paul, L. (1992) 'Intimations of imitations: Mimesis, fractal geometry and children's literature', in Hunt, P. (ed.) Literature for Children: Contemporary criticism, London: Routledge.
136. Piaget, J. (1954) The Construction of Reality in the Child, trans. Cook, M., New York: Basic Books.
137. Piaget, J. and Inhelder, B. (1956) The Child's Conception of Space, trans. Langdon, F.J. and Lunzer, J.L., London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
138. Pien, D. and Rothbart, M.K. (1980) 'Incongruity humour, play and self regulation of arousal in young children', in McGhee, P.E. and Chapman, A.J. (eds) Children's Humour, Chichester, UK: Wiley.
139. Pitcher, E.G. and Prelinger, E. (1963) Children Tell Stories: An analysis of fantasy, New York: International Universities Press.
140. Rabinowitz, P.J. (1987) Before Reading: Narrative conventions and the politics of interpretation, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
141. Redfern, W.D. (1984) Puns, Oxford: Blackwell.
142. Rose, J. (1984) The Case of Peter Pan: or The impossibility of children's fiction, London: Macmillan.
143. Rosen, M (1996) 'Reading The Beano: A young boy's experience', in Watson, V. and Styles, M. (eds) Talking Pictures: Pictorial texts and young readers, London: Hodder & Stoughton.
144. Rosenblatt, L.M. (1978) The Reader, the Text, the Poem: The transactional theory of the literary work, Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
145. Russell, J.A. (1989) 'Culture, scripts and children's understanding of emotion', in Saarni, C. and Harris, P.L. (eds) Children's Understanding of Emotion, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
146. Scaife, M. and Bruner, J.S. (1975) 'The capacity for joint visual attention in the infant', Nature, 253: 265-266.
147. Schickendanz, J.A. (1990) Adam's Righting Revolutions: One child's literacy development from infancy through Grade One, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
148. Schultz, T.R. and Robillard, J. (1980) 'The development of linguistic humour in children: Incongruity through rule violation', in McGhee, P.E. and Chapman, A.J. (eds) Children's Humour, Chichester, UK: Wiley.
149. Sipe, L.R. (2002) ' "Those two gingerbread boys could be brothers": How children use intertextual connections during storybook readalouds', Children's Literature in Education, 31: 73-90.
150. Smith, F. (1984) 'The creative achievement of literacy', in Goelman, H., Oberg, A.A. and Smith, F. (eds) Awakening to Literacy: The University of Victoria Symposium on Children's Response to a Literate Environment: literacy before schooling, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann Educational.
151. Spufford, F. (2002) The Child That Books Built, London: Faber.
152. Steinberg, D. and DeLoache, J.S. (1986) 'Preschool children's sensitivity to artistic style in paintings', Visual Arts Research, 12: 1-10.
153. Stephens, J. (1992) Language and Ideology in Children's Fiction, London: Longman.
154. Taylor, D. (1983) Family Literacy: Young children learning to read and write, Exeter, NH: Heinemann Educational.
155. Tolkien, J.R.R. (1964) 'On fairy-stories', in his Tree and Leaf, London: Allen & Unwin.
156. Vygotsky, L. (1978) Mind in Society: The development of higher psychological processes, ed. by Cole, M., John-Steiner, V., Scribner, S. and Souberman, E. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
157. Vygotsky, L. (1986) Thought and Language, trans., newly rev. and ed. Kozulin, A., Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
158. Wall, B. (1991) The Narrator's Voice: The dilemma of children's fiction, New York: St Martin's Press.
159. Watson, V. and Styles, M. (eds) (1996) Talking Pictures: Pictorial texts and young readers, London: Hodder & Stoughton.
160. Wellman, H.M. (1990) The Child's Theory of Mind, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
161. Wells, G. and Chang-Wells, G.L. (1992) Constructing Knowledge Together: Classrooms as centers of inquiry and literacy, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann Educational.
162. White, D. (1954) Books before Five, Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.
163. Whitehead, M. (1983) 'Proto-narrative moves in early conversations', in Meek, M. (ed.) Opening Moves: Work in progress in the study of children's language development, London: Institute of Education, University of London.
164. Wier, H.R. (1962) Language in the Crib, The Hague: Mouton.
165. Wimmer, H. and Perner, J. (1983) 'Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception', Cognition, 13: 103-128.
166. Winner, E. (1988) The Point of Words: Children's understanding of metaphor and irony, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
167. Wolf, S.A. (1988) 'The reader, the poem, and play: The braid of literature in the life of a young child', unpublished thesis, University of Utah.
168. Wolf, S.A. and Heath, S.B. (1992) The Braid of Literature: Children's worlds of reading, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
169. Woolley, J.D. and Wellman, H.M. (1990) 'Young children's understanding of realities, nonrealities, and appearances', Child Development, 61: 946-961.