Immunotherapeutic agents in non-small-cell lung cancer finally coming to the front lines

Current Oncology Reports

Volumn 16, Issue 9, 2014, Pages

  Ruiz, Rossana ^a   Hunis, Brian ^b   Raez, Luis E ^b  

^a INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ENFERMEDADES NEOPLÁSICAS   (Peru)

^b FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Anti CTLA4; Anti PD1 PDL1; Immunotherapy; L BLP25; Non small cell lung cancer

Indexed keywords

BELAGENPUMATUCEL L; CARBOPLATIN; CISPLATIN; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN 4 ANTIBODY; GEMCITABINE; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; IPILIMUMAB; MELANOMA ANTIGEN 3; MPDL 3280A; MUCIN 1; NIVOLUMAB; PACLITAXEL; PEMBROLIZUMAB; PROGRAMMED DEATH 1 LIGAND 1; TECEMOTIDE; TG 4010; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; CANCER VACCINE; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTOR; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; TUMOR ANTIGEN;

ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION; ADD ON THERAPY; ADVANCED CANCER; ANTIBODY PRODUCTION; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER SURVIVAL; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; DISEASE FREE INTERVAL; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; GLYCOSYLATION; HUMAN; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; MULTICENTER STUDY (TOPIC); OVERALL SURVIVAL; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SEROCONVERSION; TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT; VACCINATION; CARCINOMA, NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); IMMUNOLOGY; LUNG NEOPLASMS; PROCEDURES;

ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM; CANCER VACCINES; CARCINOMA, NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; HUMANS; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS; IMMUNOTHERAPY, ACTIVE; LUNG NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84904227995     PISSN: 15233790     EISSN: 15346269     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11912-014-0400-6     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61(2):69-90.
2. Johnson DH, Schiller JH, Bunn PA. Recent clinical advances in lung cancer management. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(10):973-82.
3. Rosell R, Skrzypski M, Jassem E, et al. BRCA1: a novel prognostic factor in resected non-small-cell lung cancer. PLoS One. 2007;2(11):e1129.
4. Belalcazar A, Raez LE, Santos ES. Immunotherapy for nonsmall-cell lung cancer. MEMO. 2012;5(2):90-3.
5. Perez CA, Santos ES, Raez LE. Active immunotherapy for non-small- cell lung cancer: moving toward a reality. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011;11(10):1599-605.
6. Finn OJ. Immuno-oncology: understanding the function and dysfunction of the immune system in cancer. Ann Oncol. 2012;23 Suppl 8:viii6-9.
7. Finn OJ. Cancer immunology. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2704-15.
8. Campoli M, Ferrone S, Zea AH, Rodriguez PC, Ochoa AC. Mechanisms of tumor evasion. Cancer Treat Res. 2005;123:61-88.
9. Kelly RJ, Giaccone G. Lung cancer vaccines. Cancer J. 2011;17(5):302-8.
10. Ruffini E, Asioli S, Filosso PL, Lyberis P, Bruna MC, Macrì L, et al. Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in lung neoplasms. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;87(2):365-71. discussion 371-2.
11. Shimizu K, Nakata M, Hirami Y, Yukawa T, Maeda A, Tanemoto K. Tumor-infiltrating Foxp3+ regulatory T cells are correlated with cyclooxygenase-2 expression and are associated with recurrence in resected non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2010;5(5):585-90.
12. Bierie B, Moses HL. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and inflammation in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2010;21(1):49-59.
13. Kong F, Jirtle RL, Huang DH, Clough RW, Anscher MS. Plasma transforming growth factor-beta1 level before radiotherapy correlates with long term outcome of patients with lung carcinoma. Cancer. 1999;86(9):1712-9. (Pubitemid 29513039)
14. Malkoski SP, Haeger SM, Cleaver TG, Rodriguez KJ, Li H, Lu SL, et al. Loss of transforming growth factor beta type II receptor increases aggressive tumor behavior and reduces survival in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(8):2173-83.
15. Nemunaitis J, Dillman RO, Schwarzenberger PO, et al. Phase II study of belagenpumatucel-L, a transforming growth factor beta-2 antisense gene-modified allogeneic tumor cell vaccine in non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:4721-30. (Pubitemid 46630936)
16. •• Giaccone G, Bazhenova L, Nemunaitis J, et al. A phase III study of belagenpumatucel-L therapeutic tumor cell vaccine for non-small cell lung cancer. 2013. European Cancer Congressl. Abstract LBA 2 Presented September 28, 2013. This presents the results of an important first phase III trial done with belangenpumatucel-L that showed a beneficial effect in subgroup analysis.
17. Sienel W, Varwerk C, Linder A, et al. Melanoma associated antigen (MAGE)-A3 expression in stages I and II non-small cell lung cancer: results of a multi-center study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004;25(1):131-4. (Pubitemid 38019071)
18. Gure AO, Chua R, Williamson B, et al. Cancer-testis genes are coordinately expressed and are markers of poor outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:8055-62. (Pubitemid 41698748)
19. Vansteenkiste J, Zielinski M, Linder A, et al. Final results of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase II study to assess the efficacy of MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic as adjuvant therapy in stage IB/II non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol. 2006;s25:7554.
20. GlaxoSmithKline. GSK1572932A Antigen-Specific Cancer Immunotherapeutic as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000. Available from: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00480025?term= NCT00480025&rank=1. Accessed 1 May 2014.
21. • GlaxoSmithKline. Update on phase III clinical trial of investigational MAGE-A3 antigen-specific cancer immunotherapeutic in non-small cell lung cancer. 2014. Available from: http://www.gsk.com/media/press-releases/ 2014/update-on-phase-III-clinical-trial-of-invest igational-MAGE-A3-antigen- specific-cancer-immunotherapeutic-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer.html. Accessed 30 Apr 2014. This is a press release announcing the negative results of the phase III multicenter MAGRIT with the MAGE-A3 vaccine.
22. Raina D, Kosugi M, Ahmad R, et al. Dependence on the MUC1-C oncoprotein in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2011;10(5):806-16.
23. •• Butts C, Socinski MA, Mitchell PL, Thatcher N, Havel L, Krzakowski M, et al. Tecemotide (L-BLP25) versus placebo after chemoradiotherapy for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (START): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(1): 59-68. This presents very important negative results of the phase III trial with the L-BLP25 vaccine but that showed a benefit in the subgroup of patients who underwent chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which is the reason for the ongoing START2 trial.
24. Butts C, Murray N, Maksymiuk A, et al. Randomized phase IIB trial of BLP25 liposome vaccine in stage IIIB and IV non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(27):6674-81. (Pubitemid 46190262)
25. Butts C, Maksymiuk A, Goss G, et al. A multi-centre phase IIB randomized controlled study of BLP25 liposome vaccine (LBLP25 or Stimuvax) for active specific immunotherapy of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC): updated survival analysis: B1-01. J Thorac Oncol. 2007;2(8):s332-3.
26. Dillman RO, Herndon J, Seagren SL, et al. Improved survival in stage III non-small cell lung cancer: seven-year follow-up of cancer and leukemia group B (CALGB) 8433 trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996;88:1210-5. (Pubitemid 26302034)
27. Curran WJ, Paulus R, Langer CJ, et al. Sequential vs concurrent chemoradiation for stage III non-small cell lung cancer: randomized phase III trial RTOG 9410. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103:1452-60.
28. Furuse K, Fukuoka M, Kawahara M, et al. Phase III study of concurrent versus sequential thoracic radiotherapy in combination with mitomycin, vindesine and cisplatin in unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:2692-9. (Pubitemid 29415225)
29. Gelbard A, Garnett CT, Abrams SI, et al. Combination chemotherapy and radiation of human squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck augments CTL-mediated lysis. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12:1897-905.
30. • Wu YL, Park K, Soo RA, et al. INSPIRE: a phase III study of the BLP25 liposome vaccine (L-BLP25) in Asian patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer. 2011;11:430. This is an Asian study that is the "sister" of the START study done in the Western world with the L-BLP25 vaccine.
31. EMD Serono. Tecemotide Following Concurrent Chemo-radiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (START2). In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000. Available from: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02049151?term=start2&rank=1. Accessed 1 May 2014.
32. Ramlau R, Quoix E, Rolski J, et al. A phase II study of Tg4010 (Mva-Muc1-Il2) in association with chemotherapy in patients with stage III/IV non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3(7):735-44.
33. •• Acres B, Quoix E, Ramlau R, et al. Therapeutic vaccination with TG4010 and first-line chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a controlled phase 2B trial. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12(12):1125-33. This presents promissory results of the randomized phase II study with TG4010 that showed a beneficial effect in some subset analyses.
34. Transgene. Phase IIB/III Of TG4010 Immunotherapy In Patients With Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (TIME). In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000. Available from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01383148?term=tg4010&rank=1. Accessed 2 May 2014.
35. Rodriguez G, Airama A, Viña L, et al. Manufacturing process development for an epidermal growth factor-based cancer vaccine. Int Biopharm. 2008;21(10):36-42.
36. González G, Crombet T, Catalá M, et al. A novel cancer vaccine composed of human-recombinant epidermal growth factor linked to a carrier protein: report of a pilot clinical trial. Ann Oncol. 1998;9(4):431-5. (Pubitemid 28273037)
37. González G, Crombet T, Neninger E, Viada C, Lage A. Therapeutic vaccination with epidermal growth factor (EGF) in advanced lung cancer: analysis of pooled data from three clinical trials. Hum Vaccin. 2007;3(1):8-13.
38. Neninger Vinageras E, de la Torre A, Osorio Rodríguez M, et al. Phase II randomized controlled trial of an epidermal growth factor vaccine in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(9):1452-8.
39. Hodi FS, O'Day SJ, McDermott DF, et al. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(8):711-3.
40. Phan GQ, Yang JC, Sherry RM, et al. Cancer regression and autoimmunity induced by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:8372-7. (Pubitemid 36842552)
41. •• Lynch TJ, Bondarenko I, Luft A, Serwatowski P, Barlesi F, Chacko R, et al. Ipilimumab in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin as first-line treatment in stage IIIB/IV non-small-cell lung cancer: results froma randomized, double-blind, multicenter phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(17):2046-54. This is a very important trial, the first phase III trial with ipilimumab in lung cancer. The trial met its primary objective only in the phased ipilimumab arm.
42. Wolchok JD, Hoos A, O'Day S, et al. Guidelines for the evaluation of immune therapy activity in solid tumors: Immune-related response criteria. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15:7412-20.
43. Bristol-Myers Squibb. Trial in Squamous Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Subjects Comparing Ipilimumab Plus Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Versus Placebo Plus Paclitaxel and Carboplatin. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000 Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01285609. Accessed 9 May 2014.
44. Topalian SL, Hodi S, Brahmer JR, et al. Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:2443-54.
45. Brahmer JR, Horn L, Antonia S, et al. Clinical activity and safety of anti-PD1 (BMS-936558, MDX-1106) in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(15 Suppl):7509.
46. •• Brahmer JR, Horn L, Scott A, et al. Survival and long-term follow-up of the phase I trial of nivolumab (anti-PD-1; BMS-936558; ONO-4538) in patients (pts) with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Cln Oncol. 2013;31(1 Suppl):8030. This is a very important publication with the promissory results of the phase I trial of the checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab in NSCLC.
47. •• Garon EB, Balmanoukian A, Hamid O, Hui R, Gandhi L, Leighl N, et al. Abstract A20:MK-3475 monotherapy for previously treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): preliminary safety and clinical activity. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20(2 Suppl):A20. This is a very important publication with the promissory results of the phase I trial of MK-3475 in NSCLC.
48. •• Soria JC, Cruz C, Bahleda R, Delord JP, Horn L, Herbst RS, Spigel D, Mokatrin A, Fine G, Gettinger S. Clinical activity, safety and biomarkers of PD-L1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): additional analyses from a clinical study of the engineered antibody MPDL3280A (anti-PDL1). European Cancer Conference abstract 3408. 2013. This is a very important publication with the promissory results of the phase I trial of MPDL3280A.