Consistency of the current global ocean observing systems from an Argo perspective

Ocean Science

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 547-557

  Von Schuckmann, K ^a   Sallee J B ^b,c   Chambers, D ^d   Le Traon, P Y ^e   Cabanes, C ^f   Gaillard, F ^g   Speich, S ^h   Hamon, M ^e  

^a STATION MARINE D ENDOUME   (France)

^b SORBONNE UNIVERSITÉ   (France)

^c BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^e MERCATOR OCÉAN   (France)

^f STATION DE RADIOASTRONOMIE DE NANÇAY   (France)

^g IFREMER   (France)

^h UNIVERSITÉ DE BRETAGNE OCCIDENTALE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHIPELAGO; ARGO; CLIMATE VARIATION; GLOBAL OCEAN; HEAT TRANSFER; SATELLITE ALTIMETRY; SEA LEVEL; TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; WATER DEPTH;

EID: 84904010559     PISSN: 18120784     EISSN: 18120792     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/os-10-547-2014     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. Ablain, M., Cazenave, A., Valladeau, G., and Guinehut, S.: A new assessment of the error budget of global mean sea level rate estimated by satellite altimetry over 1993-2008, Ocean Sci., 5, 193-201, doi:10.5194/os-5- 193-2009, 2009.
2. doi:10.1002/rog.20022
3. Abraham, J. P., Baringer, M., Bindoff, N. L., Boyer, T., Cheng, L. J., Church, J. A., Conroy, J. L., Domingues, C. M., Fasullo, J. T., Gilson, J., Goni, G., Good, S. A., Gorman, J. M., Gouretski, V., Ishii, M., Johnson, G. C., Kizu, S., Lyman, J. M., Macdonald, A. M., Minkowycz,W. J., Moffitt, S. E., Palmer, M. D., Piola, A. R., Reseghetti, F., Schuckmann, K., Trenberth, K. E., Velicogna, I., and Willis, J. K.: A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change, Rev. Geophys., 51, 450-483, doi:10.1002/rog.20022, 2013. Balmaseda, M. A., Trenberth, K., and Källén, E.: Distinctive climate signals in reanalysis of global ocean heat content, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 1-6, doi:10.1002/grl.50382, 2013.
4. Barker, P. M., Dunn, J. R., Domingues, C. M., and Wijffels, S. E.: Pressure Sensor Drifts in Argo and Their Impacts, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 28, 1036-1049, 2011.
5. Bettadpur, S.: UTCSR Level-2 Processing Standards Document for Level-2 Product Release 0005, GRACE 327-742, CSR Publ. GR-12-xx, Rev 4.0, University of Texas at Austin, 16pp., 2012.
6. Biastoch, A., Böning, C. W., Getzlaff, J., Molines, J.-M., and Madec, G.: Causes of Interannual-Decadal Variability in the Meridional Overturning Circulation of the Midlatitude North Atlantic Ocean, J. Climate, 21, 6599-6615, 2008.
7. Bindoff, N. L., Willebrand, J., Artale, V., Cazenave, A., Gregory, J., Gulev, S., Hanawa, K., Le Quéré, C., Levitus, S., Nojiri, Y., Shum, C. K., Talley, L. D., and Unnikrishnan, A.: Observations: Oceanic climate change and sea level, in: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution ofWorking Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., chap. 5, 385-432, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK, 2007.
8. Bingham, R. J. and Hughes, C. W.: Local diagnostics to estimate density-induced sea level variations over topography and along coastlines, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C01013, doi:10.1029/2011JC007276, 2012.
9. Böning, C., Dispert, A., Visbeck, M., Rintoul, S. R., and Schwartzkopf, F. U.: The response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to recent climate change, Nat. Geosci., 1, 864-869, doi:10.1038/ngeo362, 2008.
10. Böning, C.,Willis, J. K., Landerer, F.W., Nerem, R. S., and Fasullo, J.: The 2011 La Niña: So strong, the oceans fell, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L19602, doi:10.1029/2012GL053055, 2012.
11. Cabanes, C., Grouazel, A., von Schuckmann, K., Hamon, M., Turpin, V., Coatanoan, C., Paris, F., Guinehut, S., Boone, C., Ferry, N., de Boyer Montégut, C., Carval, T., Reverdin, G., Pouliquen, S., and Le Traon, P.-Y.: The CORA dataset: Validation and diagnostics of in-situ ocean temperature and salinity measurements, Ocean Sci., 9, 1-18, doi:10.5194/os-9-1-2013, 2013.
12. Cazenave, A. and Llovel, W.: Contemporary Sea Level Rise, Ann. Rev. Marine Sci., 2, 145-173, doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-120308-081105, 2010.
13. Cazenave, A., Henry, O., Munier, S., Delcroix, T., Gordon, A. L., Meyssignac, B., Llovel, W., Palanisamy, H., and Becker, M.: Estimating ENSO influence on the global mean sea level over 1993-2010, Mar. Geod., 35, 82-97, doi:10.1080/01490419.2012.718209, 2012.
14. Chambers, D. P.: Calculating trends from GRACE in the presence of large changes in ice storage and ocean mass, Geophys. J. Int., 176, 415-419, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.04012.x, 2009.
15. Chambers, D. P.: ENSO-correlated fluctuations in ocean bottom pressure and wind-stress curl in the North Pacific, Ocean Sci., 7, 685-692, doi:10.5194/os-7-685-2011, 2011.
16. Chambers, D. and Schröter, J.: Measuring ocean mass variability from satellite gravimetry, J. Geodynam. 52, 333-343, doi:10.1016/j.jog.2011.04.004, 2011.
17. Chambers, D. P.,Wahr, J., Tamisiea, M. E., and Nerem, R. S.: Ocean mass from GRACE and glacial isostatic adjustment, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B11415, doi:10.1029/2010JB007530, 2010.
18. Chambers, D. P.,Wahr, J., Tamisiea, M. E., and Nerem, R.S.: Reply to comments by Peltier et al., 2012 ("Concerning the Interpretation of GRACE time dependent gravity observations and the influence upon them of rotational feedback in glacial isostatic adjustment"), J. Geophys. Res., 117, doi:10.1029/2012JB009441, 2012.
19. Church, J. A., White, N. J., Konikow, L. F., Domingues, C. M., Cogley, J. G., Rignot, E., Gregory, J. M., van den Broeke, M. R., Monaghan, A. J., and Velicogna, I.: Revisiting the Earth's sea-level and energy budgets from 1961 to 2008, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L18601, doi:10.1029/2011GL048794, 2011.
20. Fasullo, J. T., Boening, C., Landerer, F. W., and Nerem, R. S.: Australia's unique influence on global sea level in 2010-2011, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 4368-4373, doi:10.1002/grl.50834, 2013.
21. Gaillard, F., Autret, E., Thierry, V., Galaup, P., Coatanoan, C., and Loubrieu, T.: Quality control of large Argo data sets, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 26, 337-351, 2009.
22. Ganachaud, A. andWunsch, C.: Improved estimates of global ocean circulation,heat transport and mixing from hydrographic data, Nature, 408, 453-457, 2000.
23. Hansen, J., Sato, M., Kharecha, P., and von Schuckmann, K.: Earth's energy imbalance and implications, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 13421-13449, doi:10.5194/acp-11-13421-2011, 2011.
24. Herraiz-Borreguero, L. and Rintoul, S. R.: Subantarctic Mode Water: Distribution and circulation, Ocean Dynam., 61, 103-126, 2011.
25. Kouketsu, S., Doi, T., Kawano, T., Masuda, S., Sugiura, N., Sasaki, Y., Toyoda, T., Igarashi, H., Kawai, Y., Katsumata, K., Uchida, H., Fukasawa, M., and Awaji, T.: Deep ocean heat content changes estimated from observation and reanalysis product and their influence on sea level change, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C03012, doi:10.1029/2010JC006464, 2011.
26. Leuliette, E.W. and Miller, L.: Closing the sea level rise budget with altimetry, Argo, and GRACE, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L04608, doi:10.1029/2008GL036010, 2009.
27. Leuliette, E. W. and Willis, J. K.: Balancing the sea level budget, Oceanography, 24, 122-129, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2011.32, 2011.
28. Llovel, W., Becker, M., Cazenave, A., Jevrejeva, S., Alkama, R., Decharme, B., Douville, H., Ablain, M., and Beckley, B.: Terrestrial waters and sea level variations on interannual time scale, Global Planet. Change, 75, 76-82, doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.10.008, 2011.
29. Loeb, G. N., Lyman, J. M., Johnson, G. C., Allan, R. P., Doelling, D. R., Wong, T., Soden, B. J., and Stephens, G. L.: Observed changes in top-of-The-Atmosphere radiation and upper-ocean heating consistent within uncertainty, Nat. Geosci., 5, 110-113, doi:10.1038/NGEO1375, 2012.
30. Meehl, G. A., Arblaster, J. M., Fasullo, J. T., Hu, A., and Trenberth, K. E.: Model-based evidence of deep-ocean heat uptake during surface-Temperature hiatus periods, Nat. Clim. Change, 1, 360-364, doi:10.1038/NCLIMATE1229, 2011.
31. Meyssignac, B. and Cazenave, A.: Sea level: A review of presentday and recent-past changes and variability, J. Geodynam., 58, 96-109, doi:10.1016/j.jog.2012.03.005, 2012.
32. Naveira Garabato, A. C., Jullion, L., Stevens, D. P., Heywood, K. J. and King, B. A.: Variability of Subantarctic Mode Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water in the Drake Passage during the late-Twentieth and early-Twenty-first centuries, J. Climate, 22, 3661-3688, 2009.
33. Nerem, R. S., Chambers, D. P., Leuliette, E. W., Mitchum, G. T., and Giese, B. S.: Variations in global mean sea level associated with the 1997-1998 ENSO event: Implications for measuring long term sea level change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3005-3008, 1999.
34. Nerem, R. S., Chambers, D. P., Choe, C., and Mitchum, G. T.: Estimating Mean Sea Level Change from the TOPEX and Jason Altimeter Missions, Mar. Geodesy, 33, 435-446, doi:10.1080/01490419.2010.491031, 2010.
35. Paulson, A., Zhong, S., and Wahr, J.: Inference of mantle viscosity from GRACE and relative sea level data, Geophys. J. Int., 171, 497-508, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03556.x, 2007.
36. Palmer, M. D., McNeall, D. J., and Dunstone, N. J.: Importance of the deep ocean for estimating decadal changes in Earth's radiation balance, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L13707, doi:10.1029/2011GL047835, 2011.
37. Peltier, W. R.: Global Isostasy and the surface of the ice-Age Earth: The ICE-5G (VM2) Model and GRACE, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 32, 111-149, doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.32.082503.144359, 2004.
38. Peltier,W. R.: Closure of the budget of global sea level rise over the GRACE era: The importance and magnitudes of the required corrections for global glacial isostatic adjustment, Quaternary Sci. Rev. 28, 1658-1674, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.04.004, 2009.
39. Peltier, W. R., Drummond, R., and Roy, K.: Comment on "Ocean mass from GRACE and glacial isostatic adjustment" by D. P. Chambers et al., J. Geophys. Res., 117, B11415, doi:10.1029/2010JB007530, 2012.
40. Purkey, S. G. and Johnson, G. C.: Warming of global abyssal and deep Southern Ocean between the 1990s and 2000s: Contributions to global heat and sea level rise budgets, J. Climate, 23, 6336-6351, 2010.
41. Purkey, S. G. and Johnson, G. C.: Antarctic Bottom Water warming and freshening: Contributions to sea level rise, ocean freshwater budgets, and global heat gain, J. Climate, 26, 6105-6122, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00834.1, 2013.
42. Rintoul, S., Huges, C., and Olbers, D.: The Antarctic Circumpolar Current System, Ocean Circulation and limate, edited by: Siedler, G., Church, J., and Gould, J., Academnic Press, Chap. 4.6, 271-302, 2001.
43. Roemmich, D. and the A. S. Team: Argo: The Challenge of Continuing 10 Years of Prog. Oceanogr., 20, 26-35, 2009.
44. Roemmich, D. and Gilson, J.: The 2004-2008 mean and annual cycle of temperature, salinity, and steric height in the global ocean from the Argo Program, Prog. Oceanogr., 82, 81-100, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.03.004, 2009.
45. Roemmich, D. and Gilson, J.: The global ocean imprint of ENSO, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L13606, doi:10.1029/2011GL047992, 2011.
46. Roemmich, D., Gilson, J., Davis, R., Sutton, P., Wijffels, S., and Riser, S.: Decadal spin-up of the South Pacific subtropical gyre, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 162-173, 2007.
47. Saji, N., Goswami, B., Vinayachandran, P., and Yamagata, T.: A dipole mode in the tropical Indian Ocean, Nature, 401, 360-363, 1999. (Pubitemid 29454955)
48. Sallée, J. B., Speer, K., and Morrow, R.: Southern Ocean fronts and their variability to climate modes, J. Climate, 21, 3020-3039, 2008.
49. Schmitz, W. and McCartney, M.: On the North Atlantic circulation, Rev. Geophys., 31, 29-49, 1993.
50. Servain, J., Wainer, I., McCreary, J., and Dessier, A.: Relationship between the equatorial and meridional modes of climatic variability in the tropical Atlantic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 485-488, 1999. (Pubitemid 29280452)
51. Sokolov, S. and Rintoul, S. R.: Circumpolar structure and distribution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts: 2. Variability and relationship to sea surface height, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C11019, doi:10.1029/2008JC005248, 2009.
52. Speer, K., Rintoul, S. R., and Sloyan, B.: The Diabatic Deacon Cell, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 3212-3222, 2000.
53. Sutton, P. and Roemmich, D.: Decadal steric and sea surface height changes in the Southern Hemisphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L08604, doi:10.1029/2011GL046802, 2011.
54. Swenson, S. and Wahr, J.: Methods for inferring regional surface-mass anomalies from GRACE measurements of time-variable gravity, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 2193, doi:10.1029/2001JB000576, 2002.
55. Thompson, D. W. J., Solomon, S., Kushner, P. J., England, M. H., Grise, K. M., and Karoly, D. J.: Signatures of the Antarctic ozone hole in Southern Hemisphere surface climate change, Nat. Geosci., 4, 741-749, doi:10.1038/ngeo1296, 2011.
56. Trenberth, K.: The ocean is warming, isn't it?, Nature, 465, 304-304, 2010.
57. von Schuckmann, K. and Le Traon, P.-Y.: How well can we derive Global Ocean Indicators from Argo data?, Ocean Sci., 7, 783-791, doi:10.5194/os-7-783- 2011, 2011.
58. von Schuckmann, K., Gaillard, F., and Le Traon, P. Y., : Global hydrographic variability patterns during 2003-2008, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C09007, doi:10.1029/2008JC005237, 2009.
59. Wang, C., Deser, C., Yu, J.-Y., DiNezio, P., and Clement, A.: El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO): Review. Coral Reefs of the Eastern Pacific (Springer, Berlin), 3-19, 2012.
60. Willis, J. K., Chambers, D. P., and Nerem, R. S.: Assessing the globally averaged sea level budget on seasonal to interannual timescales, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C06015, doi:10.1029/2007JC004517, 2008.
61. Willis, J. K., Lymann, J. M., Johnson, G. C., and Gilson, J.: In situ data biases and recent ocean heat content variability, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 26, 846-852, 2009.