The relationships among working memory, math anxiety, and performance

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

Volumn 130, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 224-237

  Ashcraft, Mark H ^a   Kirk, Elizabeth P ^b  

^a CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDIVIDUALITY; MALE; MATHEMATICS; PROBLEM SOLVING; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REACTION TIME; RECALL;

ADULT; ANXIETY; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; MALE; MATHEMATICS; MENTAL RECALL; PROBLEM SOLVING; REACTION TIME;

EID: 84903997242     PISSN: 00963445     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.130.2.224     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Alexander, L., & Martray, C. (1989). The development of an abbreviated version of the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 22, 143-150.
2. Ashcraft, M. H. (1992). Cognitive arithmetic: A review of data and theory. Cognition, 44, 75-106.
3. Ashcraft, M. H. (1995). Cognitive psychology and simple arithmetic: A review and summary of new directions. Mathematical Cognition, 1, 3-34.
4. Ashcraft, M. H., Copeland, D. E., Vavro, C., & Falk, R. (1999). Working memory and mental addition. Unpublished manuscript.
5. Ashcraft, M. H., & Faust, M. W. (1994). Mathematics anxiety and mental arithmetic performance: An exploratory investigation. Cognition and Emotion, 8, 97-125.
6. Ashcraft, M. H., & Kirk, E. P. (1998). The relationships among working memory, math anxiety, math competence, and attitudes toward math. Unpublished manuscript.
7. Ashcraft, M. H., Kirk, E. P., & Hopko, D. (1998). On the cognitive consequences of mathematics anxiety. In C. Donlan (Ed.), The development of mathematical skills (pp. 175-196). East Sussex, Great Britain: Psychology Press.
8. Baddeley, A. D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
9. Baddeley, A. D. (1992). Is working memory working? The Fifteenth Bartlett lecture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 44A, 1-31.
10. Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 8, pp. 47-90). New York: Academic Press.
11. Butterworth, B., Cipolotti, L., & Warrington, E. K. (1996). Short-term memory impairment and arithmetical ability. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 49A, 251-262.
12. Conway, A. R. A., & Engle, R. W. (1994). Working memory and retrieval: A resource-dependent inhibition model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 123, 354-373.
13. Dark, V. J., & Benbow, C. P. (1990). Enhanced problem translation and short-term memory: Components of mathematical talent. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 420-429.
14. Dark, V. J., & Benbow, C. P. (1991). Differential enhancement of working memory with mathematical versus verbal precocity. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83, 48-60.
15. Darke, S. (1988). Effects of anxiety on inferential reasoning task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 499-505.
16. Eysenck, M. W. (1985). Anxiety and cognitive-task performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 6, 579-586.
17. Eysenck, M. W. (1992). Anxiety: The cognitive perspective. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
18. Eysenck, M. W., & Calvo, M. G. (1992). Anxiety and performance: The processing efficiency theory. Cognition and Emotion, 6, 409-434.
19. Faust, M. W. (1992). Analysis of physiological reactivity in mathematics anxiety. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio.
20. Faust, M. W., Ashcraft, M. H., & Fleck, D. E. (1996). Mathematics anxiety effects in simple and complex addition. Mathematical Cognition, 2, 25-62.
21. Fennema, E. (1989). The study of affect and mathematics: A proposed generic model for research. In D. B. McLeod & V. M. Adams (Eds.), Affect and mathematical problem solving: A new perspective (pp. 205-219). New York: Springer-Verlag.
22. Fleck, D. E., Sloan, J., Ashcraft, M. H., Slane, S., & Strakowski, S. M. (1998). Testing mathematics anxiety: Psychometric characteristics of the sMARS. Manuscript submitted for publication.
23. Geary, D. C., & Widaman, K. F. (1992). Numerical cognition: On the convergence of componential and psychometric models. Intelligence, 16, 47-80.
24. Groen, G. J., & Parkman, J. M. (1972). A chronometric analysis of simple addition. Psychological Review, 79, 329-343.
25. Hamilton, P., Hockey, T., & Rejman, M. (1977). The place of the concept of activation in human information processing: An integrative approach. In S. Dornic (Ed.), Attention and performance (Vol. 6; pp. 463-486). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
26. Hembree, R. (1990). The nature, effects, and relief of mathematics anxiety. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 21, 33-46.
27. Hitch, G. J. (1978). The role of short-term working memory in mental arithmetic. Cognitive Psychology, 10, 302-323.
28. Hopko, D. R., Ashcraft, M. H., Gute, J., Ruggiero, K. J., & Lewis, C. (1998). Mathematics anxiety and working memory: Support for the existence of a deficient inhibition mechanism. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 12, 343-355.
29. Jonides, J. (1995). Working memory and thinking. In E. E. Smith & D. N. Osherson (Eds.), An invitation to cognitive science: Thinking (Vol. 3, pp. 215-265). Cambridge, MA: Bradford.
30. Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A. (1992). A capacity theory of comprehension: Individual differences in working memory. Psychological Review, 99, 122-149.
31. Kahneman, D. (1973). Attention and effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
32. LeFevre, J., Greenham, S. L., & Waheed, N. (1993). The development of procedural and conceptual knowledge in computational estimation. Cognition and Instruction, 11, 95-132.
33. Lemaire, P., Abdi, H., & Fayol, M. (1996). The role of working memory resources in simple cognitive arithmetic. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 8, 73-103.
34. Logan, G. D., & Klapp, S. T. (1991). Automatizing alphabet arithmetic: I. Is extended practice necessary to produce automaticity? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17, 179-195.
35. Logie, R. H., Gilhooly, K. J., & Wynn, V. (1994). Counting on working memory in arithmetic problem solving. Memory & Cognition, 22, 395-410.
36. Mandler, G. (1989). Affect and learning: Causes and consequences of emotional interaction. In D. B. McLeod & V. M. Adams (Eds.), Affect and mathematical problem solving: A new perspective (pp. 3-19). New York: Springer-Verlag.
37. McLeod, D. B., & Adams, V. M. (Eds.). (1989). Affect and mathematical problem solving: A new perspective. New York: Springer-Verlag.
38. MEL Professional 2.01 [Computer software]. (1995). Pittsburgh, PA: Psychology Software Tools, Inc.
39. Richardson, F. C., & Suinn, R. M. (1972). The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 19, 551-554.
40. Richardson, J. T. E., Engle, R. W., Hasher, L., Logie, R. H., Stoltzfus, E. R., & Zacks, R. T. (Eds.). (1996). Working memory and human cognition. New York: Oxford University Press.
41. Rosen, V. M., & Engle, R. W. (1997). The role of working memory capacity in retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126, 211-227.
42. Salthouse, T. A., & Babcock, R. L. (1990). Computation span and listening span tasks. Unpublished manuscript, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta.
43. Schneider, W. (1988). Micro Experimental Laboratory: An integrated system for IBM PC compatibles. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 20, 206-217.
44. Sorg, B., & Whitney, P. (1992). The effect of trait anxiety and situational stress on working memory capacity. Journal of Research in Personality, 26, 235-241.
45. Widaman, K. F., Geary, D. C., Cormier, P., & Little, T. D. (1989). A componential model for mental addition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 898-919.