Is pentobarbital safe and efficacious in the treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus: A cohort study

Critical Care

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2014, Pages

  Pugin, Deborah ^a   Foreman, Brandon ^a   De Marchis, Gian M ^a   Fernandez, Andres ^a   Schmidt, J M ^a   Czeisler, Barry M ^a   Mayer, Stephan A ^a   Agarwal, Sachin ^a   Lesch, Christine ^b   Lantigua, Hector ^a   Claassen, Jan ^a  

^a Division of Critical Care Neurology Department of Neurology Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons ^*  (United States)

^b NEW YORK PRESBYTERIAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PENTOBARBITAL;

ACIDOSIS; ADULT; ARTICLE; BRADYCARDIA; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN EDEMA; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DISEASE DURATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EPILEPTIC STATE; FEMALE; HEART ARREST; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; ILEUS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; NEUROPATHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUPER REFRACTORY STATUS EPILEPTICUS; SYMPTOMATIC EPILEPSY; TREATMENT DURATION; URINARY TRACT INFECTION; VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; WAKEFULNESS; WITHDRAWAL SEIZURE; AGED; CHEMICALLY INDUCED; COHORT ANALYSIS; DRUG EFFECTS; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MIDDLE AGED; PNEUMONIA; PROCEDURES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; COHORT STUDIES; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPOTENSION; INFUSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PENTOBARBITAL; PNEUMONIA; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84903936197     PISSN: 13648535     EISSN: 1466609X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/cc13883     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Holtkamp M, Othman J, Buchheim K, Meierkord H. Predictors and prognosis of refractory status epilepticus treated in a neurological intensive care unit. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005, 76:534-539.
2. Lowenstein DH. The management of refractory status epilepticus: an update. Epilepsia 2006, 47:35-40.
3. Mayer SA, Claassen J, Lokin J, Mendelsohn F, Dennis LJ, Fitzsimmons BF. Refractory status epilepticus: frequency, risk factors, and impact on outcome. Arch Neurol 2002, 59:205-210.
4. Novy J, Logroscino G, Rossetti AO. Refractory status epilepticus: a prospective observational study. Epilepsia 2010, 51:251-256.
5. Cooper AD, Britton JW, Rabinstein AA. Functional and cognitive outcome in prolonged refractory status epilepticus. Arch Neurol 2009, 66:1505-1509.
6. Rossetti AO, Logroscino G, Bromfield EB. Refractory status epilepticus: effect of treatment aggressiveness on prognosis. Arch Neurol 2005, 62:1698-1702.
7. Brophy GM, Bell R, Claassen J, Alldredge B, Bleck TP, Glauser T, Laroche SM, Riviello JJ, Shutter L, Sperling MR, Treiman DM, Vespa PM. Neurocritical Care Society Status Epilepticus Guideline Writing Committee: Guidelines for the evaluation and management of status epilepticus. Neurocrit Care 2012, 17:3-23.
8. Shorvon S, Ferlisi M. The treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus: a critical review of available therapies and a clinical treatment protocol. Brain 2011, 134:2802-2818.
9. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Mayer SA. Treatment of status epilepticus: a survey of neurologists. J Neurol Sci 2003, 211:37-41.
10. Meierkord H, Boon P, Engelsen B, Gocke K, Shorvon S, Tinuper P, Holtkamp M. EFNS guideline on the management of status epilepticus in adults. Eur J Neurol 2010, 17:348-355.
11. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, Mayer SA. Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review. Epilepsia 2002, 43:146-153.
12. Shorvon S, Ferlisi M. The outcome of therapies in refractory and super-refractory convulsive status epilepticus and recommendations for therapy. Brain 2012, 135:2314-2328.
13. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, Bates JE, Thompson TB, Mayer SA. Continuous EEG monitoring and midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Neurology 2001, 57:1036-1042.
14. Fernandez A, Lantigua H, Lesch C, Shao B, Foreman B, Schmidt JM, Hirsch LJ, Mayer SA, Claassen J. High-dose midazolam infusion for refractory status epilepticus. Neurology 2014, 82:359-365.
15. Foreman B, Hirsch LJ. Epilepsy emergencies: diagnosis and management. Neurol Clin 2012, 30:11-41.
16. Drislane FW, Blum AS, Lopez MR, Gautam S, Schomer DL. Duration of refractory status epilepticus and outcome: loss of prognostic utility after several hours. Epilepsia 2009, 50:1566-1571.
17. Kowalski RG, Ziai WC, Rees RN, Werner JK, Kim G, Goodwin H, Geocadin RG. Third-line antiepileptic therapy and outcome in status epilepticus: the impact of vasopressor use and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 2012, 40:2677-2684.
18. Krishnamurthy KB, Drislane FW. Relapse and survival after barbiturate anesthetic treatment of refractory status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1996, 37:863-867.
19. Lowenstein DH. Status epilepticus: an overview of the clinical problem. Epilepsia 1999, 40:S3-S8.
20. Osorio I, Reed RC. Treatment of refractory generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus with pentobarbital anesthesia after high-dose phenytoin. Epilepsia 1989, 30:464-471.
21. Parviainen I, Uusaro A, Kalviainen R, Kaukanen E, Mervaala E, Ruokonen E. High-dose thiopental in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus in intensive care unit. Neurology 2002, 59:1249-1251.
22. Rashkin MC, Youngs C, Penovich P. Pentobarbital treatment of refractory status epilepticus. Neurology 1987, 37:500-503.
23. Van Ness PC. Pentobarbital and EEG burst suppression in treatment of status epilepticus refractory to benzodiazepines and phenytoin. Epilepsia 1990, 31:61-67.
24. Yaffe K, Lowenstein DH. Prognostic factors of pentobarbital therapy for refractory generalized status epilepticus. Neurology 1993, 43:895-900.
25. Young GB, Blume WT, Bolton CF, Warren KG. Anesthetic barbiturates in refractory status epilepticus. Can J Neurol Sci 1980, 7:291-292.
26. Prasad A, Worrall BB, Bertram EH, Bleck TP. Propofol and midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. Epilepsia 2001, 42:380-386.
27. Shorvon S. The management of status epilepticus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001, 70:II22-II27.
28. Glaser CA, Gilliam S, Honarmand S, Tureen JH, Lowenstein DH, Anderson LJ, Bollen AW, Solbrig MV. Refractory status epilepticus in suspect encephalitis. Neurocrit Care 2008, 9:74-82.
29. Koubeissi M, Alshekhlee A. In-hospital mortality of generalized convulsive status epilepticus: a large US sample. Neurology 2007, 69:886-893.
30. Logroscino G, Hesdorffer DC, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA. Short-term mortality after a first episode of status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1997, 38:1344-1349.
31. Rossetti AO, Logroscino G, Bromfield EB. A clinical score for prognosis of status epilepticus in adults. Neurology 2006, 66:1736-1738.
32. Towne AR, Pellock JM, Ko D, DeLorenzo RJ. Determinants of mortality in status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1994, 35:27-34.