Pro Re nata (as needed) psychotropic medication use in patients with borderline personality disorder and subjects with other personality disorders over 14 years of prospective follow-up

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology

Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 499-503

  Martinho, Eduardo ^a,b   Fitzmaurice, Garrett M ^a,c   Frankenburg, Frances R ^a,d   Zanarini, Mary C ^a,c  

^a MCLEAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^c BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

borderline personality disorder; longitudinal course; pro re nata; psychotropic drugs; recovery

Indexed keywords

PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT;

ADULT; AGITATION; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; BORDERLINE STATE; DIAGNOSIS RELATED GROUP; DRUG USE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONING; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICATION THERAPY MANAGEMENT; PERSONALITY DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SLEEP QUALITY; SOCIAL STATUS; BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER; DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PERSONALITY DISORDERS; PSYCHOLOGY; SINGLE BLIND PROCEDURE; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; MALE; PERSONALITY DISORDERS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS; SINGLE-BLIND METHOD; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84903740164     PISSN: 02710749     EISSN: 1533712X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000000132     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Craig TJ, Bracken J. An epidemiologic study of prn/stat medication use in a state psychiatric hospital. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 1995;7:57-64.
2. Stein-Parbury J, Reid K, Smith N, et al. Use of pro re nata medications in acute inpatient care. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2008;42:283-292. (Pubitemid 351386488)
3. Ansari A, Osser DN, Lai LS, et al. Pharmacological approach to the psychiatric inpatient. In: Ovsiew F, Munich RL, eds. Principles of Inpatient Psychiatry. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009;3:43.
4. Baker JA, Lovell K, Harris N, et al. Multidisciplinary consensus of best practice for pro re nata (PRN) psychotropic medications within acute mental health settings: a Delphi study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2007;14:478-484.
5. Chakrabarti A, Whicher E, Morrison M, et al. 'As required' medication regimens for seriously mentally ill people in hospital. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(3):CD003441.
6. Davies SJ, Lennard MS, Ghahramani P, et al. PRN prescribing in psychiatric inpatients: potential for pharmacokinetic drug interactions. J Psychopharmacol. 2007;21:153-160. Erratum in: J Psychopharmacol. 2008;22:698. (Pubitemid 46280472)
7. Baker JA, Bowers L, Owiti JA. Wards features associated with high rates of medication refusal by patients: a large multi-centred survey. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2009;31:80-89.
8. Thapa PB, Palmer SL, Owen RR, et al. P.R.N. (As-needed) orders and exposure of psychiatric inpatients to unnecessary psychotropic medications. Psychiatr Serv. 2003;54:1282-1286.
9. Vita A, De Peri L, Sacchetti E. Antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and placebo on the symptom dimensions of borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled and open-label trials. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011;31:613-624.
10. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Hennen J, et al. The longitudinal course of borderline psychopathology: 6-year prospective follow-up of the phenomenology of borderline personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160:274-283. (Pubitemid 41110452)
11. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Khera GS, et al. Treatment histories of borderline inpatients. Compr Psychiatry. 2001;42:144-150. (Pubitemid 32207250)
12. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon M, et al. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). I: History, rationale, and description. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992;49:624-629.
13. Zanarini MC, Gunderson JG, Frankenburg FR, et al. The Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines: discriminating BPD from other axis II disorders. J Personal Disord. 1989;3:10-18. (Pubitemid 19123799)
14. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Chauncey DL, et al. The Diagnostic Interview for Personality Disorders: interrater and test-retest reliability. Compr Psychiatry. 1987;28:467-480. (Pubitemid 18018773)
15. Zanarini MC, Sickel AE, Yong L, et al. Revised Borderline Follow-up Interview. Belmont, MA: McLean Hospital; 1994.
16. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Hennen J, et al. Mental health service utilization by borderline personality disorder patients and Axis II comparison subjects followed prospectively for 6 years. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65:28-36.
17. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Vujanovic AA. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines. J Pers Disord. 2002;16:270-276. (Pubitemid 34734446)
18. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR. Attainment and maintenance of reliability of axis I and II disorders over the course of a longitudinal study. Compr Psychiatry. 2001;42:369-374. (Pubitemid 32884844)
19. Hollingshead AB. Two-Factor Index of Social Position. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Department of Sociology; 1965.
20. Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Uchida H, et al. Absence of evidence that the pro re nata regimen confers benefit: a review of the studies. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2013;28:228-237.
21. Gardner DL, Cowdry RW. Alprazolam-induced dyscontrol in borderline personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1985;142:98-100. (Pubitemid 15189529)
22. Cole JO, Kando JC. Adverse behavioral events reported in patients taking alprazolam and other benzodiazepines. J Clin Psychiatry. 1993;(suppl 54):49-61; discussion 62-63.
23. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Fitzmaurice G. Defense mechanisms reported by patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects over 16 years of prospective follow-up: description and prediction of recovery. Am J Psychiatry. 2013;170:111-120.
24. Duggan C. Treating personality disorder in community mental health teams: Commentary on Use of psychotropic medication among psychiatric out-patients with personality disorder. Psychiatr Bull. 2010;34:86-88.
25. Bateman AW, Krawitz R. Borderline Personality Disorder: An Evidence-Based Guide for Generalist Mental Health Professionals. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 2013.
26. Zanarini MC, Schulz SC, Detke H, et al. Open-label treatment with olanzapine for patients with borderline personality disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012;32:398-402.
27. Westra HA, Stewart SH, Conrad BE. Naturalistic manner of benzodiazepine use and cognitive behavioral therapy outcome in panic disorder with agoraphobia. J Anxiety Disord. 2002;16:233-246. (Pubitemid 34761850)
28. Hunter RH. Treatment, management, and control: improving outcomes through more treatment and less control. New Dir Ment Health Serv. 2000;88:5-15.
29. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Reich DB, et al. Attainment and stability of sustained symptomatic remission and recovery among patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects: a 16-year prospective follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry. 2012;169: 476-483.
30. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Hennen J, et al. The McLean Study of Adult Development (MSAD): overview and implications of the first six years of prospective follow-up. J Pers Disord. 2005;19:505-523. (Pubitemid 41618524)
31. Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Reich DB, et al. The subsyndromal phenomenology of borderline personality disorder: a 10-year follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry. 2007;164:929-935. (Pubitemid 46972909)