Windshield wilderness: Cars, roads, and nature in Washington's national parks

Windshield Wilderness: Cars, Roads, and Nature in Washington's National Parks

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-240

  Louter, David ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84903683208     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (226)

1. Abbey, Edward. Desert Solitaire: A Season in the Wilderness. New York: Ballantine Books, 1968.
2. Adams, Ansel. "Tenaya Tragedy." Sierra Club Bulletin 43(November 1958):1-4.
3. Albright, Horace M., and Robert Cahn. The Birth of the National Park Service: The Founding Years, 1913-1933. Salt Lake City: Howe Brothers, 1985.
4. -. "The Everlasting Wilderness." The Saturday Evening Post 201(September 29, 1928):28, 68.
5. Allaback, Sarah. Mission 66 Visitor Centers: The History of a Building Type. Washington, D. C.: National Park Service, 2000.
6. Athearn, Robert. The Mythic West in Twentieth-Century America. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1986.
7. Averill, Walter A. "Building a Highway across the West Slope of the Olympic Peninsula." Pacific Builder and Engineer 37(August 1, 1931):24-31.
8. Baldwin, Sara B., Gary E. Machlis, and Darryll R. Johnson. Visitor Services Project, Report 5: North Cascades National Park Service Complex, vol. 1. Cooperative Park Studies Units, University of Idaho, University of Washington, 1985.
9. Balogh, Brian. "Reorganizing the Organizational Synthesis: Federal Professional Relations in Modern America." Studies in American Political Development 5(Spring 1991):119-47.
10. Barbour, Michael G. "Ecological Fragmentation in the Fifties." In Cronon, Uncommon Ground, 233-55.
11. Barringer, Mark Daniel. Selling Yellowstone: Capitalism and the Construction of Nature. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2002.
12. Beezley, B. F. "Report of Investigation to Determine Eligibility of Dosewallips-East Fork Route and North Fork Elwha Routes for Classification as Forest Highway." Bureau of Public Roads, September 1926.
13. Belasco, Warren James. Americans on the Road: From Autocamp to Motel, 1910-1945. Boston: MIT Press, 1979.
14. -. "Commercialized Nostalgia: The Origins of the Roadside Strip. " In The Automobile and American Culture, David L. Lewis and Laurence Goldstein, eds., 105-122. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1980.
15. Bettis, William Charles. A Trip to the Pacific Coast by Automobile: Camping All the Way. Toledo, OH: Booth Typesetting Company, c. 1922.
16. Brant, Irving. Adventures in Conservation with Franklin D. Roosevelt. Flagstaff, AZ: Northland Publishing, 1988.
17. Brower, David R. "Crisis in the Northern Cascades: The Missing Million. " Sierra Club Bulletin (February 1959).
18. Quoted in The Living Wilderness 24(Spring 1959):35.
19. -. "Wilderness Alps of Stehekin. " The Living Wilderness 23(Autumn 1958):18-24.
20. Bryce, James. "National Parks-The Need and the Future." In University and Historical Addresses, 393-94, 397-401. New York: Macmillan, 1913.
21. Reprinted in Mirror of America: Literary Encounters with the National Parks, David Harmon, ed., 123-27. Boulder, CO: Roberts Rinehart, Inc., 1989.
22. Caesar, George Vanderbilt. "National Parks or City Parks?" The Saturday Evening Post 200(October 22, 1927):54.
23. Callicott, J. Baird, and Michael P. Nelson, eds. The Great New Wilderness Debate. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998.
24. Cammerer, Arno B. "Standards and Policies in National Parks." In American Planning and Civic Annual, Harlean James, ed., 17-19. Washington, D. C.: American Planning and Civic Association, 1936.
25. Carr, Ethan. "Setting Sail on the Ship of State: Landscape Architecture in the National Park Service." CRM 19, no. 9(1996):5-9.
26. -. Wilderness by Design: Landscape Architecture and the National Park Service. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998.
27. Catton, Theodore. "The Campaign to Establish Mount Rainier National Park, 1893-1899." Pacific Northwest Quarterly 88(Spring 1997):70-81.
28. -. Inhabited Wilderness: Indians, Eskimos, and National Parks in Alaska. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1997.
29. -. Wonderland: An Administrative History of Mount Rainier National Park. Seattle: National Park Service, 1996.
30. Chase, Alston. Playing God in Yellowstone: The Destruction of American's First National Park. Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1986.
31. Chittenden, Hiram M. Yellowstone National Park. 1895. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1933.
32. Clary, David A. Timber and the Forest Service. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1986.
33. Cohen, Michael P. The History of the Sierra Club, 1892-1970. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1988.
34. Conzen, Michael P., ed. The Making of an American Landscape. Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1990.
35. Cosgrove, Denis E. Social Formation and Symbolic Landscape. 1984. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1998.
36. Cox, Thomas R. The Park Builders: A History of State Parks in the Pacific Northwest. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1988.
37. Cronon, William. Nature's Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1991.
38. -. "The Riddle of the Apostles." Orion (May-June 2003), http://www.oriononline.org/pages/om/03-3om/Cronon.html.
39. -. "The Trouble with Wilderness; or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature." In Cronon, Uncommon Ground, 69-90.
40. -, ed. Uncommon Ground: Toward Reinventing Nature. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1995.
41. Culpin, Mary Shivers. The History of the Construction of the Road System in Yellowstone National Park, 1872-1966: Historic Resource Study Volume I. Denver: National Park Service, 1994.
42. Cutler, Phoebe. The Public Landscape of the New Deal. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985.
43. Davis, Timothy Mark. "Mount Vernon Memorial Highway: Changing Conceptions of an American Commemorative Landscape." In Places of Commemoration: Search for Identity and Landscape Design, Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn, ed., 131-84. Washington, D. C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 2001.
44. -. "Mount Vernon Memorial Parkway and the Evolution of the American Parkway." PhD diss., University of Texas at Austin, 1997.
45. Department of the Interior. Administrative Policies for Natural Areas of the National Park System. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1970.
46. Department of the Interior. Administrative Policies for Recreation Areas of the National Park System. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1968.
47. Department of the Interior. Annual Reports of the Secretary of the Interior [1903-1911] and Annual Reports of the Department of the Interior [1912-1917]. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1903-1918.
48. Department of the Interior. Proceedings of the National Park Conference Held at Berkeley, California, March 11, 12, and 13, 1915. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1915.
49. Department of the Interior. Proceedings of the National Park Conference Held at Yellowstone, 1911. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1911.
50. Department of the Interior. Proceedings of the National Park Conference, 1912. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1912.
51. Department of the Interior. Reports of the Director of the National Park Service. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1917-1930.
52. Department of the Interior and Department of Agriculture. The North Cascades: A Report to the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Department of the Interior and Department of Agriculture, October 1967.
53. Diggins, John. The Proud Decades: America in War and Peace, 1941-1960. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1988.
54. Dilsaver, Lary M., ed. America's National Park System: The Critical Documents. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 1994.
55. Douglas, William O. My Wilderness: The Pacific West. Sausalito, CA: Comstock Editions, 1960.
56. Editorial, Pacific Builder and Engineer 78(September 1, 1972):14, 16.
57. Edge, Rosalie. Roads and More Roads in the National Parks and National Forests. Emergency Conservation Committee Publication No. 54, March 1936.
58. Eliot, Charles W., II. "The Influence of the Automobile on the Design of Park Roads." Landscape Architecture 13(October 1922):28.
59. Environmental History 1 (January 1996).
60. Evans, Gail. Historic Resource Study: Olympic National Park. Seattle: National Park Service, 1983.
61. Farmer, Jared. "Field Notes: Glen Canyon and the Persistence of Wilderness." Western Historical Quarterly 27(Summer 1996):211-22.
62. Findlay, John M. "Far Western Cityscapes and American Culture Since 1940." Western Historical Quarterly 22(February 1991):19-43.
63. -. Magic Lands: Western Cityscapes and American Culture after 1940. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.
64. Flink, James, J. The Automobile Age. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988.
65. Foresta, Ronald A. America's National Parks and Their Keepers. Washington, D. C.: Resources for the Future, Inc., 1984.
66. Fox, Stephen. John Muir and His Legacy: The American Conservation Movement. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1981.
67. Freemuth, John C. Islands under Siege: National Parks and the Politics of External Threats. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1991.
68. Fromme, Michael. Regreening the National Parks. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1992.
69. Georgette, Susan E., and Ann H. Harvey. Local Influence and the National Interest: Ten Years of National Park Service Administration in the Stehekin Valley, Washington. Publication No. 4, Environmental Field Program. Santa Cruz: University of California, 1980.
70. "Glacier Peak Designated." The Living Wilderness 26(Autumn-Winter 1961):36-40.
71. "Glaciers and Gasoline: Motoring in Mt. Rainier National Park." Sunset 28(January 1912):41-47.
72. Glover, James M. "Romance, Recreation, and Wilderness: Influences on the Life and Work of Bob Marshall." Environmental History Review 14(Winter 1990):23-39.
73. -. A Wilderness Original: The Life of Bob Marshall. Seattle: The Mountaineers, 1986.
74. Goetzmann, William H., and Kay Sloan. Looking Far North: The Harriman Expedition to Alaska, 1899. New York: Viking, 1982.
75. Good, Albert H., ed. Park and Recreation Structures. 3 vols. Washington, D. C.: National Park Service, 1938. Repr., Boulder, CO: Graybooks, 1990.
76. Greeley, William B. "Recreation in the National Forests." In Picturesque America: An Illustrated Volume with Descriptive Text, John F. Kane, ed., 33-41. New York: Union Library Association, 1925.
77. Guiles, Harry F. Beauties in the State of Washington: A Book for Tourists. Olympia, WA: F. M. Lamborn, Public Printer, 1921.
78. Hartzog, George B., Jr. Battling for the National Parks. Mt. Kisco, NY: Moyer Bell Limited, 1988.
79. Harvey, Mark W. T. A Symbol of Wilderness: Echo Park and the American Conservation Movement. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1994.
80. Hays, Samuel P. Beauty, Health, and Permanence: Environmental Politics in the United States, 1955-1985. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
81. -. Conservation and the Gospel of Efficiency: The Progressive Conservation Movement, 1890-1920. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959.
82. Hirt, Paul. A Conspiracy of Optimism: Management of the National Forests since World War Two. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994.
83. Horning, W. H. "Proposed Mount Olympus National Park." The National Parks Bulletin 13(February 1937):6-10.
84. Hubbard, Henry V. "Landscape Development Based on Conservation, as Practiced in the National Park Service." Landscape Architecture 29(April 1939):105-21.
85. Hubbard, Henry V., and Theadora Kimball. An Introduction to the Study of Landscape Design. 1917. New York: Macmillan Co., 1924.
86. Quoted in Linda Flint McClelland, Building the National Parks: Historic Landscape Design and Construction, 183-85. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
87. Huth, Hans. Nature and the American: Three Centuries of Changing Attitudes. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1957.
88. Hyde, Anne F. "From Stagecoach to Packard Twin Six: Yosemite and the Changing Face of Tourism, 1880-1930." California History 65(Summer 1990):154-69.
89. Hyde, Philip. "The Wilderness World of the Cascades." The Living Wilderness 22(Spring 1957):9-16.
90. Ickes, Harold L. "Please Save Great Smoky." The Living Wilderness 2(November 1936):6.
91. Interrante, Joseph. "A Moveable Feast: The Automobile and the Spatial Transformation of American Culture, 1890-1940." PhD diss., Harvard University, 1983.
92. -. "You Can't Go to Town in a Bathtub: Automobile Movement and the Reorganization of Rural American Space, 1900-1930." Radical History Review 21(Fall 1979):151-68.
93. Irwin, Robert A. "Call to the Wilderness." In 1965 World Book Year Book, 189-204. Repr., Chicago: World Book-Childcraft International, 1965.
94. Ise, John. Our National Park Policy: A Critical History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1961.
95. Jackson, J. B. Discovering the Vernacular Landscape. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984.
96. -. A Sense of Place, A Sense of Time. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994.
97. Jackson, J. B. and D. W. Meinig, eds. Interpreting Ordinary Landscapes (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.
98. Jackson, Kenneth T. Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
99. Jacoby, Karl. Crimes Against Nature: Squatters, Poachers, Thieves, and the Hidden History of American Conservation. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.
100. Jakle, John A. "Landscapes Redesigned for the Automobile." In The Making of an American Landscape, Michael P. Conzen, ed., 293-310. Boston: Unwin Hyman, Inc., 1990.
101. -. The Tourist: Travel in Twentieth-Century North America. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1985.
102. "'Keep It a Wilderness'-Ickes." National Parks Bulletin 14(December 1938):9-13, 29.
103. Kendall, Carpenter. "Motoring on Mount Rainier." Sunset 31(August 1913):304-7.
104. Kerouac, Jack. The Dharma Bums. 1958. New York: Penguin Books, 1980.
105. Kirn, Jacqueline Krolopp. "The Skagit River-High Ross Dam Controversy: A Case of a Canadian-U. S. Transboundary Conflict and Negotiated Resolution. " Master's thesis, University of Washington, 1987.
106. Klingle, Matthew William. "Urban by Nature: An Environmental History of Seattle, 1880-1970." PhD diss., University of Washington, 2001.
107. Lears, T. J. Jackson. No Place of Grace: Antimodernism and the Transformation of American Culture, 1880-1920. New York: Pantheon Books, 1981.
108. Lears, T. J. Jackson, and Richard W. Fox, eds. The Culture of Consumption: Critical Essays in American History, 1880-1980. New York Pantheon Books, 1983.
109. Lefebvre, Henri. The Production of Space. Trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith. Oxford: Blackwell, 1991.
110. Leopold, Aldo. "Conserving the Covered Wagon. " Sunset 54(March 1925):21, 56.
111. Leopold, A. Starker, Stanley A. Cain, Clarence M. Cottam, Ira N. Gabrielson, and Thomas L. Kimball. "Wildlife Management in the National Parks", March 4, 1963.
112. Reprinted in Department of the Interior, Administrative Policies for Natural Areas of the National Park System, 104, 99-112. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1970.
113. Lewis, Peirce F. "America Between the Wars: The Engineering of a New Geography." In North America: The Historical Geography of a Changing Continent, Robert D. Mitchell and Paul A. Groves, eds., 410-37. Totowa: Rowman and Littlefield, 1987.
114. Lien, Carsten. Olympic Battleground: The Power Politics of Timber Preservation. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1991.
115. Lillard, Richard G. "The Siege and Conquest of a National Park." American West 5(January 1968):28-32, 67-72.
116. Louter, David. Contested Terrain: North Cascades National Park Service Complex, An Administrative History. Seattle: National Park Service, 1998.
117. Luxenberg, Gretchen A. Historic Resource Study: North Cascades National Park Service Complex. Seattle: National Park Service, 1986.
118. Mackintosh, Barry. The National Parks: Shaping the System. Washington, D. C.: National Park Service, 1985.
119. Maher, Neil. "Auto Tourism, Wilderness, and the Development of Great Smoky Mountains National Park." In Making Protection Work: Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Research and Resource Management in Parks and on Public Lands, David Harmon, ed., 47-54. Hancock, MI: The George Wright Society, 1997.
120. "Main Traveled Roads in the Sunset Country." Sunset 39(July 1917):43, 82.
121. Mark, Stephen R. Preserving the Living Past: John C. Merriam's Legacy in the State and National Parks. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.
122. Marshall, Robert. "The Problem of the Wilderness." The Scientific Monthly 30(February 1930):141-48.
123. -. "Three Great Western Wildernesses." The Living Wilderness 1(September 1935):10-11.
124. Martinson, Arthur D. "Mount Rainier or Mount Tacoma? The Controversy that Refused to Die." Columbia 3(Summer 1989):10-16.
125. Marx, Leo. The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1964.
126. Mather, Stephen T. "A Glance Backward at National Park Development." Nature Magazine 10(August 1927):112-15.
127. -. "The National Parks on a Business Basis." The American Review of Reviews 51(April 1915):429-31.
128. -. Progress in the Development of the National Parks. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1916.
129. McCarthy, Tom. "The Coming Wonder?: Foresight and Early Concerns about the Automobile." Environmental History 6(January 2001):46-74.
130. McClelland, Linda Flint. Building the National Parks: Historic Landscape Design and Construction. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
131. McCloskey, J. Michael, ed. Prospectus for a North Cascades National Park. Seattle: North Cascades Conservation Council, 1963.
132. McConnell, Grant. "The Cascades Wilderness." Sierra Club Bulletin 41(November 1956):24-31.
133. -. Stehekin: A Valley in Time. Seattle: The Mountaineers, 1988.
134. McCoy, Genevieve E. "'Call It Mount Tacoma': A History of the Controversy over the Name of Mount Rainier." Master's thesis, University of Washington, 1984.
135. McCully, A. Woodruff. "The Rainier Forest Reserve." The Overland Monthly 55(June 1910):553-54.
136. Miles, John C. Guardians of the Parks: The History of the National Parks and Conservation Association. Washington, D. C.: Taylor and Francis, 1995.
137. Millis, John A. "Road into Mount Rainier National Park." In U. S. Army, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, Appendix KKK. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1904.
138. Mills, Enos A. "Touring in Our National Parks." Country Life 23(January 1913):33-36.
139. "Mr. Ickes-Your National Parks." National Parks Bulletin 13(December 1937):3-4.
140. Muir, John. "The Wild Parks and Forest Reservations of the West." Atlantic Monthly 81 (January 1898).
141. Mumford, Lewis. The Highway and the City. 1953. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1963.
142. Murphy, Edward C. "Highway to Valhalla." Washington Highways, no. 3(July 1969):11.
143. Murray, Keith A. "Building a Wagon Road through the Northern Cascade Mountains." Pacific Northwest Quarterly 56(April 1965):49-56.
144. Nash, Linda. "The Changing Experience of Nature: Historical Encounters with a Northwest River." Journal of American History 86(March 2000):1600-1629.
145. Nash, Roderick. Wilderness and the American Mind. 3rd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.
146. National Parks and Conservation Association. Preserving Wilderness in Our National Parks. Washington, D. C.: National Parks and Conservation Association, 1971.
147. National Park Service. Draft General Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement: Mount Rainier National Park. Denver: National Park Service, 2000.
148. National Park Service. The National Park Wilderness. Washington, D. C.: National Park Service, 1957.
149. National Park Service. Visitor Experience and Resource Protection Implementation Plan: Arches National Park. Denver: National Park Service, 1995.
150. "The National Park-to-Park Highway Tour." National Parks Association Bulletin 12(October 2, 1920):1-2.
151. "North Cascades: A Wilderness Plan. " National Parks and Conservation Magazine: Environmental Journal (October 1970): 14.
152. Novak, Barbara. Nature and Culture: American Landscape Painting. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.
153. Nowell, Elizabeth, ed. Selected Letters of Thomas Wolfe. London: Heinemann, 1958.
154. Nye, David E. American Technological Sublime. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1994.
155. Olmsted, Frederick Law. "The Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Big Trees." 1865. Reprinted in America's National Park System: The Critical Documents, Lary M. Dilsaver, ed., 12-27. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 1994.
156. Paxson, Frederick L. "The Highway Movement, 1916-1935." American Historical Review 51(January 1946):236-53.
157. Price, Jennifer. Flight Maps: Adventures with Nature in Modern America. New York: Basic Books, 1999.
158. Quin, Richard H. "Carbon River Road." Historic American Engineering Record, HAER No. WA-120, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C., 1992.
159. -. "Mount Rainier National Park Roads and Bridges." Historic American Engineering Record, HAER No. WA-35, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C., 1992.
160. -. "Nisqually Road." Historic American Engineering Record, HAER No. WA-119, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C., 1992.
161. Rae, John B. The Road and Car in American Life. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1981.
162. Reich, Justin. "Re-Creating the Wilderness: Shaping Narratives and Landscapes in Shenandoah National Park." Environmental History 6(January 2001):95-112.
163. "Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Mount Rainier National Park [1906]." In House Doc. No. 5, Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior, 59th Cong., 2nd sess., 1906-1907.
164. "Report of the Superintendent to the Mount Rainier National Park, 1910." In House Doc. No. 1006, Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior, 1910, 61st Cong., 3rd sess., 1910.
165. Richardson, Elmo R. "Olympic National Park: Twenty Years of Controversy." Forest History 12(April 1968):6-15.
166. "Road into Mount Rainier National Park." In House Doc. No. 283, 58th Cong., 3rd sess., 1905.
167. "Roadside Improvement-A National Movement Well Under Way." American City 41(May 1929):100-102.
168. Roberts, Milnor. "A Wonderland of Glaciers and Snow." National Geographic 20(June 1909):530, 534.
169. Roe, JoAnn. The North Cascadians. Seattle: Madrona Publishers, 1980.
170. Rome, Adam. The Bulldozer in the Countryside: Suburban Sprawl and the Rise of American Environmentalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
171. -. "'Give Earth a Chance': The Environmental Movement and the Sixties." Journal of American History 92(September 2003):525-54.
172. Roper, Laura Wood. FLO: A Biography of Frederick Law Olmsted. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973.
173. Rothman, Hal K. Devil's Bargains: Tourism in the Twentieth-Century American West. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998.
174. -. Preserving Different Pasts: The American National Monuments. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989.
175. -. On Rims and Ridges: The Los Alamos Area Since 1880. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1992.
176. -. " 'A Regular Ding-Dong Fight': Agency Culture and Evolution in the NPS-USFS Dispute, 1916-1937." Western Historical Quarterly 20(May 1989):141-61.
177. -. Saving the Planet: The American Response to the Environment in the Twentieth Century. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000.
178. Runte, Alfred. National Parks: The American Experience. 2nd ed., rev. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1987.
179. -. "Pragmatic Alliance: Western Railroads and the National Parks." National Parks and Conservation Magazine 48(April 1974):15-21.
180. -. Yosemite: The Embattled Wilderness. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990.
181. Sadin, Paul. "Demon, Distraction, or Deliverer?: The Impact of Automobile Tourism on the Development, Management, and Use of Mount Rainier National Park, 1907-1966." Master's thesis, University of Idaho, 2000.
182. Sax, Joseph L. Mountains without Handrails: Reflections on the National Parks. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1980.
183. Scharff, Virginia. Taking the Wheel: Women and the Coming of the Motor Age. New York: Free Press, 1991.
184. Sellars, Richard W. Preserving Nature in the National Parks: A History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.
185. Shaffer, Marguerite S. See America First: Tourism and National Identity, 1880-1940. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001.
186. Shankland, Robert. Steve Mather of the National Parks. 2nd ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1954.
187. Shelse, Ronne C. "The Pageant Highway." Mentor 12(July 1924):29-35.
188. Smith, Michael. Pacific Visions: California Scientists and the Environment. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987.
189. Smith, Thomas G. "John Kennedy, Stewart Udall, and New Frontier Conservation. " Pacific Historical Review 64(August 1995):329-62.
190. Soulé, Michael E., and Gary Lease, eds. Reinventing Nature? Responses to Postmodern Deconstruction. Washington, D. C.: Island Press, 1995.
191. Spence, Mark. Dispossessing the Wilderness: Indian Removal and the Making of the National Parks. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
192. Spring, Bob and Ira. The North Cascades National Park. Seattle: Superior Publishing Company, c. 1975.
193. Steen, Harold K. The U. S. Forest Service: A History. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1976.
194. Stone, J. Herbert. "Glacier Peak Wilderness Proposal (1959)." The Living Wilderness 24(Autumn 1959):10-12.
195. Sullivan, Michael. "The Tacoma Eastern Railroad-Linking Puget Sound and Mount Rainier National Park." Columbia 13(Winter 1999-2000):34-39.
196. Sutter, Paul S. " 'A Blank Spot on the Map': Aldo Leopold, Wilderness, and U. S. Forest Service Recreational Policy, 1909-1924." Western Historical Quarterly 29(Summer 1998):187-214.
197. -. Driven Wild: How the Fight against the Automobile Launched the Modern Wilderness Movement. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002.
198. Swain, Donald C. "The National Park Service and the New Deal, 1933-1940." Pacific Historical Review 41(August 1972):312-32.
199. -. Wilderness Defender: Horace M. Albright and Conservation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
200. Thompson, Erwin N. Mount Rainier National Park: Historic Resource Study. Denver: National Park Service, 1981.
201. Thompson, Margaret. "A Real or a Sham Park in the Olympic Peninsula?" Skylines: Bulletin of the Northwest Conservation League 2(January 1937):3-15.
202. Thomson, C. G. The Rim Road-A Wonder Drive. Portland, OR: Scenic America Company, c. 1924.
203. Tomlinson, Owen A. "Development of Our National Park." The Mountaineer 17(December 1924):40-43.
204. Twight, Ben W. Organizational Values and Political Power: The Forest Service versus the Olympic National Park. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1983.
205. U. S. House. Subcommittee on National Parks and Recreation. Hearings on H. R. 8970, A Bill to Establish North Cascades National Park..., 90th Cong., 2d sess., 1968.
206. U. S. House. Subcommittee on National Parks, Recreation, and Public Lands. Oversight Field Hearing on the Implementation of the Yosemite Valley Plan, 108th Cong., 1st sess., April 22, 2003.
207. U. S. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. North Cascades-Olympic National Park, Hearings on Study Team Report of the Recreational Opportunities in the State of Washington, February 11 and 12, 1966. 89th Cong., 2d sess., 1966.
208. U. S. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Parks and Recreation. Hearings on S. 1321, A Bill to Establish North Cascades National Park.... 90th Cong., 1st sess., 1967.
209. Vint, Thomas C. National Park Service Master Plans. Washington, D. C.: American Planning and Civic Association, 1946;
210. reprinted in American Planning and Civic Comment (April-June 1946).
211. -. "Wilderness Areas: Development of National Parks for Conservation. " In American Planning and Civic Annual, Harlean James, ed., 69-71. Washington, D. C.: American Planning and Civic Association, 1938.
212. Watkin, T. H. Righteous Pilgrim: The Life and Times of Harold L. Ickes, 1874-1952. New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1990.
213. Waugh, Frank A. "Ecology of the Roadside." Landscape Architecture 21(January 1931):81-92.
214. -. Recreation Uses on the National Forests. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1918.
215. Wharton, William P. "The National Primeval Parks." National Parks Bulletin 13(February 1937):3-5.
216. White, Richard. "'Are You an Environmentalist or Do You Work for a Living?': Work and Nature." In Cronon, Uncommon Ground, 171-85. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1995.
217. "Will We Discover the Northern Cascades in Time?" Sierra Club Bulletin 42(June 1957):13-16.
218. Williams, John H. The Mountain That Was "God." New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1911.
219. Wilson, William H. The City Beautiful Movement. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989.
220. Wirth, Conrad L. Parks, Politics, and the People. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1980.
221. Wolfe, Thomas. A Western Journal: A Daily Log of the Great Parks Trip, June 20-July 2, 1938. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1951.
222. Worster, Donald. Nature's Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
223. Yard, Robert S. "Economic Aspects of Our National Park Policy." The Scientific Monthly 16(April 1923):380-88.
224. -. "National Parks System to Assume Its Higher Status." National Parks Bulletin 45(October 24, 1925):1-2.
225. -. "Standards of Our National Parks System." National Parks Bulletin 51(December 1926):1-4.
226. -. "The Third Greatest American Tree" The Living Wilderness 2(November 1936):3-6.