Achieving highly efficient simple-emission layer fluorescence/ phosphorescence hybrid white organic light-emitting devices via effective confinement of triplets

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Volumn 6, Issue 12, 2014, Pages 8964-8970

  Ye, Jun ^a   Chen, Zhan ^b   An, Feifei ^b   Sun, Mingliang ^a   Mo, Hin Wai ^a   Zhang, Xiaohong ^b   Lee, Chun Sing ^a  

^a CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b TECHNICAL INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY   (China)

Author keywords

blue fluorophor; high performance; high triplet energy; simplified structure; white OLED

Indexed keywords

MEASUREMENT THEORY; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

BLUE FLUOROPHOR; DEVICE CONFIGURATIONS; EFFECTIVE CONFINEMENTS; HIGH PERFORMANCE; HIGH TRIPLET ENERGIES; ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; WHITE OLED; WHITE ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES;

OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES;

EID: 84903530884     PISSN: 19448244     EISSN: 19448252     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/am502429e     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Su, S. J.; Gonmori, E.; Sasabe, H.; Kido, J. Highly Efficient Organic Blue- and White-Light-Emitting Devices Having a Carrier- and Exciton-Confining Structure for Reduced Efficiency Roll-Off Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 4189-4194
2. Gong, S. L.; Chen, Y. H.; Luo, J. J.; Yang, C. L.; Zhong, C.; Qin, J. G.; Ma, D. G. Bipolar Tetraarylsilanes as Universal Hosts for Blue, Green, Orange, and White Electrophosphorescence with High Efficiency and Low Efficiency Roll-Off Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 1168-1178
3. Chang, Y. L.; Song, Y.; Wang, Z. B.; Helander, M. G.; Qiu, J.; Chai, L.; Liu, Z. W.; Scholes, G. D.; Lu, Z. H. Highly Efficient Warm White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Triplet Exciton Conversion Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 705-712
4. Sun, Y. R.; Giebink, N. C.; Kanno, H.; Ma, B. W.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Management of Singlet and Triplet Excitons for Efficient White Organic Light-Emitting Devices Nature 2006, 440, 908-912
5. Shih, P. I.; Shu, C. F.; Tung, Y. L.; Chi, Y. Efficient White-Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Poly(N -vinylcarbazole) Doped with Blue Fluorescent and Orange Phosphorescent Materials Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 88, 251110
6. Schwartz, G.; Pfeiffer, M.; Reineke, S.; Walzer, K.; Leo, K. Harvesting Triplet Excitons from Fluorescent Blue Emitters in White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 3672-3676
7. Seo, J. H.; Seo, J. H.; Park, J. H.; Kim, Y. K.; Kim, J. H.; Hyung, G. W.; Lee, K. H.; Yoon, S. S. Highly Efficient White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two Emitting Materials for Three Primary Colors (Red, Green, and Blue) Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 90, 203507
8. Ho, C. L.; Lin, M. F.; Wong, W. Y.; Wong, W. K.; Chen, C. H. High-Efficiency and Color-Stable White Organic Light-Emitting Devices Based on Sky Blue Electrofluorescence and Orange Electrophosphorescence Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 083301
9. Schwartz, G.; Reineke, S.; Walzer, K.; Leo, K. Reduced Efficiency Roll-Off in High-Efficiency Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 053311
10. Seo, J. H.; Park, I. H.; Kim, G. Y.; Lee, K. H.; Kim, M. K.; Yoon, S. S.; Kim, Y. K. Hybrid Spacer for High-Efficiency White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 183303
11. Schwartz, G.; Reineke, S.; Rosenow, T. C.; Walzer, K.; Leo, K. Triplet Harvesting in Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19, 1319-1333
12. Tao, Y. T.; Wang, Q.; Shang, Y.; Yang, C. L.; Ao, L.; Qin, J. G.; Ma, D. G.; Shuai, Z. G. Multifunctional Bipolar Triphenylamine/Oxadiazole Derivatives: Highly Efficient Blue Fluorescence, Red Phosphorescence Host and Two-Color Based White OLEDs Chem. Commun. 2009, 77-79
13. Hung, W. Y.; Chi, L. C.; Chen, W. J.; Chen, Y. M.; Chou, S. H.; Wong, K. T. A New Benzimidazole/Carbazole Hybrid Bipolar Material for Highly Efficient Deep-Blue Electrofluorescence, Yellow-Green Electrophosphorescence, and Two-Color-Based White OLEDs J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 10113-10119
14. Yang, X. H.; Zheng, S. J.; Bottger, R.; Chae, H. S.; Tanaka, T.; Li, S.; Mochizuki, A.; Jabbour, G. E. Efficient Fluorescent Deep-Blue and Hybrid White Emitting Devices Based on Carbazole/Benzimidazole Compound J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 14347-14352
15. Ye, J.; Zheng, C. J.; Ou, X. M.; Zhang, X. H.; Fung, M. K.; Lee, C. S. Management of Singlet and Triplet Excitons in a Single Emission Layer: A Simple Approach for a High-Efficiency Fluorescence/Phosphorescence Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Device Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 3410-3414
16. Hofmann, S.; Furno, M.; Lüssem, B.; Leo, K.; Gather, M. C. Investigation of Triplet Harvesting and Outcoupling Efficiency in Highly Efficient Two-Color Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Phys.Status Solidi A 2013, 210, 1467-1475
17. Liu, X. K.; Zheng, C. J.; Lo, M. F.; Xiao, J.; Chen, Z.; Liu, C. L.; Lee, C. S.; Fung, M. K.; Zhang, X. H. Novel Blue Fluorophor with High Triplet Energy Level for High Performance Single-Emitting-Layer Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 4454-4459
18. Zheng, C. J.; Wang, J.; Ye, J.; Lo, M. F.; Liu, X. K.; Fung, M. K.; Zhang, X. H.; Lee, C. S. Novel Efficient Blue Fluorophors with Small Singlet-Triplet Splitting: Hosts for Highly Efficient Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Hybrid WOLEDs with Simplified Structure Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 2205-2211
19. Kondakova, M. E.; Deaton, J. C.; Pawlik, T. D.; Giesen, D. J.; Kondakov, D. Y.; Young, R. H.; Royster, T. L.; Comfort, D. L.; Shore, J. D. Highly Efficient Fluorescent-Phosphorescent Triplet-Harvesting Hybrid Organic Light-Emitting Diodes J. Appl. Phys. 2010, 107, 014515
20. Divayana, Y.; Liu, S. W.; Kyaw, A. K. K.; Sun, X. W. Efficient Extraction of Singlet-Triplet Excitons for High-efficient White Organic Light-Emitting Diode with a Multilayer Emission Region Org. Electron. 2011, 12, 1-7
21. Zhang, T. Y.; Liu, M.; Li, T.; Ma, J. A.; Liu, D. L.; Xie, W. F.; Wu, C. L.; Liu, S. W.; Yeh, S. C.; Chen, C. T. Efficient Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Devices with a Reduced Efficiency Roll-off Based on a Blue Fluorescent Emitter of Which Charge Carriers Are Ambipolar and Electric-Field Independent J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 2428-2434
22. Wang, X. H.; Zhang, S. M.; Liu, Z. Y.; Yue, S. Z.; Zhang, Z. S.; Chen, Y.; Xie, G. H.; Xue, Q.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, S. Y. Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Improved Color Stability and Negligible Efficiency Roll-Off Based on Blue Fluorescence and Yellow Phosphorescence J. Lumin. 2013, 137, 59-63
23. Wu, C.; Tao, S. L.; Chen, M. M.; Mo, H. W.; Ng, T. W.; Liu, X. K.; Zhang, X. H.; Zhao, W. M.; Lee, C. S. A New Multifunctional Fluorenyl Carbazole Hybrid for High Performance Deep Blue Fluorescence, Orange Phosphorescent Host and Fluorescence/Phosphorescence White OLEDs Dyes Pigm. 2013, 97, 273-277
24. Gao, C. H.; Shi, X. B.; Zhou, D. Y.; Zhang, L.; Wang, Z. K.; Liao, L. S. Highly Efficient White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Controllable Excitons Behavior by a Mixed Interlayer between Fluorescence Blue and Phosphorescence Yellow-Emitting Layers Int. J. Photoenergy 2013, 831765
25. Su, S. J.; Cai, C.; Kido, J. Three-Carbazole-Armed Host Materials with Various Cores for RGB Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 3447-3456
26. Chen, F. C.; He, G. F.; Yang, Y. Triplet Exciton Confinement in Phosphorescent Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 82, 1006-1008
27. Uoyama, H.; Goushi, K.; Shizu, K.; Nomura, H.; Adachi, C. Highly Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes from Delayed Fluorescence Nature 2012, 492, 234-238
28. Zhang, Q. S.; Li, J.; Shizu, K.; Huang, S. P.; Hirata, S.; Miyazaki, H.; Adachi, C. Design of Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials for Pure Blue Organic Light Emitting Diodes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 14706-14709
29. Ye, J.; Chen, Z.; Fung, M. K.; Zheng, C. J.; Ou, X. M.; Zhang, X. H.; Yuan, Y.; Lee, C. S. Carbazole/Sulfone Hybrid D-π-A-Structured Bipolar Fluorophores for High-Efficiency Blue-Violet Electroluminescence Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 2630-2637
30. D'Andrade, B. W.; Holmes, R. J.; Forrest, S. R. Efficient Organic Electrophosphorescent White-Light-Emitting Device with a Triple Doped Emissive Layer Adv. Mater. 2004, 16, 624-628