Severity of psychotic episodes in predicting concurrent depressive and anxiety features in acute phase schizophrenia

BMC Psychiatry

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Naidu, Kalai ^a   Van Staden, Werdie C W ^a   van der Linde, Mike ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Acute psychosis; Akathisia; Severity; Symptomatology; Symptoms

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AKATHISIA; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; BARNES AKATHISIA SCALE; CALGARY DEPRESSION SCALE; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMORBIDITY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; HAMILTON ANXIETY SCALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL PATIENT; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; STADEN SCHIZOPHRENIA ANXIETY RATING SCALE; STRUCTURED INTERVIEW; ADOLESCENT; ANXIETY DISORDERS; COMPLICATION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; RESTLESSNESS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANXIETY DISORDERS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84903130459     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1471244X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-244X-14-166     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Bermanzohn PC, Porto L, Arlow PB, Pollack S, Stronger R, Siris SG. At issue: hierarchical diagnosis in chronic schizophrenia: a clinical study of co-occurring syndromes. Schizophr Bull 2000, 26:517-525. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033472, 10993392.
2. Johnson D. The significance of depression in the prediction of relapse in chronic schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1988, 152:320-323. 10.1192/bjp.152.3.320, 3167364.
3. Martin RL, Cloninger RC, Guze SB, Clayton PJ. Frequency and differential diagnosis of depressive syndromes in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 1985, 46:9-13.
4. Johnson D. Depressions in schizophrenia: some observations on prevalence, etiology, and treatment. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1981, 63:137-144.
5. Fenton WS. Depression, suicide and suicide prevention in schizophrenia. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2000, 30:34-49.
6. Cranco R. Overview of affective disorders. Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry IV 1985, Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, Kaplan HI, Saddock BJ.
7. Achim AM, Maziade M, Raymond E, Olivier D, Merette C, Roy MA. How prevalent are anxiety disorders in schizophrenia? A meta-analysis and critical review on a significant association. Schizophr Bull 2011, 37:811-821. 10.1093/schbul/sbp148, 3122284, 19959704.
8. Kessler RC, Birnbaum H, Demler O, Falloon IRH, Gagnon E, Guyer M, Howes MJ, Kendler KS, Shi L, Walters E, Wu EQ. The prevalence and correlates of nonaffective psychosis in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Biol Psychiatry 2005, 58:668-676. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.034, 2847859, 16023620.
9. Bleuler E. Die Prognose der Dementia Praecox Schizophreniegruppe. Allgemeine Z Psychiatrie 1908, 65:436-464.
10. Lancon C, Auquier P, Reine G, Bernard D, Addington D. Relationships between depression and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia during an acute episode and stable period. Schizophr Res 2001, 47:135-140. 10.1016/S0920-9964(00)00002-5, 11278130.
11. Van Putten T, May PRA. The many faces of akathisia. Compr Psychiatry 1975, 16:43-49. 10.1016/0010-440X(75)90019-X, 234073.
12. Koreen AR, Siris SG, Chokos M, Alvir J, Mayerhoff D, Lieberman J. Depression in first-episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1993, 150:1643-1648.
13. Hirsch SR, Jolley AG. Dysphoric syndrome in schizophrenia and its implications for relapse. Br J Psychiatry 1989, 155:46-50.
14. Joukamaa M, Heliovaara M, Knekt P, Aromaa A, Raitasalo R, Lehtinen V. Mental disorders and cause-specific mortality. Br J Psychiatry 2001, 179:498-502. 10.1192/bjp.179.6.498, 11731351.
15. Schwartz RC, Cohen BN. Psychosocial correlates of suicidal intent among patients with Schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 2001, 42:118-123. 10.1053/comp.2001.21222, 11244147.
16. Möser C, Krieg JC, Zihl J, Lautenbacher S. Attention and memory deficits in schizophrenia: the role of symptoms of depression. Cog Behav Neurol 2006, 19:150-156.
17. Shearer SL. Recent advances in the understanding and treatment of anxiety disorders. Prim Care Clin Office Pract 2007, 34:475-504.
18. Braga RJ, Mendlowicz MV, Marrocos RP, Figueira IL. Anxiety disorders in outpatients with schizophrenia: prevalence and impact on the subjective quality of life. J Psychiatr Res 2005, 39:409-414. 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.09.003, 15804391.
19. Pallanti S, Quercioli L, Hollander E. Social anxiety in outpatients with schizophrenia: a relevant cause of disability. Am J Psychiatry 2004, 161(1):53-58. 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.53, 14702250.
20. Mazeh D, Bodner E, Weizman R, Delayahu Y, Cholostoy A, Martin T, Barak Y. Comorbid social phobia in schizophrenia. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2009, 55(3):198-202. 10.1177/0020764008093447, 19383663.
21. Ulas H, Polat S, Akdede BB, Alptekin K. Impact of panic attacks on quality of life among patients with schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010, 34(7):1300-1305. 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.07.014, 20659522.
22. Huppert JD, Smith TE. Longitudinal analysis of subjective quality of life in schizophrenia: anxiety as the best symptom predictor. J Nerv Ment Dis 2001, 189:669-675. 10.1097/00005053-200110000-00003, 11708667.
23. American Psychiatric Association (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) 1994, Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association, 4, American Psychiatric Association (APA).
24. Kay SR, Opler LA, Lindenmayer JP. Reliability and validity of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for schizophrenia. Psychiatr Res 1988, 23:99-110.
25. Addington D, Addington J, Maticka-Tydale E. Assessing depression in schizophrenia: the Calgary Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry 1993, 163:39-44.
26. Hamilton M. The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol 1959, 32:50-55. 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x, 13638508.
27. Barnes TR. A rating scale for drug-induced akathisia. Br J Psychiatry 1989, 154:672-676. 10.1192/bjp.154.5.672, 2574607.
28. Van Staden CW, Krüger C. Incapacity to give informed consent owing to mental disorder. J Med Ethics 2003, 29:41-43. 10.1136/jme.29.1.41, 1733664, 12569195.
29. Van Staden CW. Can involuntarily admitted patients give informed consent to participation in research?. S Afr J Psychiatr 2007, 13:10-12.
30. Chiappelli J, Nugent KL, Thangavelu K, Searcy K, Hong LE. Assessment of trait and state aspects of depression in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2013, Schizophr Bull First published online May 17, doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt069.
31. Majadas S, Olivares J, Galan J, Diez T. Prevalence of depression and its relationship with other clinical characteristics in a sample of patients with stable schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 2012, 53(2):145-151. 10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.03.009, 21621754.
32. Lako IM, Taxis K, Bruggeman R, Knegtering H, Burger H, Wiersma D, Sloof CJ. The course of depressive symptoms and prescribing patterns of antidepressants in schizophrenia in a one-year follow-up. Eur Psychiatry 2012, 27(4):240-244. 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.10.007, 21292455.
33. Dernovsek MZ, Sprah L. Comorbid anxiety in patients with psychosis. Psychiatr Danub 2009, 1:43-50.
34. Krakowski MI, Czobor P. Depression and impulsivity as pathways to violence: implications for antiaggressive treatment. Schizophr Bull First published online August 13, 2013 doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt117.