Seasonal variation of ozone in the tropical lower stratosphere: Southern tropics are different from Northern tropics

Journal of Geophysical Research

Volumn 119, Issue 10, 2014, Pages 6196-6206

  Stolarski, Richard S ^a   Waugh, Darryn W ^a   Wang, Lei ^a   Oman, Luke D ^b   Douglass, Anne R ^b   Newman, Paul A ^b  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS; MIXING; OZONE; UPPER ATMOSPHERE;

BREWER-DOBSON CIRCULATION; LATITUDINAL VARIATION; MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER; NORTHERN HEMISPHERES; SEASONAL; STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; TROPICAL STRATOSPHERE; TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE;

TROPICS;

HOMOGENEITY; INSTRUMENTATION; MAGNITUDE; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; OZONE; SEASONAL VARIATION; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; STRATOSPHERE; TROPICAL REGION; TROPOPAUSE; UPWELLING;

EID: 84902809366     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: 21562202     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/2013JD021294     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Abalos, M., W. J. Randel, and E. Serrano (2012), Variability in upwelling across the tropical tropopause and correlations with tracers in the lower stratosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 11,505–11,517, doi:10.5194/acp-12-11505-2012.
2. Abalos, M., W. J. Randel, D. E. Kinnison, and E. Serrano (2013a), Quantifying tracer transport in the tropical lower stratosphere using WACCM, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, doi:10.5194/acp-13-10591-2013.
3. Abalos, M., F. Ploeger, P. Konopka, W. J. Randel, and E. Serrano (2013b), Ozone seasonality above the tropical tropopause: Reconciling the Eulerian and Lagrangian perspectives of transport processes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13(21), 10,787–10,794, doi:10.5194/acp-13-10787-2013.
4. Froidevaux, L., et al. (2008), Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder stratospheric ozone measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S20, doi:10.1029/2007JD008771.
5. Hall, T. M., and D. W. Waugh (1997), Tracer transport in the tropical stratosphere due to vertical diffusion and horizontal mixing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1383–1387, doi:10.1029/97GL01289.
6. Hall, T. M., and D. W. Waugh (2000), Stratospheric residence time and its relationship to mean age, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 6773–6782, doi:10.1029/1999JD901096.
7. Haynes, P., and E. Shuckburgh (2000), Effective diffusivity as a diagnostic of atmospheric transport: 1. Stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 22,777–22,794, doi:10.1029/2000JD900093.
8. Jet Propulsion Laboratory (2011), Earth Observing System (EOS) Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Version 3.3 Level 2 data quality and description document, Rep. JPL D-33509, Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif.
9. Konopka, P., J.-U. Grooß, F. Ploeger, and R. Müller (2009), R.: Annual cycle of horizontal in-mixing into the lower tropical stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D19111, doi:10.1029/2009JD011955.
10. Konopka, P., J.-U. Grooß, G. Günther, F. Ploeger, R. Pommrich, R. Müller, and N. Livesey (2010), N.: Annual cycle of ozone at and above the tropical tropopause: Observations versus simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 121–132, doi:10.5194/acp-10-121-2010.
11. Livesey, N. J., et al. (2008), Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder O3 and CO observations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S02, doi:10.1029/2007JD008805.
12. Livesey, N. J., et al. (2013), Earth Observing System (EOS) Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Version 3.3 and 3.4 Level 2 data quality and description document, JPL D-33509, Pasadena, Calif.
13. McPeters, R. D., and G. J. Labow (2012), Climatology 2011: An MLS and sonde derived ozone climatology for satellite retrieval algorithms, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D10303, doi:10.1029/2011JD017006.
14. Neu, J. L., and R. A. Plumb (1999), Age of air in a“leaky pipe” model of stratospheric transport, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19,243–19,255, doi:10.1029/1999JD900251.
15. Ploeger, F., P. Konopka, R. Müller, S. Fueglistaler, T. Schmidt, J. C. Manners, J.-U. Grooß, G. Günther, P.M. Forster, and M. Riese (2012), Horizontal transport affecting trace gas seasonality in the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL), J. Geophys. Res., 117, D09303, doi:10.1029/2011JD017267.
16. Plumb, R. A. (1996), A “tropical pipe” model of stratospheric transport, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3957–3972, doi:10.1029/95JD03002.
17. Plumb, R. A. (2002), Stratospheric transport, J. Met. Soc. Jpn., 80(4B), 793–809.
18. Randel, W. J., and A. M. Thompson (2011), Interannual variability and trends in tropical ozone derived from SAGE II satellite data and SHADOZ ozonesondes, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D07303, doi:10.1029/2010JD015195.
19. Randel, W. J., M. Park, F. Wu, and N. Livesey (2007), A large annual cycle in ozone above the tropical tropopause linked to the Brewer-Dobson circulation, J. Atmos. Sci., 64(12), 4479–4488, doi:10.1175/2007JAS2409.1.
20. Randel, W. J., R. Garcia, and F. Wu (2008), Dynamical balances and tropical stratospheric upwelling, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3584–3595.
21. Rienecker, M. M., et al. (2011), MERRA: NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, J. Clim., 24(14), 3624–3648, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00015.1.
22. Rosenlof, K. H. (1995), Seasonal cycle of the residual mean meridional circulation in the stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5173–5191, doi:10.1029/94JD03122.
23. Seviour, W. J. M., N. Butchart, and S. C. Hardiman (2012), The Brewer–Dobson circulation inferred from ERA-Interim, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 138, 878–888, doi:10.1002/qj.966.
24. Shuckburgh, E., F. d’Ovidio, and B. Legras (2009), Local mixing events in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Part II: Seasonal and interannual variability, J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3695–3706.
25. Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate Chemistry-Climate Model Validation (2010), SPARC CCMVal Report on the Evaluation of Chemistry-Climate Models, Rep. 5, WCRP-132, WMO/TD-No. 1526, edited by V. Eyring, T. G. Shepherd, and D. W. Waugh, SPARC, Toronto, Canada. [Available at http://www.atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca/SPARC.]
26. Thompson, A. M., et al. (2003a), Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998-2000 tropical ozone climatology 1. Comparison with Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) and ground-based measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 8238, doi:10.1029/2001JD000967.
27. Thompson, A. M., et al. (2003b), Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998-2000 tropical ozone climatology 2. Tropospheric variability and the zonal wave-one, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 8241, doi:10.1029/2002JD002241.
28. Thompson, A. M., J. C. Witte, H. G. J. Smit, S. J. Oltmans, B. J. Johnson, V. W. J. H. Kirchhoff, and F. J. Schmidlin (2007), Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998-2004 tropical ozone climatology: 3. Instrumentation, station-to-station variability, and evaluation with simulated flight profiles, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D03304, doi:10.1029/2005JD007042.
29. Uppala, S. M., et al. (2005), The ERA-40 re-analysis, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 2961–3012.
30. Wang, H. J., D. M. Cunnold, L. W. Thomason, J. M. Zawodny, and G. E. Bodeker (2002), Assessment of SAGE version 6.1 ozone data quality, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D23), 4691, doi:10.1029/2002JD002418.
31. Waugh, D. W., and T. M. Hall (2002), Age of stratospheric air: Theory, observations, and models, Rev. Geophys., 40(4), 1010, doi:10.1029/2000RG000101.
32. World Meteorological Organization (2010), Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2010, WMO Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project-Report No. 52, Geneva, Switzerland.
33. Yang, Q., Q. Fu, J. Austin, A. Gettelman, F. Li, and H. Vömel (2008), Observationally derived and general circulation model simulated tropical stratospheric upward mass fluxes, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00B07, doi:10.1029/2008JD009945.