Worries about being judged versus being harmed: Disentangling the association of social anxiety and paranoia with schizotypy

PLoS ONE

Volumn 9, Issue 6, 2014, Pages

  Horton, Leslie E ^a,b   Barrantes Vidal, Neus ^a,c,d,e   Silvia, Paul J ^a   Kwapil, Thomas R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT GREENSBORO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^d Sant Pere Claver Fundacio Sanità Ria   (Spain)

^e INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMOTION; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NEGATIVE SCHIZOTYPY; PARANOIA; POSITIVE SCHIZOTYPY; SAMPLE SIZE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOTYPY; SOCIAL ANXIETY; STATISTICAL MODEL; YOUNG ADULT; ANXIETY; PSYCHOLOGY; SCHIZOIDISM; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR;

ANXIETY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PARANOID BEHAVIOR; SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84902602941     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096269     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Freeman D (2007) Suspicious minds: the psychology of persecutory delusions. Clin Psychol Rev 27: 425-457.
2. Strauss JS (1969) Hallucinations and delusions as points on continua function. Rating scale evidence. Archives of General Psychiatry 21: 581-586.
3. Johns LC, Cannon M, Singleton N, Murray RM, Farrell M, et al. (2004) Prevalence and correlates of self-reported psychotic symptoms in the British population. Br J Psychiatry 185: 298-305. (Pubitemid 39331331)
4. Verdoux H, Maurice-Tison S, Gay B, van Os J, Salamon R, et al. (1998) A survey of delusional ideation in primary care patients. Psychol Med 28: 127-134. (Pubitemid 28043573)
5. Freeman D, Garety PA, Bebbington P, Slater M, Kuipers E, et al. (2005) The psychology of persecutory ideation II: a virtual reality experimental study. J Nerv Ment Dis 193: 309-315. (Pubitemid 40695731)
6. Claridge G (1997) Schizotypy: Implications for illness and health. New York, NY US: Oxford University Press.
7. Kwapil TR, Barrantes-Vidal N (2012) Schizotypal personality disorder: An integrative review. In Widiger TA, editor. The Oxford Handbook of Personality Disorders. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
8. Lenzenweger MF (2010) Schizotypy and schizophrenia: The view from experimental psychopathology. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
9. Meehl PE (1990) Toward an integrated theory of schizotaxia, schizotypy, and schizophrenia. J Pers Dis 4: 1-99.
10. Raine A, Reynolds C, Lencz T, Scerbo A, Triphon N, et al. (1994) Cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized features of schizotypal personality. Schizophr Bull 20: 191-201. (Pubitemid 24071102)
11. Vollema MG, Hoijtink H (2000) The multidimensionality of self-report schizotypy in a psychiatric population: an analysis using multidimensional Rasch models. Schizophr Bull 26: 565-575.
12. Gooding D, Tallent KA, Matts CW (2005) Clinical status of at-risk individuals 5 years later: Further validation of the psychometric high-risk strategy. J Abnorm Psychol 114: 170-175. (Pubitemid 40261867)
13. Kwapil TR, Gross GM, Silvia PJ, Barrantes-Vidal N (2013) Prediction of psychopathology and functional impairment by positive and negative schizotypy in the Chapmans' ten-year longitudinal study. J Abnorm Psychol 122: 807-815.
14. Kwapil TR, Brown LH, Silvia PJ, Myin-Germeys I, Barrantes-Vidal N (2012) The expression of positive and negative schizotypy in daily life: An experience sampling study. Psychol Med 42: 2555-2566.
15. Kaczorowski JA, Barrantes-Vidal N, Kwapil TR (2009) Neurological soft signs in psychometrically identified schizotypy. Schizophr Res 115: 293-302.
16. Chapman LJ, Chapman JP, Kwapil TR, Eckblad M, Zinser MC (1994) Putatively psychosis-prone subjects 10 years later. J Abnorm Psychol 103: 171-183. (Pubitemid 24152791)
17. Myin-Germeys I, Krabbendam L, van Os J (2003) Continuity of psychotic symptoms in the community. Cur Opin Psychiatry 16: 443-449. (Pubitemid 36928490)
18. Linscott RJ, Knight RG (2004) Potentiated automatic memory in schizotypy. Pers Indiv Dif 37: 1503-1517. (Pubitemid 39332577)
19. Paíno-Piñeiro M, Fonseca-Pedrero E, Lemos-Giráldez S, Muñiz J (2008) Dimensionality of schizotypy in young people according to sex and age. Pers Indiv Dif 45: 132-138.
20. Stefanis NC, Hanssen M, Smirnis NK, Avramopoulos DA, Evdokimidis IK, et al. (2002) Evidence that three dimensions of psychosis have a distribution in the general population. Psychol Med 32: 347-358. (Pubitemid 34162592)
21. Suhr JA, Spitznagel MB (2001) Factor versus cluster models of schizotypal traits I: A comparison of unselected and highly schizotypal samples. Schizophr Res 52: 231-239. (Pubitemid 33052512)
22. Kwapil TR, Barrantes-Vidal N, Silvia PJ (2008) The dimensional structure of the Wisconsin schizotypy scales: Factor identification and construct validity. Schizophr Bull 34: 444-457.
23. Huppert JD, Smith TE (2005) Anxiety and schizophrenia: the interaction of subtypes of anxiety and psychotic symptoms. CNS Spectr 10: 721-731. (Pubitemid 41443047)
24. Martin JA, Penn DL (2001) Social cognition and subclinical paranoid ideation. Br J Clin Psychol 40: 261-265. (Pubitemid 32916272)
25. Schutters S, Dominguez M, Knappe S, Lieb R, van Os J, et al. (2012) The association between social phobia, social anxiety cognitions and paranoid symptoms. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 125: 213-227.
26. Ben-Zeev D, Ellington K, Swendsen J, Granholm E (2011) Examining a cognitive model of persecutory ideation in the daily life of people with schizophrenia: A computerized experience sampling study. Schizophr Bull 37: 1248-1256.
27. Lincoln TM, Lange J, Burau J, Exner C, Moritz S (2010) The effect of state anxiety on paranoid ideation and jumping to conclusions: An experimental investigation. Schizophr Bull 36: 1140-1148.
28. Raine A, Lencz T, Mednick SAE (1995) Schizotypal personality. New York: Cambridge University Press.
29. Brown LH, Silvia PJ, Myin-Germeys I, Lewandowski KE, Kwapil TR (2008) The relationship of social anxiety and social anhedonia to psychometrically identified schizotypy. J Soc Clin Psychol 27: 127-149.
30. Eckblad M, Chapman LJ, Chapman JP, Mishlove M (1982) The Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. Unpublished test (copies available from T.R. Kwapil, Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170).
31. Chapman LJ, Chapman JP, Raulin ML (1976) Scales for physical and social anhedonia. J Abnorm Psychol 85: 374-382.
32. Chapman LJ, Chapman JP, Raulin ML (1978) Body-image aberration in schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol 87: 399-407. (Pubitemid 9010146)
33. Eckblad ML, Chapman LJ (1983) Magical ideation as an indicator of schizotypy. J Consult Clin Psychol 51: 215-225.
34. Kwapil TR (1998) Social anhedonia as a predictor of the development of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. J Abnorm Psychol 107: 558-565.
35. Raine A (1991) The SPQ: a scale for the assessment of schizotypal personality based on DSM-III-R criteria. Schizophr Bull 17: 555-564.
36. Freeman D, Garety PA, Bebbington PE, Smith B, Rollinson R, et al. (2005) Psychological investigation of the structure of paranoia in a non-clinical population. Br J Psychiatry 186: 427-435. (Pubitemid 40663427)
37. Hathaway SR, McKinley JC (1989) Manual for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2™ (MMPI-2™). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
38. Mattick RP, Clarke JC (1998) Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behav Res Ther 36: 455-470. (Pubitemid 28256919)
39. Bentler PM, Chou CP (1987) Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociol Methods Res 16: 78-117.
40. Coffman DL, MacCallum RC (2005) Using parcels to convert path analysis models into latent variable models. Multivariate Behav Res 40: 235-259. (Pubitemid 41659275)
41. Lewandowski KE, Barrantes-Vidal N, Nelson-Gray RO, Clancy C, Kepley HO, et al. (2006) Anxiety and depression symptoms in psychometrically identified schizotypy. Schizophr Res 83: 225-235.
42. Browne MW, Cudeck R (1993) Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In Collins L, Horn J, editors. Testing Structural Equation Models. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. pp. 136-162.
43. Kline R (2011) Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford.
44. American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
45. Venables PH, Rector NA (2000) The content and structure of schizotypy: A study using confirmatory factor analysis. Schizophr Bull 26: 587-602.
46. Barrantes-Vidal N, Chun C, Myin-Germeys I, Kwapil TR (in press) Psychometric schizotypy predicts the experience of psychotic-like, paranoid, and negative symptom experiences in daily life. J Abnorm Psychol.
47. Collip D, Oorschot M, Thewissen V, Van Os J, Bentall R, et al. (2011) Social world interactions: How company connects to paranoia. Psychological Med 41: 911-921.
48. Gross GM, Mellin J, Silvia PJ, Barrantes-Vidal N, Kwapil TR (2014) Comparing the factor structure of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. Manuscript submitted for publication.