Materials development for next generation optical fiber

Materials

Volumn 7, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 4411-4430

  Ballato, John ^a   Dragic, Peter ^b  

^a Clemson University   (United States)

^b University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign   (United States)

Author keywords

High energy lasers; Optical fiber; Stimulated brillouin scattering; Stimulated raman scattering

Indexed keywords

HIGH ENERGY LASERS; NONLINEAR OPTICS; OPTICAL FIBERS; STIMULATED RAMAN SCATTERING;

ENGINEERING CHALLENGES; FUTURE PERFORMANCE; HIGHER-ORDER MODES; MATERIAL SCIENTISTS; MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT; OPTICAL NONLINEARITY; STIMULATED BRILLOUIN SCATTERING (SBS); STIMULATED RAMAN SCATTERINGS (SRS);

STIMULATED BRILLOUIN SCATTERING;

EID: 84902579020     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19961944     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ma7064411     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. National Research Council. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation; The National Academies Press: Washington, DC, USA, 2013.
2. Baer, T.; Schlachter, F. Report to the OSTP-Lasers in Science and Technology 2010; Stanford University: Stanford, CA, USA, 2013.
3. Mazzali, C. The Timing for Specialty Optical Fibers. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Specialty Optical Fibers and their Applications, Optical Society of America Topical Digest, paper T3.3, Sigtuna, Sweden, 28-30 August 2013.
4. Ballato J.; Dragic, P. Rethinking Optical Fiber: New Demands, Old Glasses. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2013, 96, 2675-2692.
5. Mauro, J.; Philip, C.; Vaughn, D.; Pambianchi, M. Glass Science in the United States: Current Status and Future Directions. Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. 2014, 4, 1-14.
6. Stolen, R. The early years of fiber nonlinear optics. J. Light. Technol. 2008, 26, 1021-1031.
7. Fermann, M. Single-mode excitation of multimode fibers with ultrashort pulses. Opt. Lett. 1998, 23, 52-54.
8. Koplow, J.; Kliner, D.; Goldberg, L. Single-mode operation of a coiled multimode fiber amplifier. Opt. Lett. 2000, 25, 442-444.
9. Limpert, J.; Schmidt, O.; Rothhardt, J.; Röser, F.; Schreiber, T.; Tünnermann, A.; Ermeneux, S.; Yvernault, P.; Salin, F. Extended single-mode photonic crystal fiber lasers. Opt. Express 2006, 14, 2715-2720.
10. Ramachandran, S.; Nicholson, J.; Ghalmi, S.; Yan, M.; Wisk, P.; Monberg, E.; Dimarcello, F. Light propagation with ultralarge modal areas in optical fibers. Opt. Lett. 2006, 31, 1797-1799.
11. Sosnowski, T.; Kuznetsov, A.; Maynard, R.; Ma, X.; Zhu, C.; Hu, I.; Galvanauskas, A.; Koponen, J.; McComb, T. 3C Yb-doped Fiber Based High Energy and Power Pulsed Fiber Lasers. In Proceedings of the SPIE 8601, Fiber Lasers X: Technology, Systems, and Applications, Photonics West, San Fancisco, CA, USA, 2 February 2013.
12. Gaponov, D.; Février, S.; Devautour, M.; Roy, P.; Likhachev, M.; Aleshkina, S.; Salganskii, M.; Yashkov, M.; Guryanov, A. Management of the high-order mode content in large (40 μm) core photonic bandgap Bragg fiber laser. Opt. Lett. 2010, 35, 2233-2235.
13. Kashiwagi, M.; Saitoh, K.; Takenaga, K.; Tanigawa, S.; Matsuo, S.; Fujimaki, M. Effectively single-mode all-solid photonic bandgap fiber with large effective area and low bending loss for compact high-power all-fiber lasers. Opt. Express 2012, 20, 15061-15070.
14. Dong, L.; Wu, T.; McKay, H.; Fu, L.; Li, J.; Winful, H. All-Glass Large-Core Leakage Channel Fibers. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2009, 15, 47-53.
15. Laperle, P.; Paré, C.; Zheng, H.; Croteau, A. Yb-Doped LMA Triple-Clad Fiber for Power Amplifiers. In Proceedings of the SPIE 6453, Fiber Lasers IV: Technology, Systems, and Applications, San Jose, CA, USA, 20 January 2007.
16. Otto, H.; Stutzki, F.; Jansen, F.; Eidam, T.; Jauregui, C.; Limpert, J.; Tünnermann, A. Temporal dynamics of mode instabilities in high-power fiber lasers and amplifiers. Opt. Express 2012, 20, 15710-15722.
17. Jauregui, C.; Eidam, T.; Otto, H.; Stutzki, F.; Jansen, F.; Limpert, J.; Tünnermann, A. Physical origin of mode instabilities in high-power fiber laser systems. Opt. Express 2012, 20, 12912-12925.
18. Agrawal, G.P. Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 2nd ed.; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, USA, 1995.
19. Winkelmann, A. Ueber die specifischen Wärmen verschieden zusammengesetzter Gläser [On the specific heats of different composite glasses]. Ann. Phys. Chem. 1893, 49, 401-420. (In German)
20. Winkelmann, A.; Schott, O. Über die Elastizität und über die Zugund Druckfestigkeit verschiedener neuer Gläser in ihrer Abhängigkeit von der chemischen Zusammensetzung [On the elasticity and the tensile and compressive strength of several new glasses in their dependence on the chemical composition]. Ann. Phys. Chem. 1894, 51, 697-730. (In German)
21. Law, P.; Dragic, P. Wavelength dependence of the Brillouin spectral width of boron doped germanosilicate optical fibers. Opt. Express 2010, 18, 18852-18865.
22. Dragic, P.; Ballato, J.; Morris, S.; Hawkins, T. Pockels' coefficients of alumina in aluminosilicate optical fiber. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2013, 30, 244-250.
23. Stolen, R.; Ippen, E. Raman gain in glass optical waveguides. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1973, 22, 276-278.
24. Dragic, P.; Ballato, J. Characterisation of Raman gain spectra in Yb:YAG-derived optical fibres. Electron. Lett. 2013, 49, 895-897.
25. Baret, G.; Madar, R.; Bernard, C. Silica-Based Oxide Systems I. Experimental and Calculated Phase Equilibria in Silicon, Boron, Phosphorus, Germanium, and Arsenic Oxide Mixtures. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1991, 138, 2830-2835.
26. Tien, T.; Hummel, F. The System SiO2-P2O5. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 1965, 48, 75-80.
27. Dragic, P.; Ballato, J. 120 Years of Optical Glass Property Calculations: From the Law of Mixtures and the Birth of Glass Science to Mixing the Unmixable. Opt. Photonics News 2014, in press.
28. MacDowell, J.; Beall, G. Immiscibility and Crystallization in Al2O3-SiO2 Glasses. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 1969, 52, 17-25.
29. Hyatt, M.; Day, D. Glass Properties in the Yttria-Alumina-Silica System. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 1987, 70, C283-C287.
30. Jung, I.; Decterov, S.; Pelton, A. Critical Thermodynamic Evaluation and Optimization of the MgO-Al2O3, CaO-MgO-Al2O3, and MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Systems. J. Phase Equilibria Diffus. 2004, 25, 329-345.
31. Frantz, J.; Mysen, B. Raman Spectra and Structure of BaO-SiO2, SrO-SiO2, and CaO-SiO2 melts at 1600 °C. Chem. Geol. 1995, 121, 155-176.
32. Zhang, Y.; Navrotsky, A. Thermochemistry of Glasses in the Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 System. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2003, 86, 1727-1732.
33. Dragic, P.; Hawkins, T.; Morris, S.; Ballato, J. Sapphire-derived all-glass optical fibers. Nat. Photon. 2012, 6, 629-635.
34. Dragic, P.; Law, P.; Ballato, J.; Hawkins, T.; Foy, P. Brillouin Spectroscopy of YAG-Derived Optical Fibers. Opt. Express 2010, 18, 10055-10067.
35. Dragic, P.; Kucera, C.; Furtick, J.; Guerrier, J.; Hawkins, T.; Ballato, J. Brillouin Spectroscopy of a Novel Baria-doped Silica Glass Optical Fiber. Opt. Express 2013, 21, 10924-10941.
36. Mangognia, A.; Kucera, C.; Guerrier, J.; Furtick, J.; Dragic, P.; Ballato, J. Spinel-Derived Single Mode Optical Fiber. Opt. Mater. Express 2013, 3, 511-518.
37. Liu, Y.; Galvin, T.; Hawkins, T.; Ballato, J.; Dong, L.; Foy, P.; Eden, J.; Dragic, P. Linkage of Oxygen Deficiency Defects and Rare Earth Concentrations in Glass Optical Fiber Probed by Ultraviolet Absorption and Laser Excitation Spectroscopy. Opt. Express 2012, 20, 14494-14507.
38. Ballato, J.; Hawkins, T.; Foy, P.; Kokuoz, B.; Stolen, R.; McMillen, C.; Daw, M.; Su, Z.; Tritt, T.; Dubinskii, M.; et al. On the Fabrication of All-Glass Optical Fibers from Crystals. J. Appl. Phys. 2009, 105, doi:10.1063/1.3080135.
39. Shima, K.; Himeno, K.; Sakai, T.; Okude, S.; Wada, A.; Yamauchi, R. A novel temperature-insensitive long-period fiber grating using a boron-doped-germanosilicated-core fiber. In Proceedings of the Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Dallas, TX, USA, 16-21 February 1997.
40. Boling, N.; Glass, A.; Owyoung, A. Empirical Relationships for Predicting Nonlinear Refractive Index Changes in Optical Solids. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 1978, QE-14, 601-608.
41. Fournier, J.; Snitzer, E. The nonlinear refractive index of glass. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 1974, QE-10, 473-475.
42. Töpfer, T.; Hein, J.; Philipps, J.; Ehrt, D.; Sauerbrey, E. Tailoring the nonlinear refractive index of fluoride-phosphate glasses for laser applications. Appl. Phys. B 2000, 71, 203-206.
43. Agrawal, G.P.; Flytzanis, C. Delocalization and superalternation effects in the nonlinear susceptibilities of one-dimensional systems. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1976, 44, 366-370.
44. DiGiovanni, D.J.; MacChesney, J.B.; Kometani, T.Y. Structure and properties of silica containing aluminum and phosphorus near the AlPO4 join. J. Non Cryst. Solids 1989, 113, 58-64.
45. Yamamoto, H.; Akiyama, K.; Hirata, T.; Murakami, Y. Dependence of Yb2O3/SiO2 Molar Ratio on High temperature Characteristics of Gas Pressure Sintered Si3N4. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 2005, 113, 325-329.
46. Karbasi, S.; Hawkins, T.; Ballato, J.; Koch, K.; Mafi, A. Transverse Anderson localization in a disordered glass optical fiber. Opt. Mater. Express 2012, 2, 1496-1503.
47. Karbasi, S.; Frazier, R.; Koch, K.; Hawkins, T.; Ballato, J.; Mafi, A. Image Transport through a Disordered Optical Fiber Mediated by Transverse Anderson Localization. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, doi:10.1038/ncomms4362.
48. Dragic, P.; Ballato, J.; Morris, S.; Hawkins, T. The Brillouin gain coefficient of Yb-doped aluminosilicate glass optical fibers. Opt. Mater. 2013, 35, 1627-1632.
49. Dragic, P.; Litzkendorf, D.; Kucera, C.; Ballato, J.; Schuster, K. Brillouin Scattering Properties of Lanthano-Aluminosilicate-Core Optical Fiber. Appl. Opt. 2014, submitted.
50. MacChesney, J.; DiGiovanni, D. Materials Development of Optical Fiber. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 1990, 73, 3537-3556.
51. Nagel, S.; MacChesney, J.; Walker, K. An Overview of the Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) Process and Performance. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 1982, 30, 305-322.
52. Izawa, T. Early days of VAD process. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2000, 6, 1220-1227.
53. Ballato, J.; Snitzer, E. Fabrication of Fibers with High Rare-Earth Concentrations for Faraday Isolator Applications. Appl. Opt. 1995, 34, 6848-6854.
54. Morris, S.; Ballato, J. Molten Core Fabrication of Novel Optical Fibers. Bull. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2013, 92, 24-29.