메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 101, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 357-372

Amphimixis and the individual in evolving populations: Does Weismann's Doctrine apply to all, most or a few organisms?

Author keywords

Evolutionary theory; Expanded synthesis; Individuality; Life cycle evolution; Multicellularity; Multilevel selection theory

Indexed keywords

BIOFILM; EVOLUTIONARY THEORY; HETEROCHRONY (ONTOGENY); LIFE HISTORY TRAIT; NATURAL SELECTION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION;

EID: 84902175851     PISSN: 00281042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00114-014-1164-4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (11)

References (87)
  • 3
    • 79955619429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Germline specification and function in plants
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXnslansLw%3D 21332359 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110- 103824
    • Berger F, Twell D (2011) Germline specification and function in plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol 62:461-484
    • (2011) Annu Rev Plant Biol , vol.62 , pp. 461-484
    • Berger, F.1    Twell, D.2
  • 4
    • 84891692356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model species in evo-devo: A philosophical perspective
    • 24393467 10.1111/ede.12056
    • Bolker JA (2014) Model species in evo-devo: a philosophical perspective. Evol Dev 16:49-56
    • (2014) Evol Dev , vol.16 , pp. 49-56
    • Bolker, J.A.1
  • 5
    • 84888059913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unwanted evolution
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhvV2ksbfL 24264980 10.1126/science.1247887
    • Bozic I, Nowak MA (2013) Unwanted evolution. Science 342:938-939
    • (2013) Science , vol.342 , pp. 938-939
    • Bozic, I.1    Nowak, M.A.2
  • 6
    • 0034020551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perspective: Sex, recombination, and the efficacy of selection - Was Weismann right?
    • Burt A (2000) Sex, recombination and the efficacy of selection: was Weismann right? Evolution 54:337-351 (Pubitemid 30263910)
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 337-351
    • Burt, A.1
  • 7
    • 0020729662 scopus 로고
    • Evolution, development, and the units of selection
    • 1:STN:280:DyaL3s7ksVSrsw%3D%3D 393602 6572396 10.1073/pnas.80.5.1387
    • Buss LW (1983) Evolution, development, and the units of selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 80:1387-1391
    • (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.80 , pp. 1387-1391
    • Buss, L.W.1
  • 9
    • 84871620014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular cooperation: Insights from microbes
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVGmtQ%3D%3D 22999189 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.08.010
    • Celiker H, Gore J (2013) Cellular cooperation: insights from microbes. Trends Cell Biol 23:9-15
    • (2013) Trends Cell Biol , vol.23 , pp. 9-15
    • Celiker, H.1    Gore, J.2
  • 11
    • 0024184957 scopus 로고
    • Alternative formulations of multilevel selection
    • 10.1007/BF00647962
    • Damuth J, Heisler IL (1988) Alternative formulations of multilevel selection. Biol Philos 3:407-430
    • (1988) Biol Philos , vol.3 , pp. 407-430
    • Damuth, J.1    Heisler, I.L.2
  • 14
    • 0013277790 scopus 로고
    • Adaptation in pantothenate-requiring Neurospora. II. Nuclear competition during adaptation
    • 10.2307/2439515
    • Davis RH (1960) Adaptation in pantothenate-requiring Neurospora. II. Nuclear competition during adaptation. Am J Bot 47:648-654
    • (1960) Am J Bot , vol.47 , pp. 648-654
    • Davis, R.H.1
  • 15
    • 1842816486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drosophila myc regulates organ size by inducing cell competition
    • DOI 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00214-4, PII S0092867404002144
    • de la Cova C, Abril M, Bellosta P, Gallant P, Johnston LA (2004) Drosophila Myc regulates organ size by inducing cell competition. Cell 117:107-116 (Pubitemid 38469902)
    • (2004) Cell , vol.117 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-116
    • De La Cova, C.1    Abril, M.2    Bellosta, P.3    Gallant, P.4    Johnston, L.A.5
  • 18
    • 84885653845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safeguards for cell cooperation in mouse embryogenesis shown by genome-wide cheater screen
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsFSmsLjJ 24030493 10.1126/science.1241628
    • Dejosez M, Hiroki U, Brandt VL, Zwake TP (2013) Safeguards for cell cooperation in mouse embryogenesis shown by genome-wide cheater screen. Science 341:1511-1514
    • (2013) Science , vol.341 , pp. 1511-1514
    • Dejosez, M.1    Hiroki, U.2    Brandt, V.L.3    Zwake, T.P.4
  • 19
    • 70350341230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bridging the generation gap: Flowering plant gametophytes and animal germlines reveal unexpected similarities
    • 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2009.00088.x
    • Dickson HG, Grant-Downton R (2009) Bridging the generation gap: flowering plant gametophytes and animal germlines reveal unexpected similarities. Biol Rev 84:589-615
    • (2009) Biol Rev , vol.84 , pp. 589-615
    • Dickson, H.G.1    Grant-Downton, R.2
  • 20
    • 84898844058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assembly and loss of the polar flagellum in plant-associated methylobacteria
    • in press
    • Doerges L, Kutschera U (2014) Assembly and loss of the polar flagellum in plant-associated methylobacteria. Naturwissenschaften (in press)
    • (2014) Naturwissenschaften
    • Doerges, L.1    Kutschera, U.2
  • 22
    • 0016203778 scopus 로고
    • Rates of RNA-synthesis during early embryogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster
    • 1:CAS:528:DyaE2cXlsVyku7o%3D 4213349 10.1016/0012-1606(74)90109-2
    • Fausto-Sterling A, Zheutlin LM, Brown PR (1974) Rates of RNA-synthesis during early embryogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Biol 40:78-83
    • (1974) Dev Biol , vol.40 , pp. 78-83
    • Fausto-Sterling, A.1    Zheutlin, L.M.2    Brown, P.R.3
  • 23
    • 78650090438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is an individual organism? A multilevel selection perspective
    • 21243964 10.1086/656905
    • Folse HJ Jr, Roughgarden J (2010) What is an individual organism? A multilevel selection perspective. Q Rev Biol 85:447-472
    • (2010) Q Rev Biol , vol.85 , pp. 447-472
    • Folse, Jr.H.J.1    Roughgarden, J.2
  • 24
    • 79951809755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sociobiology of molecular systems
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXitVOhu7c%3D 21301472 10.1038/nrg2903
    • Foster KR (2011) The sociobiology of molecular systems. Nat Rev Genet 12:193-203
    • (2011) Nat Rev Genet , vol.12 , pp. 193-203
    • Foster, K.R.1
  • 25
    • 84867350031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydra meiosis reveals unexpected conservation of structural synaptonemal complex proteins across metazoans
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhsFKltrjO 3478637 23012415 10.1073/pnas.1206875109
    • Fraune J, Alsheimer M, Volff J-N, Busch K, Fraune S, Bosch TCG, Benavente R (2012) Hydra meiosis reveals unexpected conservation of structural synaptonemal complex proteins across metazoans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:16588-16593
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.109 , pp. 16588-16593
    • Fraune, J.1    Alsheimer, M.2    Volff, J.-N.3    Busch, K.4    Fraune, S.5    Bosch, T.C.G.6    Benavente, R.7
  • 27
  • 29
    • 0032525964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LIN-12/Notch signaling: Lessons from worms and flies
    • Greenwald I (1998) LIN-1,2/Notch signaling: lessons from worms and flies. Genes Dev 12:1751-1762 (Pubitemid 28304327)
    • (1998) Genes and Development , vol.12 , Issue.12 , pp. 1751-1762
    • Greenwald, I.1
  • 32
    • 0013770278 scopus 로고
    • The genetical evolution of social behavior. II
    • 1:STN:280:DyaF2s7jtVehsw%3D%3D 5875340 10.1016/0022-5193(64)90039-6
    • Hamilton WD (1964) The genetical evolution of social behavior. II. J Theor Biol 7:17-52
    • (1964) J Theor Biol , vol.7 , pp. 17-52
    • Hamilton, W.D.1
  • 33
    • 84884975022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular differentiation and individuality in the 'minor' multicellular taxa
    • 23448295
    • Herron MD, Rashidi A, Sheldon DE, Driscoll WW (2013) Cellular differentiation and individuality in the 'minor' multicellular taxa. Biol Rev 88:844-861
    • (2013) Biol Rev , vol.88 , pp. 844-861
    • Herron, M.D.1    Rashidi, A.2    Sheldon, D.E.3    Driscoll, W.W.4
  • 36
    • 77953618876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the shadow of Darwin: Anton de Bary's origin of myxomycetology and a molecular phylogeny of the plasmodial slime molds
    • 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cvot1ertA%3D%3D 19997788 10.1007/s12064-009-0079-7
    • Hoppe T, Kutschera U (2010) In the shadow of Darwin: Anton de Bary's origin of myxomycetology and a molecular phylogeny of the plasmodial slime molds. Theory Biosci 129:15-23
    • (2010) Theory Biosci , vol.129 , pp. 15-23
    • Hoppe, T.1    Kutschera, U.2
  • 37
    • 51249085666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary significance of imbalanced nuclear ratios within heterokaryons of the basidiomycete fungus Heterobasidion parviporum
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1Sqt7bJ 18637961 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00462.x
    • James TY, Stenlid J, Olson A, Johannesson H (2008) Evolutionary significance of imbalanced nuclear ratios within heterokaryons of the basidiomycete fungus Heterobasidion parviporum. Evolution 62:2279-2296
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 2279-2296
    • James, T.Y.1    Stenlid, J.2    Olson, A.3    Johannesson, H.4
  • 38
    • 0344183880 scopus 로고
    • Heterokaryosis: A system of adaptation in wild fungi
    • 1:STN:280:DyaG3s%2FivVentQ%3D%3D 13003914 10.1098/rspb.1952.0046
    • Jinks JL (1952) Heterokaryosis: a system of adaptation in wild fungi. Proc R Soc Lond B 140:83-99
    • (1952) Proc R Soc Lond B , vol.140 , pp. 83-99
    • Jinks, J.L.1
  • 39
    • 73949097026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symbiogenesis, natural selection, and the dynamic Earth
    • 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1Mjgsl2gtw%3D%3D 19399544 10.1007/s12064-009-0065-0
    • Kutschera U (2009a) Symbiogenesis, natural selection, and the dynamic Earth. Theory Biosci 128:191-203
    • (2009) Theory Biosci , vol.128 , pp. 191-203
    • Kutschera, U.1
  • 40
    • 70349904511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charles Darwin's Origin of Species, directional selection, and the evolutionary sciences today
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXht1CmtbnK 19756462 10.1007/s00114-009-0603-0
    • Kutschera U (2009b) Charles Darwin's Origin of Species, directional selection, and the evolutionary sciences today. Naturwissenschaften 96:1247-1263
    • (2009) Naturwissenschaften , vol.96 , pp. 1247-1263
    • Kutschera, U.1
  • 41
    • 84902161816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sprengel-Darwin principle of cross fertilisation and the queen of problems in evolutionary biology
    • Kutschera U (2010) Sprengel-Darwin principle of cross fertilisation and the queen of problems in evolutionary biology. Ann Hist Phil Biol 15:159-172
    • (2010) Ann Hist Phil Biol , vol.15 , pp. 159-172
    • Kutschera, U.1
  • 42
    • 79959646085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From the scala naturae to the symbiogenetic and dynamic tree of life
    • Kutschera U (2011) From the scala naturae to the symbiogenetic and dynamic tree of life. Biol Direct 6(33):1-20
    • (2011) Biol Direct , vol.6 , Issue.33 , pp. 1-20
    • Kutschera, U.1
  • 43
    • 84887822815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution
    • S. Maloy K. Hughes (eds) 2 Elsevier New York 10.1016/B978-0-12-374984-0. 00498-8
    • Kutschera U (2013) Evolution. In: Maloy S, Hughes K (eds) Brenner's Encyclopedia of genetics, vol 2. Elsevier, New York, pp 541-544
    • (2013) Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics , pp. 541-544
    • Kutschera, U.1
  • 44
    • 84882530962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913): The forgotten co-founder of the Neo-Darwinian theory of biological evolution
    • 23982797 10.1007/s12064-013-0187-2
    • Kutschera U, Hossfeld U (2013) Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913): the forgotten co-founder of the Neo-Darwinian theory of biological evolution. Theory Biosci 132:207-214
    • (2013) Theory Biosci , vol.132 , pp. 207-214
    • Kutschera, U.1    Hossfeld, U.2
  • 45
    • 3142775655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modern theory of biological evolution: An expanded synthesis
    • Kutschera U, Niklas KJ (2004) The modern theory of biological evolution: an expanded synthesis. Naturwissenschaften 91:255-276 (Pubitemid 38916481)
    • (2004) Naturwissenschaften , vol.91 , Issue.6 , pp. 255-276
    • Kutschera, U.1    Niklas, K.J.2
  • 46
    • 22444447768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endosymbiosis, cell evolution, and speciation
    • DOI 10.1016/j.thbio.2005.04.001, PII S1431761305000200
    • Kutschera U, Niklas KJ (2005) Endosymbiosis, cell evolution, and speciation. Theory Biosci 124:1-24 (Pubitemid 41008686)
    • (2005) Theory in Biosciences , vol.124 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-24
    • Kutschera, U.1    Niklas, K.J.2
  • 47
    • 48549100534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroevolution via secondary endosymbiosis: A Neo-Goldschmidtian view of unicellular hopeful monsters and Darwin's primordial intermediate form
    • 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1cvos1altw%3D%3D 18581157 10.1007/s12064-008-0046-8
    • Kutschera U, Niklas KJ (2008) Macroevolution via secondary endosymbiosis: a Neo-Goldschmidtian view of unicellular hopeful monsters and Darwin's primordial intermediate form. Theory Biosci 127:277-289
    • (2008) Theory Biosci , vol.127 , pp. 277-289
    • Kutschera, U.1    Niklas, K.J.2
  • 48
    • 84920869588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darwin-Wallace Demons: Survival of the fastest in populations of duckweeds and the evolutionary history of an enigmatic group of angiosperms
    • in press
    • Kutschera U, Niklas KJ (2014) Darwin-Wallace Demons: survival of the fastest in populations of duckweeds and the evolutionary history of an enigmatic group of angiosperms. Plant Biol (in press)
    • (2014) Plant Biol
    • Kutschera, U.1    Niklas, K.J.2
  • 49
    • 0014106493 scopus 로고
    • Nonrandom segregation of sister chromatids in Vicia faba and Triticum boeoticum
    • 1:STN:280:DyaF2s3hsF2rsA%3D%3D 335640 5231616 10.1073/pnas.58.1.352
    • Lark KG (1967) Nonrandom segregation of sister chromatids in Vicia faba and Triticum boeoticum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 58:352-359
    • (1967) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.58 , pp. 352-359
    • Lark, K.G.1
  • 50
    • 0014004452 scopus 로고
    • Segregation of sister chromatids in mammalian cells
    • 1:STN:280:DyaF2s%2FitFOmsQ%3D%3D 5921385 10.1126/science.154.3753.1202
    • Lark KG, Consigli RA, Minocha HC (1966) Segregation of sister chromatids in mammalian cells. Science 154:1202-1205
    • (1966) Science , vol.154 , pp. 1202-1205
    • Lark, K.G.1    Consigli, R.A.2    Minocha, H.C.3
  • 52
    • 56049095293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of the genetic determinants of meiosis suppression in Daphnia pulex
    • 2535684 18689898 10.1534/genetics.107.084657
    • Lynch M, Seyfert A, Eads B, Williams E (2008) Localization of the genetic determinants of meiosis suppression in Daphnia pulex. Genetics 180:317-327
    • (2008) Genetics , vol.180 , pp. 317-327
    • Lynch, M.1    Seyfert, A.2    Eads, B.3    Williams, E.4
  • 53
    • 7144223296 scopus 로고
    • Gene action in the X-chromosome of the mouse (Mus musculus L.)
    • 1:STN:280:DyaF3c%2FosVGksw%3D%3D 13764598 10.1038/190372a0
    • Lyon MF (1961) Gene action in the X-chromosome of the mouse (Mus musculus L.). Nature 190:372-373
    • (1961) Nature , vol.190 , pp. 372-373
    • Lyon, M.F.1
  • 55
    • 0042703673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the reorganization of fitness during evolutionary transitions in individuality
    • Michod RE, Nedelcu AM (2003) On the reorganization of fitness during evolutionary transitions in individuality. Integr Comp Biol 43:64-73 (Pubitemid 36953168)
    • (2003) Integrative and Comparative Biology , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-73
    • Michod, R.E.1    Nedelcu, A.M.2
  • 57
    • 84892604254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolutionary-developmental origins of multicellularity
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXltFGrtbk%3D 24363320 10.3732/ajb.1300314
    • Niklas KJ (2014b) The evolutionary-developmental origins of multicellularity. Am J Bot 101:6-25
    • (2014) Am J Bot , vol.101 , pp. 6-25
    • Niklas, K.J.1
  • 58
    • 68549130578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolutionary development of plant body plans
    • 10.1071/FP09107
    • Niklas KJ, Kutschera U (2009) The evolutionary development of plant body plans. Funct Plant Biol 36:682-695
    • (2009) Funct Plant Biol , vol.36 , pp. 682-695
    • Niklas, K.J.1    Kutschera, U.2
  • 59
    • 71249116114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of the land plant life cycle
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXpvFKnsQ%3D%3D 19863728 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03054. x
    • Niklas KJ, Kutschera U (2010) The evolution of the land plant life cycle. New Phytol 185:27-41
    • (2010) New Phytol , vol.185 , pp. 27-41
    • Niklas, K.J.1    Kutschera, U.2
  • 60
    • 84872668898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins of multicellular organisms
    • 23331916 10.1111/ede.12013
    • Niklas KJ, Newman SA (2013) The origins of multicellular organisms. Evol Dev 15:41-52
    • (2013) Evol Dev , vol.15 , pp. 41-52
    • Niklas, K.J.1    Newman, S.A.2
  • 61
    • 84888059863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evo-devo of multinucleate cells, tissues, and organisms, and an alternative route to multicellularity
    • 10.1111/ede.12055
    • Niklas KJ, Cobb ED, Crawford DR (2013) The evo-devo of multinucleate cells, tissues, and organisms, and an alternative route to multicellularity. Evol Dev 9:466-474
    • (2013) Evol Dev , vol.9 , pp. 466-474
    • Niklas, K.J.1    Cobb, E.D.2    Crawford, D.R.3
  • 62
    • 33845415805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Five rules for the evolution of cooperation
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1133755
    • Nowak MA (2006) Five rules for the evolution of cooperation. Science 314:1560-1563 (Pubitemid 44907141)
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , Issue.5805 , pp. 1560-1563
    • Nowak, M.A.1
  • 63
    • 77957191985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cheats as first propagules: A new hypothesis for the evolution of individuality during the transition from single cells to multicellularity
    • 20726010 10.1002/bies.201000039
    • Rainey PB, Kerr B (2010) Cheats as first propagules: a new hypothesis for the evolution of individuality during the transition from single cells to multicellularity. Bioessays 32:872-880
    • (2010) Bioessays , vol.32 , pp. 872-880
    • Rainey, P.B.1    Kerr, B.2
  • 64
    • 84874533555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scarcity may promote cooperation in populations of simple agents
    • 87 article 022819 (doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.87.022819)
    • Requejo RJ, Camacho J (2013) Scarcity may promote cooperation in populations of simple agents. Physical Rev E: 87 article 022819 (doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.87.022819)
    • (2013) Physical Rev e
    • Requejo, R.J.1    Camacho, J.2
  • 65
    • 0014348298 scopus 로고
    • Nonrandom sister chromatid segregation and nuclear migration in hyphae of Aspergillus nidulans
    • 1:STN:280:DyaF1M%2FhslChtA%3D%3D 252436 5685997
    • Rosenberger RF, Kessel M (1968) Nonrandom sister chromatid segregation and nuclear migration in hyphae of Aspergillus nidulans. J Bacteriol 96:1208-1213
    • (1968) J Bacteriol , vol.96 , pp. 1208-1213
    • Rosenberger, R.F.1    Kessel, M.2
  • 67
    • 84887823202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charles Robert Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace: Their dispute over the units of selection
    • 24014173 10.1007/s12064-013-0190-7
    • Ruse M (2013) Charles Robert Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace: their dispute over the units of selection. Theory Biosci 132:215-224
    • (2013) Theory Biosci , vol.132 , pp. 215-224
    • Ruse, M.1
  • 68
    • 20444370641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring embryonic germ line development in the water flea, Daphnia magna, by zinc-finger-containing VASA as a marker
    • DOI 10.1016/j.modgep.2005.02.007, PII S1567133X05000207
    • Sagawa K, Yamagata H, Shiga T (2005) Exploring embryonic germ line development in the water flee, Daphnia magna, by zinc-finger-containing VASA as a marker. Gene Expr Patterns 5:669-678 (Pubitemid 40796612)
    • (2005) Gene Expression Patterns , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 669-678
    • Sagawa, K.1    Yamagata, H.2    Shiga, Y.3
  • 70
    • 40049106646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylotrophic bacteria on the surfaces of field-grown sunflower plants: A biogeographic perspective
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXps1Omtb4%3D 18193314 10.1007/s12064-007-0020-x
    • Schauer S, Kutschera U (2008) Methylotrophic bacteria on the surfaces of field-grown sunflower plants: a biogeographic perspective. Theory Biosci 127:23-29
    • (2008) Theory Biosci , vol.127 , pp. 23-29
    • Schauer, S.1    Kutschera, U.2
  • 71
    • 0000538541 scopus 로고
    • The strategy of the red algal life history
    • 10.1086/283548
    • Searles RB (1980) The strategy of the red algal life history. Am Nat 115:113-120
    • (1980) Am Nat , vol.115 , pp. 113-120
    • Searles, R.B.1
  • 72
    • 84855505144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterozygote advantage as a natural consequence of adaption in diploids
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xkt1KrtQ%3D%3D 3251125 22143780 10.1073/pnas.1114573108
    • Sellis D, Callahan BJ, Petrov DA, Messer PW (2011) Heterozygote advantage as a natural consequence of adaption in diploids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:20666-20671
    • (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.108 , pp. 20666-20671
    • Sellis, D.1    Callahan, B.J.2    Petrov, D.A.3    Messer, P.W.4
  • 74
    • 84874605540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A general allometric and life-history model for cellular differentiation in the transition to multicellularity
    • 23448886 10.1086/669151
    • Solari CA, Kessler JO, Goldstein RE (2013) A general allometric and life-history model for cellular differentiation in the transition to multicellularity. Am Nat 181:369-380
    • (2013) Am Nat , vol.181 , pp. 369-380
    • Solari, C.A.1    Kessler, J.O.2    Goldstein, R.E.3
  • 75
    • 84884309534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From extortion to generosity, evolution in the iterated prisoner's dilemma
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsFOhtr7O 3780848 24003115 10.1073/pnas.1306246110
    • Stewart AJ, Plotkin JB (2013) From extortion to generosity, evolution in the iterated prisoner's dilemma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:15348-15353
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.110 , pp. 15348-15353
    • Stewart, A.J.1    Plotkin, J.B.2
  • 81
    • 84978583019 scopus 로고
    • Eine hydrobiologische Einleitung
    • 10.1002/iroh.19080010103
    • Weismann A (1908) Eine hydrobiologische Einleitung. Int Rev Ges Hydrobiol Hydrogeogr 1:1-9
    • (1908) Int Rev Ges Hydrobiol Hydrogeogr , vol.1 , pp. 1-9
    • Weismann, A.1
  • 83
    • 84864018967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the plant germ line - Nature or nurture
    • 22822136 10.1126/science.1224362
    • Whipple C (2012) Defining the plant germ line - nature or nurture. Science 337:301-302
    • (2012) Science , vol.337 , pp. 301-302
    • Whipple, C.1
  • 84
    • 0003898977 scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press Princeton
    • Williams GC (1975) Sex and evolution. Princeton University Press, Princeton
    • (1975) Sex and Evolution
    • Williams, G.C.1
  • 86
    • 84921853233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biological notion of individual
    • Stanford University
    • Wilson R, Barker M (2013) The biological notion of individual. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University (http://plato.stanford.edu/ archives/spr2013/entries/biology-individual/)
    • (2013) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
    • Wilson, R.1    Barker, M.2
  • 87
    • 0035543935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • August Weismann on germ-plasm variation
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1012950826540
    • Winther RG (2001) August Weismann on germplasm variation. J Hist Biol 34:517-555 (Pubitemid 34045671)
    • (2001) Journal of the History of Biology , vol.34 , Issue.3 , pp. 517-555
    • Winther, R.G.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.