Afterimage: Film, trauma and the holocaust

Afterimage: Film, Trauma and The Holocaust

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-213

  Hirsch, Joshua ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84901875858     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (201)

1. Abzug, Robert H. Inside the Vicious Heart: Americans and the Liberation of the Nazi Concentration Camps . New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
2. Adorno, Theodor. "Cultural Criticism and Society." In Prisms. Trans. Samuel and Shierry Weber. London: Neville Spearman, 1967.
3. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3d ed.-revised. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association, 1987.
4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
5. Arad, Yitzhak, ed. The Pictorial History of the Holocaust. New York: Macmillan, 1990.
6. Arthur, Paul. "The Appearance of History in Recent Avant-Garde Film." Framework 3 (1989-90): 39-45.
7. Auerbach, Erich. Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1953.
8. Auerhahn, Nanettec., and Dori Laub. "Intergenerational Memory of the Holocaust." In International Handbook of Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma. Ed. Yael Danieli. New York: Plenum, 1998. 21-41.
9. Avisar, Ilan. "Personal Fears and National Nightmares: The Holocaust Complex in Israeli Cinema." In Breaking Crystal: Writing and Memory After Auschwitz. Ed. Efraim Sicher. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998. 137-59.
10. Avisar, Ilan. Screening the Holocaust: Cinema's Images of the Unimaginable. Bloomington: University ofIndiana Press, 1988.
11. Avni, Ora. "Narrative Subject, Historic Subject: Shoah and La Place de l'Etoile." Poetics Today 12, no. 3 (1991): 495-516.
12. Barnouw, Erik. Documentary: A History of the Non-fiction Film. 2d rev. ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
13. Barthes, Roland. Writing Degree Zero. Trans. Annette Lavers and Colin Smith. New York: Hill and Wang, 1968.
14. Bartov, Orner. Murder in Our Midst: The Holocaust, Industrial Killing, and Representation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
15. Becker, Ernest. Angel in Armor: A Post-Freudian Perspective on the Nature of Man. New York: George Braziller, 1969.
16. Benjamin, Walter. "On Some Motifs in Baudelaire." In Illuminations . Trans. Harry Zohn. New York: Harcourt, Brace, & World, 1968. 157-202.
17. Benjamin, Walter. "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction." Film Theory and Criticism . Ed. Gerald Mast and Marshall Cohen. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. 848-70.
18. Berger, James. "Trauma and Literary Theory." Contemporary Literature 38, no. 3 (1997): 569-82.
19. Bernstein, Michael Andre. "The Schindler's List Effect." American Scholar 63, no. 3 (1994): 429-32.
20. Bersani, Leo, and Ulysse Dutoit. Arts of Impoverishment: Beckett, Rothko, Resnais. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.
21. Bettelheim, Bruno. The Informed Heart: Autonomy in a Mass Age. Glencoe, Ill.: The Free Press, 1960.
22. Blanchot, Maurice. "N'oubliez pas!" La Quinzaine litteraire 459 (1986).
23. Bloch, Marc. The Historians' Craft. Trans. Peter Putnam. New York: Vintage, 1953.
24. Bordwell, David. Making Meaning: Inference and Rhetoric in the Interpretation of Cinema. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.
25. Bordwell, David, Janet Staiger, and Kristin Thompson. The Classical Hollywood Cinema: Film Style and Mode of Production to 1960. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
26. Braham, Randolph L. "Hungary." In The World Reacts to the Holocaust. Ed. David S. Wyman. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. 207-23.
27. Braham, Randolph L. The Politics of Genocide: The Holocaust in Hungary. New York: Columbia University Press, 1981.
28. Bresnick, Adam. "The Six-Billion-Dollar Man." Times Literary Supplement, 18 July 1997, 18-19.
29. Burton, Julianne. "Democratizing Documentary: Modes of Address in the New Latin American Cinema, 1958-1972." In The Social Documentary in Latin America. Ed. Julianne Burton. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990. 49-84.
30. Caruth, Cathy. Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.
31. Caruth, Cathy, ed. Trauma: Explorations in Memory. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
32. Cayrol, Jean. Foreign Bodies. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1960.
33. Cayrol, Jean. Je vivrai l'amour des autres. Paris: Seuil, 1947-50.
34. Cayrol, Jean. Miroir de la redemption. Neuchatel: Editions de la Baconniere, 1944.
35. Cayrol, Jean. Poemes de la nuit et du brouillard. Paris: Seghers, 1946.
36. Cheyette, Bryan. "The Uncertain Certainty of Schindler's List." In Spielberg's Holocaust: Critical Perspectives on "Schilldler's List" Ed. Yosefa Loshitzky. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. 226-38.
37. Colombat, Andre Pierre. The Holocaust in French Film . Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1993.
38. Danieli, Yael. "Therapists' Difficulties in Treating Survivors of the Nazi Holocaust and Their Children." Ph.D. diss. New York University, 1981.
39. Danieli, Yael, ed. International Handbook of Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma . New York: Plenum, 1998.
40. Davies, Mark I., and David M. Clark "Predictors of Analogue Post-Traumatic Intrusive Cognitions." Behavioral and Cognitive Psychology 26 (1998): 303-14.
41. Dawidowicz, Lucy S. "Visualizing the Warsaw Ghetto." Shoah: A Review of Holocaust Studies and Commemorations 1, no. 1 (1978): 5+.
42. Doneson, Judith. "The Jew as a Female Figure in Holocaust Film." Shoah: A Review of Holocaust Studies and Commemorations 1, no. 1 (1978): 11-13, 18.
43. Duras, Marguerite. The War: A Memoir. Trans. Barbara Bray. New York: Pantheon, 1986.
44. Edelheit, Abraham J., and Hershel Edelheit, eds. History of the Holocaust: A Handbook and Dictionary. Boulder: Westview, 1994.
45. Elsaesser, Thomas. "Postmodernism as Mourning Work" Screen 42, no. 2 (2001): 193-201.
46. Elsaesser, Thomas. "Subject Positions, Speaking Positions: From Holocaust, Our Hitler, and Heimat to Shoah and Schindler's List." In The Persistence of History: Cinema, Television, and the Modernist Event. Ed. Vivian Sobchack New York: Routledge, 1996. 145-83.
47. Felman, Shoshana. "The Return of the Voice: Claude Lanzmann's Shoah." In Testimony: Crises of Witnessing in Literature, Psychoanalysis, and History. By Shoshana Felman and Dori Laub. New York: Routledge, 1992. 204-83.
48. Felman, Shoshana, and Dori Laub. Testimony: Crises of Witnessing in Literature, Psychoanalysis, and History. New York: Routledge, 1992.
49. Fine, Ellen S. "The Absent Memory: The Act of Writing in Post-Holocaust French Literature." In Writing and the Holocaust. Ed. Berel Lang. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1988. 41-57.
50. Foster, Hal. "Postmodernism: A Preface." In The Anti-Aesthetic: Essays on Postmodern Culture. Ed. Hal Foster. Port Townsend, Wash.: Bay Press, 1983. ix-xvi.
51. Frances-Rousseau, Pierre. Intact aux yeux du monde. Paris: Hachette, 1987.
52. Frankel, Fred H. "The Concept of Flashbacks in Historical Perspective." International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 42, no. 4 (1994): 321- 34.
53. Frankl, Viktor. From Death Camp to Existentialism: A Psychiatrist's Path to a New Therapy. Trans. Ilse Lasch. Boston: Beacon, 1959.
54. Fresco, Nadine. "Remembering the Unknown." International Review of PsychoAnalysis 11 (1984): 417-27.
55. Freud, Sigmund. Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Trans. and ed. James Strachey. London: Hogarth, 1955. Vol. XVIII, The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud.
56. Freud, Sigmund. The Interpretation of Dreams. Trans. and ed. James Strachey. London: Hogarth, 1955. Vols. IV and V, The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud.
57. Freud, Sigmund. Moses and Monotheism. Trans. and ed. James Strachey. London: Hogarth, 1964. Vol. XXIII, The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud.
58. Freud, Sigmund. The Psychopathology of Everyday Life. Trans. and ed. James Strachey. London: Hogarth, 1966. Vol. VI, The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud.
59. Freud, Sigmund. Totem and Taboo. Trans. and ed. James Strachey. London: Hogarth, 1950. Vol. XIII, The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud.
60. Freyer, Ellen. "Chronicle of a Summer-Ten Years After." In The Documentary Tradition: From Nanook to Woodstock. Ed. Lewis Jacobs. New York: Hopkinson and Blake, 1971. 437-43.
61. Friedberg, William. "Nazi Concentration Camp Reactivated For Film." New York Times, 20 February 1949, sec. 2: 5.
62. Friedlander, Saul. Memory, History, and the Extermination of the Jews of Europe. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993.
63. Friedlander, Saul, ed. Probing the Limits of Representation: Nazism and the "Final Solution ." Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992.
64. Galloway, David. Edward Lewis Wallant. Boston: Twayne-G. K. Hall, 1979.
65. Gannon, J. Patrick. "The Traumatic Commercial Film Experience: An Extension of Laboratory Findings on Stress in a Naturalistic Setting." PhD. diss. California School of Professional Psychology, 1979.
66. Genette, Gerard. Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method. Trans. Jane E. Lewin. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1980.
67. Goodwin, Jim. "The Etiology of Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders." In Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders of the Vietnam Veteran . Ed. Tom Williams. Cincinnati: Disabled American Veterans, 1980.
68. Greene, Naomi. Landscapes of Loss: The National Past in Postwar French Cinema. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.
69. Gutman, Israel, ed. Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. New York: Macmillan, 1990.
70. Halbwachs, Maurice. "The Social Frameworks of Memory." In On Collective Memory. Trans. Lewis A. Coser. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. 37-189.
71. Hallam, Julia, and Margaret Marshment. Realism and Popular Cinema. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000.
72. Hansen, Miriam Bratu. "Schindler's List is not Shoah: The Second Commandment, Popular Modernism, and Public Memory." Critical Inquiry 22, no. 2: 292-312. Reprinted in Spielberg's Holocaust: Critical Perspectives 011 Schindler's List. Ed. Yosefa Loshitzky. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.77-103.
73. Hartman, Geoffrey H. "Holocaust Testimony, Art, and Trauma." In The Longest Shadow: In the Aftermath of the Holocaust. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. 151-72.
74. Hartman, Geoffrey H. "On Traumatic Knowledge and Literary Studies." New Literary History 26, no. 3 (1995): 537-63.
75. Higgins, Lynn A. New Novel, New Wave, New Politics: Fiction and the Representation of History in Postwar Frallce. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1996.
76. Hilberg, Raul. The Destruction of the European Jews. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1985.
77. Hoberman, J. "Schindler's List: Myth, Movie, Memory." Village Voice, 29 March 1994, 24-31.
78. Hoberman, J. " 'Shoah': Witness to Annihilation." Village Voice, 29 October, 1985, 46.
79. Horowitz, Mardi J. "Flashbacks: Recurrent Intrusive Images After the Use of LSD." American Journal of Psychiatry 126, no. 4 (1969): 565-69.
80. Horowitz, Mardi J. Image Formation and Psychotherapy. New York: Jason Aronson, 1983.
81. Horowitz, Mardi J. "Psychic Trauma: Return of Images After a Stress Film." Archives of General Psychiatry 20 (1969): 552-59.
82. Horowitz, Mardi, and Nancy Wilner. "Stress Films, Emotion, and Cognitive Response." Archives of General Psychiatry 30 (1976): 1339-44.
83. Horowitz, Sara R. "But Is It Good for the Jews? Spielberg's Schindler and the Aesthetics of Atrocity." In Spielberg's Holocaust: Critical Perspectives on "Schindler's List." Ed. Yosefa Loshitzky. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. 119-39.
84. Howe, Irving. "Writing and the Holocaust." In Writing and the Holocaust. Ed. Berel Lang. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1988. 175-99.
85. Hughes, Robert. "Hiroshima, mon amour: A Composite Interview with Alain Resnais." In Film: Book 2; Films of War and Peace. Ed. Robert Hughes. New York: Grove, 1962. 49-64.
86. Huyssen, Andreas. "The Politics of Identification: Holocaust and West Germany." New German Critique 19 (1980): 117-36.
87. Insdorf, Annette. Indelible Shadows: Film and the Holocaust. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
88. Jameson, Fredric. "Postmodernism and Consumer Society." In The AntiAesthetic: Essays on Postmodern Culture. Ed. Hal Foster. Port Townsend, Wash.: Bay Press, 1983. 111-25.
89. Janet, Pierre. The Major Symptoms of Hysteria. 2d ed. New York: Macmillan, 1920.
90. Jewish Film Directory. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1992.
91. Kaplan, E. Ann. "Melodrama, Cinema, and Trauma." Screen 42, no. 2 (2001): 201-5.
92. Kardiner, Abram. The Traumatic Neuroses of War. New York: Paul B. HoeberHarper & Brothers, 1941.
93. Kellerman, Natan P. F. "Psychopathology in Children of Holocaust Survivors: A Review of the Research Literature." The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences 1 (2001): 36-46.
94. Key, Wilson Bryan. The Clam-Plate Orgy, and Other Subliminals the Media Use to Manipulate Your Behavior. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1980.
95. Kirmayer, Laurence J. "Landscapes of Memory: Trauma, Narrative, and Dissociation." In Tense Past: Cultural Essays in Trauma and Memory. Ed. Paul Antze and Michael Lambek. New York: Routledge, 1996. 173-98.
96. Knapp, Bettina. French Novelists Speak Out. Troy, N.Y.: Whitson, 1976.
97. Koch, Gertrud. "The Aesthetic Transformation of the Image of the Unimaginable." October 48 (1989): 15-24.
98. Koch, Gertrud. "The Angel of Forgetfulness and the Black Box of Facticity: Trauma and Memory in Claude Lanzmann's Film Shoah." Trans. Ora Wiskind. History and Memory 3, no. 1 (1991): 119-32.
99. Konigsberg, Ira. "Our Children and the Limits of Cinema: Early Jewish Responses to the Holocaust." Film Quarterly 52, no. 1 (1998): 7-19.
100. Kosztolanyi, Gusztav. "Jewish Life in Hungary, Part One." Central Europe Review 2, no. 4 (2000) .
101. Krantz, Charles K. "Alain Resnais' Nuit et Brouillard: A Historical and Cultural Analysis." Holocaust Studies Annual 3 (1985): 107-20.
102. Kreidl, John Francis. Alain Resnais. Boston: Twayne, 1977.
103. Kristeva, Julia. "The Pain of Sorrow in the Modem World: The Works of Marguerite Duras." PMLA 102, no. 2 (1987): 138-52.
104. Krystal, Henry, ed. Massive Psychic Trauma. New York: International Universities Press, 1968.
105. Krystal, Henry, and William G. Niederland. "Clinical Observations on the Survivor Syndrome." In Massive Psychic Trauma. Ed. Henry Krysta!. New York: International Universities Press, 1968. 327-48.
106. LaCapra, Dominick. History and Memory After Auschwitz. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998.
107. LaCapra, Dominick. "Lanzmann's Shoah: 'Here There Is No Why.'" Critical Inquiry 23, no. 2 (1997): 245-50. Reprinted in LaCapra, History and Memory After Auschwitz, 95-138.
108. LaCapra, Dominick. Representing the Holocaust: History, Theory, Trauma . Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.
109. Landy, Marcia. Cinematic Uses of the Past. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.
110. Lang, Berel' "The Representation of Limits." In Probing the Limits of Representation: Nazism and the "Final Solution ." Ed. Saul Friedlander. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992. 300-317.
111. Langer, Lawrence. Admitting the Holocaust: Collected Essays. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
112. Langer, Lawrence. Holocaust Testimonies: The Ruins of Memory. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.
113. Lanzmann, Claude. "From the Holocaust to the Holocaust ." Telos 42 (1979- 80): 141.
114. Lanzmann, Claude. "Les Non-lieux de la memoire." InAu sujet de "Shoah": Le Film de Claude Lanzmann. Ed. Michel Deguy. Paris: Belin, 1990.
115. Lanzmann, Claude. "Seminar With Claude Lanzmann: 11 April 1990." Yale French Studies 79 (1991): 82- 99.
116. Lanzmann, Claude. Shoah: The Complete Text of the Acclaimed Holocaust Film . New York: Da Capo, 1995.
117. Lanzmann, Claude. "Why Spielberg Has Distorted the Truth." Guardian Weekly, 3 April, 1994, 14.
118. Laplanche, Jean, and J. B. Pontalis. The Language of Psycho-analysis. Trans. Donald Nicholson Smith. New York: W. W. Norton, 1973.
119. Lazarus, R. S., et al. "A Laboratory Study of Psychological Stress Produced by a Motion Picture Film." Psychological Monographs 76 (1962).
120. Lewis, Roger. "On the Producer." In Movie People: At Work in the Business of Film . Ed. Fred Baker. New York: Douglas, 1972. 11-22.
121. Lewy, Guenter. The Nazi Persecution of the Gypsies. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
122. Leyda, Jay. Films Beget Films. New York: Hill and Wang, 1964.
123. Loshitzky, Yosefa. "Holocaust Others: Spielberg's Schindler's List versus Lanzmann's Shoah." In Spielberg's Holocaust: Critical Perspectives on "Schindler's List." Ed. Yosefa Loshitzky. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. 104-18.
124. Losson, Nicolas. "Notes on the Images of the Camps." Trans. Annette Michelson. October 90 (1999): 25-35.
125. Louvish, Simon. "Spielberg's Apocalypse." Sight & Sound 4, no. 3 (1994): 12-15.
126. Lumet, Sidney. "Keep Them on the Hook." Films and Filming 11, no. 1 (1964): 19-20.
127. MacCann, Lisa, and Laurie Anne Pearlman, "Vicarious Traumatization: A Framework for Understanding the Psychological Effects of Working with Victims." Journal of Traumatic Stress 3, no. 1 (1990): 131-49.
128. Marks, Laura U. The Skin of the Film: Intercultural Cinema, Embodiment, and the Senses. Durham: Duke University Press, 2000.
129. Maslin, Janet. " 'Meeting Venus' Sings of Politics." New York Times, 10 November 1991, sec. 2, 17-18.
130. Mehlman, Jeffrey. Legacies of Anti-Semitism in France. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983.
131. Mellman, Thomas A., and Glenn C. Davis. "Combat-Related Flashbacks in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Phenomenology and Similarity to Panic Attacks." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 46, no. 9 (1985): 379-32.
132. Mercer, Kobena. "Recoding Narratives of Race and Nation." In Postmodern Afterimages. Ed. Peter Brooker and Will Brooker. New York: Arnold/St. Martins, 1997. 129-45.
133. Merritt, Russell L. ''Mr. Griffith, The Painted Lady, and the Distractive Frame." Image [Rochester] 19, no. 4 (1976): 26-30.
134. Metz, Christian. The Imaginary Signifier: Psychoanalysis and the Cinema. Trans. Celia Britton, Annwyl Williams, Ben Brewster, and Alfred Guzzetti. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975-82.
135. Mimura, Glen Masato. "Antidote for Collective Amnesia? Rea Tajiri's Germinal Image." In Countervisions: Asian American Film Criticism. Ed. Darrell Y. Hamamoto and Sandra Liu. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000. 150-62.
136. Monaco, James. Alain Resnais. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.
137. Mulvey, Laura. "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema." In Movies and Methods. Ed. Bill Nichols. Vol. 2. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985. 303-15.
138. Miinsterberg, Hugo. The Film: A Psychological Study. New York: Dover, 1970 [1916] .
139. Nichols, Bill. Blurred Boundaries: Questions of Meaning in Contemporary Culture. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.
140. Nichols, Bill. Representing Reality: Issues and Concepts in Documentary. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991.
141. Niederland, William G. "An Interpretation of the Psychological Stresses and Defenses in Concentration Camp Life and the Late Aftereffects." In Massive Psychic Trauma . Ed. Henry Krystal. New York: International Universities Press, 1968. 60-70.
142. Nietzsche, Friedrich. On the Genealogy of Morals. Trans. Walter Kaufmann and R. J. Hollingdale. New York: Vintage, 1989.
143. Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Use and Abuse of History. Trans. Adrian Collins. Indianapolis: BobbsMerrill, 1949.
144. Ozsvath, Zsuzsanna. "Can Words Kill? Anti-Semitic Texts and Their Impact on the Hungarian Jewish Catastrophe." In The Holocaust in Hungary: Fifty Years Later. Ed. Randolph L. Braham and Attila Pok. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997. 79-116.
145. Packard, Vance Oakley. The Hidden Persuaders. New York: D. McKay, 1957.
146. Paul, David. "Szabo." In Five Filmmakers. Ed. Daniel J. Goulding. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994. 156-208.
147. Plantinga, Carl R. Rhetoric and Representation in Nonfiction Film. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
148. Polanski, Roman. Roman. New York: William Morrow, 1984.
149. Predal, Rene. Alain Resnais. Paris: Minard, 1968.
150. Proust, Marcel. Remembrance of Things Past. Trans. C. K. Scott Moncrieff, Terence Kilmartin, and Andreas Mayor. New York: Vintage, 1981.
151. Prouty, Richard. "The Well-Furnished Interior of the Masses: Kirsanoff's Menilmontant and the Streets of Paris." Cinema Journal 36, no. 1 (1996): 3-17.
152. Rabinowitz, Paula. They Must Be Represented: The Politics of Documentary. New York: Verso, 1994.
153. Radnoti, Miklos. Under Gemini, A Prose Memoir and Selected Poetry. Trans. Kenneth and Zita McRobbie and Jascha Kessler. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1985.
154. Radstone, Susannah. "Trauma and Screen Studies: Opening the Debate." Screen 42, no. 2 (2001): 188-93.
155. Raskin, Richard. Nuit et Brouillard by Alain Resnais: On the Making, Reception, and Functions of a Major Documentary Film . Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1987.
156. Rauch, Angelika. "Post-Traumatic Hermeneutics: Melancholia in the Wake of Trauma." Diacritics 28, no. 4 (1998): 111-20.
157. Renov, Michael. "The Subject in History : The New Autobiography in Film and Video." Afterimage 17, no. 1 (1989): 4-7.
158. Robbe-Grillet, Alain. "Alain Robbe-Grillet." In Three Decades of the French New Novel. Ed. Lois Oppenheim. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.
159. Rosenblum, Ralph, and Robert Karen. When the Shooting Stops . . . The Cutting Begins. New York: Viking, 1979.
160. Rothberg, Michael. Traumatic Realism: The Demands of Holocaust Represen tation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2000.
161. Rousso, Henry. The Vichy Syndrome: History and Memory in France Since 1944. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1991.
162. Santner, Eric. "History Beyond the Pleasure Principle: Some Thoughts on the Representation of Trauma." In Probing the Limits of Representation: Nazism and the "Final Solution." Ed. Saul Friedlander. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992, 143-54.
163. Santner, Eric. Stranded Objects: Mourning, Memory, and Film in Post-war Germany. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990.
164. Scarry, Elaine. The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
165. Schaeffer, Susan Fromberg. Anya. New York: Macmillan, 1974.
166. Semprun, Jorge. The Long Voyage. Trans. Richard Seaver. New York: Grove, 1964.
167. Short, K.R.M., and Stephan Dolezel. Hitler's Fall: The Newsreel Witness. New York: Croon Helm, 1988.
168. Silverman, Kaja. "Historical Trauma and Male Subjectivity." In Psychoanalysis and Cinema. Ed. E. Ann Kaplan. New York: Routledge, 1990. 110- 27. Reprinted in Male Subjectivity at the Margins. By Kaja Silverman. New York: Routledge, 1992.
169. Sobchack, Vivian. "Inscribing Ethical Space: Ten Propositions on Death, Representation, and Documentary." Quarterly Review of Film Studies 9, no. 4 (1984): 283-300.
170. Sontag, Susan. On Photography. New York: Anchor, 1990.
171. Spiegelman, Art. Maus: A Survivor's Tale. New York: Pantheon, 1986.
172. Spiegelman, Art. Maus: A Survivor's Tale II: And Here My Troubles Began. New York: Pantheon, 1991.
173. Starn, Robert, Robert Burgoyne, and Sandy Flitterman-Lewis, eds. New Vocabularies in Film Semiotics. New York: Routledge, 1992.
174. Sturken, Marita. "The Politics of Video Memory: Electronic Erasures and Inscriptions." In Resolutions: Contemporary Video Practices. Ed. Michael Renov and Erika Suderburg. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996. 1-12.
175. Suderburg, Erika. "The Electronic Corpse: Notes for an Alternative Language of History and Amnesia." In Resolutions: Contemporary Video Practices. Ed. Michael Renov and Erika Suderburg. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.102-23.
176. Truffaut, Francois. "Rencontre avec Alain Resnais." Arts et Spectacles, 22 February, 1956, 5. Reprinted in Nuit et Brouillard by Alain Resnais: On the Making, Reception, and Functions of a Major Documentary Film. Ed. Richard Raskin. Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1987. 138.
177. Tugend, Tom. "Szabo's Challenges of History." The Jeru salem Post Internet Edition, 11 July 2000, http://www.jpost.com/Editions/20006/29/ CuIture/CuItureNews.8949.html >.
178. Turim, Maureen. Flashbacks in Film: Memory and History. New York: Routledge, 1989.
179. Turim, Maureen. "The Trauma of History: Flashbacks Upon Flashbacks." Screen 42, no. 2 (2001): 205-10.
180. Van der Kolk, Bessel, and Onno van der Hart. "The Intrusive Past: The Flexibility of Memory and the Engraving of Trauma." In Trauma: Explorations in Memory. Ed. Cathy Caruth. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
181. Virilio, Paul. War and Cinema. Trans. Patrick Camiller. New York: Verso, 1989.
182. Walker, Janet. "The Traumatic Paradox: Documentary Films, Historical Fictions and Cataclysmic Past Events." Signs 22, no. 4 (1997): 803-25.
183. Wallant, Edward Lewis. The Pawnbroker. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1961.
184. Wallant, Edward Lewis. "The Artist's Eyesight." In Teacher's Notebook in English. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World School Department, 1963.
185. Weinberg, David. "France." In The World Reacts to the Holocaust. Ed. David S. Wyman. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. 3-44.
186. Weis, Elisabeth. "Family Portraits." American Film 1, no. 2 (1975): 54-59.
187. Weissman, Gary. "A Fantasy of Witnessing." Media, Culture, and Society 17 (1995): 293-307.
188. Weschler, Lawrence. "Artist in Exile." The New Yorker, 5 December 1994, 88-106.
189. White, Hayden. The Content of the Form: Narrative Discourse and Historical Representation. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1987.
190. White, Hayden. "Historical Emplotment and the Problem of Truth." In Probing the Limits of Representation: Nazism and the "Final Solution." Ed. Saul Friedlander. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992. 37-53.
191. Wiesel, Elie. The Fifth Son. Trans. Marion Wiesel. New York: Warner, 1985.
192. Wiesel, Elie. A Jew Today. Trans. Marion Wiesel. New York: Random House, 1978.
193. Wiesel, Elie. Night. Trans. Stella Rodway. New York: Bantam, 1986.
194. Wiesel, Elie. "Trivializing the Holocaust: Semi-Fact and Semi-Fiction." New York Times, 16 April 1978, sec. 2: 1+.
195. Wieseltier, Leon. "Close Encounters of the Nazi Kind." The New Republic, 24 January 1994, 42.
196. Wieviorka, Anne. "On Testimony." In Holocaust Remembrance: The Shapes of Memory. Ed. Geoffrey H. Hartman. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell, 1994. 23-32.
197. Williams, Linda. "Mirrors Without Memories: Truth, History, and the New Documentary." Film Quarterly 46, no. 3 (1993): 9-21.
198. Wollen, Peter. Signs and Meaning in the Cinema. 3d ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1972.
199. Woolf, Virginia. To the Lighthouse. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1927.
200. Wormser, Olga, and Henri Michel, eds. Tragedie de la deportation 1940-1945: Temoignages de survivants des camps de concentration allemands. Paris: Hachette, 1955.
201. Young, James. Writing and Rewriting the Holocaust: Narrative and the Consequences of Interpretation . Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.