The regulation of sexuality: Experiences of family planning workers

The Regulation of Sexuality: Experiences of Family Planning Workers

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 1-196

  Joffe, Carole ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 84901864762     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (198)

1. Current Functioning and Future Priorities in Family Planning Services Delivery (New York: Guttmacher Institute, 1983).
2. Michael Lipsky, Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services (New York: Russell Sage, 1980), p. xii, emphasis his.
3. Jerome Skolnick, Justice Without Trial: Law Enforcement in Democratic Society (New York: John Wiley, 1975)
4. Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Supreme Court October 1985 term, no. 84-495.
5. Rue Bucher and Anselm Strauss, "Professions in Process", American journal of Sociology 66(1961):325-34;
6. Eliot Freidson, "The Impurity of Professional Authority", in Howard Becker et al., Institutions and the Person: Papers in Honor of Everett Hughes (Chicago: Aldine, 1968), pp. 25-34;
7. and Harold Wilensky, "The Professionalization of Everyone?" American Journal of Sociology 70(1964):138-56.
8. Peter Conrad and Joseph Schneider, Deviance and Medicalization: From Badness to Sickness (St. Louis: C. V. Mosby, 1980).
9. Eliot Freidson, Patients' Views of Medical Care (New York: Russell Sage, 1961);
10. Carole Joffe, Friendly Intruders: Childcare Professionals and Family Life (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977).
11. On teenage parenthood, see especially Frank Furstenberg, Unplanned Parenthood: The Social Consequences of Teenaged Childbearing (New York: Free Press, 1976);
12. Frank Furstenberg, Richard Lincoln, and Jane Menken, eds., Teenage Sexuality, Pregnancy, and Childbearing (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981);
13. and Melvin Zelnik and John Kantner, "Sexual Activity, Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Among Metropolitan-Area Teenagers 1971-1979", Family Planning Perspectives 12(1980):230-37.
14. The Politics of Population Control (Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1977), pp. 4-5.
15. Sheila Kamerman and Alfred Kahn, Family Policy: Government and Families in Fourteen Countries (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976).
16. Norton Grubb and Marvin Lazerson, Broken Promises: How America Fails Its Children (New York: Basic Books, 1982).
17. Gilbert Steiner, The Futility of Family Policy (Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution, 1981)
18. James Block, "New Shapes of Family Life", Dissent (1981):350-57.
19. Christopher Lasch, Haven in a Heartless World: The Family Besieged (New York: Basic Books, 1978), p. 25.
20. Fred Barbara, "The Case Against Family Policy", Social Work 24(1979):455-57
21. and Jacques Donzelot, The Policing of Families (New York: Pantheon, 1979).
22. George Gilder, Wealth and Poverty (New York: Basic Books, 1981);
23. Charles Murray, Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950-1980 (New York: Basic Books, 1984).
24. Elise Jones et al., "Teenage Pregnancy in Developed Countries: Determinants and Policy Implications", Family Planning Perspectives 17(1985):53-63.
25. Eisenstadt v. Baird, 405 U. S. 438 (1972).
26. Michael Katz and Mark Stern, "History and the Limits of Population Policy", Politics and Society 10, (1980), pp. 235-45
27. The Culture of Public Problems: Drinking-Driving and the Symbolic Order (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), p. 10.
28. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, "Service Report, 1983", pp. 2, 4.
29. "IPPF First Target of New Reagan Antiabortion Policy", Washington Memo, July 20, 1984 (W-12), pp. 1-2
30. and Richard J. Meislin, "Six in Congress Vow to Fight Reagan on Population Aid", New York Times, August 13, 1984.
31. James Reed, From Private Vice to Public Virtue (New York: Basic Books, 1978)
32. and Linda Gordon, Woman's Body, Woman's Right: A Social History of Birth Control in America (New York: Viking Penguin, 1977).
33. James Mohr, Abortion in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1978), pp. 196-99
34. and Reed, From Private Vice, pp. 37-39.
35. Reed, From Private Vice, pp. 143-97
36. Sheila Rothman, Woman's Proper Place: A History of Changing Ideals and Practices (New York: Basic Books, 1978), pp. 206-9.
37. Reed, From Private Vice, pp. 441-42.
38. Living My Life, vol. 2 (New York: Dover, 1970), pp. 553-57
39. Reed, From Private Vice
40. and Gordon, Woman's Body, Woman's Right.
41. Goldman, Living My Life, 2:553.
42. Rothman, Woman's Proper Place, p. 192;
43. Rosalind Pollack Petchesky, in Abortion and Woman's Choice (New York: Longman Books, 1984)
44. "The Evolution of Margaret Sanger's Family Limitation Pamphlet, 1914-1921", Signs 6(1981):548-67.
45. Reed, From Private Vice, and Gordon, Woman's Body, Woman's Right.
46. Gordon, Woman's Body, Woman's Right, p. 253.
47. Reed, From Private Vice, p. 122.
48. Reed, From Private Vice, p. 265.
49. Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U. S. 479 (1965).
50. Sheila Kamerman and Alfred Kahn, eds., Social Services in the United States (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976], p. 433.
51. Littlewood, The Politics of Population Control
52. Littlewood, The Politics of Population Control, chap. 5.
53. and Claudia Dreifus, "Sterilizing the Poor", in Seizing Our Bodies: The Politics of Women's Health, ed. Claudia Dreifus (New York: Vintage, 1978).
54. Littlewood offers a particularly vivid account of one such clinic shutdown in The Politics of Population Control, pp. 69-87
55. Castellano Turner and William Darity, "Fears of Genocide Among Black Americans as Related to Age, Sex and Region", American journal of Public Health 63(1973):1029-34.
56. Faye Wattleton, "Statement", Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, Oversight of Family Planning Programs, 1982, Hearings, 97th Congress, 1st Session, March 31, 1981 (Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1981), p. 21.
57. Frank Furstenberg et al., "Bringing in the Family", in Teenage Pregnancy in a Family Context, ed. Theodora Ooms (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1981), p. 369.
58. Frank Furstenberg, Unplanned Parenthood: The Social Consequences of Teenaged Childbearing (New York: Free Press, 1976).
59. Furstenberg et al., "Bringing in the Family"
60. Maris Vinovskis, "An 'Epidemic' of Teenage Pregnancy?" Journal of Family History (1981):205-30
61. Gilbert Steiner, The Futility of Family Policy (Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institutions, 1981)
62. and Petchesky, Abortion and Woman's Choice, chap. 6.
63. Kingsley Davis, "Population Policy: Will Current Programs Succeed?" in Population Dynamics, Ethics and Policy, ed. Pricilla Reining and Irene Tinker (Washington, D. C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1975), pp. 30-31 (originally published in Science, November 1967).
64. Joseph Califano, Governing America (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1981), pp. 205-6.
65. Constance Nathanson and Marshall Becker, "Contraceptive Behavior Among Unmarried Young Women: A Theoretical Framework for Research", Population Environment 6(1983):39-59.
66. Constance Nathanson and Marshall Becker, "The Influence of Client-Provider Relationships on Teenage Women's Subsequent Use of Contraception", American Journal of Public Health 75(1985):33-38.
67. Carl Degler, At Odds: Women and the Family in America from the Revolution to the Present (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980)
68. Ellen Du Bois and Linda Gordon, "Seeking Ecstasy on the Battlefield: Danger and Pleasure in Nineteenth-Century Feminist Sexual Thought", in Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality, ed. Carole Vance (Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1984);
69. and Carroll Smith-Rosenberg, "Beauty, the Beast, and the Militant Woman: A Case Study of Sex Roles and Social Stress in Jacksonian America", American Quarterly 23(1971):562-84.
70. Barbara Epstein, The Politics of Domesticity: Women, Temperance and Evangelism in Nineteenth-Century America (Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1981).
71. Gordon, Woman's Body, Woman's Right, p. 237.
72. Rothman, Woman's Proper Place, p. 196.
73. Linda Gordon, "Why Nineteenth Century Feminists Did Not Support Birth Control and Twentieth Century Feminists Do: Feminism, Reproduction and the Family", in Rethinking the Family, ed. Barrie Thorne (New York: Longman, 1980), p. 45.
74. Du Bois and Gordon, "Seeking Ecstasy on the Battlefield"
75. Rothman, Woman's Proper Place, p. 198.
76. Ann Snitow et al. The Powers of Desire: The Politics of Sexuality (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1983), pp. 41-42.
77. Sara Evans, Personal Politics: The Roots of Women's Liberation in the Civil Rights Movement and the New Left (New York: Vintage, 1980).
78. John Gagnon and William Simon, Sexual Conduct: The Social Sources of Human Sexuality (Chicago: Aldine, 1973), chap. 10.
79. Nancy Aries, "Abortion Clinics and the Organization of Work: A Case Study of Charles Circles", Review of Radical Political Economics 12(1980):53-62
80. "We Walk the Line: The Struggle at Preterm", Radical America 13(March-April 1979):9-24.
81. American Public Health Association, "Recommended Program Guide for Abortion Services" (Washington, D. C.; APHA, 1973)
82. "Standards for Quality Care" (Washington, D. C.; NAF, 1984).
83. Barbara Seaman, The Doctor's Case Against the Pill (New York: Avon, 1969)
84. and Ellen Frankfurt, Vaginal Politics (New York: Quadrangle Books, 1972).
85. Sheryl Ruzek, The Women's Health Movement: Feminist Alternatives to Medical Control (New York: Praeger, 1979).
86. Ann Koedt, "The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm", in Voices from Women's Liberation, ed. Leslie B. Tanner (New York: New American Library, 1970).
87. Diana Russell, The Politics of Rape (Briarcliff Manor, N. Y.: Stein and Day, 1984).
88. Petchesky, Abortion and Woman's Choice, pp. 391-95.
89. Alan Crawford, Thunder on the Right: The "New Right" and the Politics of Resentment (New York: Pantheon, 1980).
90. Mary Breasted, Oh! Sex Education (New York: Praeger, 1970)
91. Jonathan Rieder, "What Is the New Right?" in What Is Pro-Family Policy?: Proceedings of the Bush Interest Group Symposium, ed. Susan Muenchow and Mary Lang McFarland (New Haven: Yale University, 1982), pp. 11, 14.
92. Onalee McGraw, The Family, Feminism, and the Therapeutic State (Washington, D. C.: Heritage Foundation, 1980), p. 2.
93. Susan Muenchow, "The Role of the Media in Family Policy: Beyond Buzz Words?" in Muenchow and McFarland, What Is Pro-Family Policy? pp. 153-64.
94. Carole Joffe, "Why the U. S. Has No Childcare Policy", in Families, Politics, and Public Policies: A Feminist Dialogue on Women and the State, ed. Irene Diamond (New York: Longman, 1983).
95. Connaught Marshner, "The Pro-Family Movement and Traditional Values", in Muenchow and McFarland, What Is Pro-Family Policy? p. 57.
96. "In the Wings: New Right Organization and Ideology", Radical America 15(Spring 1981):113-40.
97. Phyllis Schlafly, The Power of the Positive Woman (New York: Jove Publications, 1978), pp. 16-17.
98. Crawford, Thunder on the Right, p. 146.
99. Connaught Marshner, The New Traditional Woman (Washington, D. C.: Free Congress Research and Education Foundation, 1982), p. 9.
100. The Mass Psychology of Fascism (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1970).
101. Linda Gordon and Allen Hunter, "Sex, Family and the New Right", Radical America 11-12(Nov. 1977-Feb. 1978):9-25.
102. "Abortion: Overruling the Neo-Fascists", in Beginning to See the Light (New York: Knopf, 1981), p. 217.
103. Barbara Ehrenreich, The Hearts of Men: American Dreams and the Flight from Commitment (New York: Doubleday, 1983)
104. Kristin Luker, Abortion and the Politics of Motherhood (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984).
105. Tim and Beverly La Haye, The Act of Marriage (New York: Bantam, 1978);
106. Charlie and Martha Shedd, Celebration in the Bedroom (New York: Bantam, 1981);
107. and Ed and Gaye Wheat, Intended for Pleasure (Old Tappan, N. J.: Revell, 1981).
108. Oversight of Family Planning Programs, 1981, Hearings, 97th Congress, 1st Session March 31, 1981 (Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1981), p. 3.
109. Sidney B. Simon et al., Values Clarification: A Handbook of Practical Strategies for Teachers and Students (New York: Hart, 1972), pp. 16, 19.
110. Robert Pear, "Critics Say U. S. Programs Entangle Government and Religion", New York Times, July 16, 1984.
111. National Abortion Federation, Reported Incidents of Arson and Bombing, 1984 (Washington, D. C.: NAF, 1984).
112. "Self-Deception and Self-Discovery in Fieldwork", Qualitative Sociology 6(1983):195-214.
113. Marjorie Horn and William Mosher, "Use of Services for Family Planning and Infertility: United States, 1982", Advancedata, National Center for Health Statistics, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, no. 103(Dec. 1984):3.
114. Faye Wattleton, "Statement." Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, Oversight of Family Planning Programs, 1981, Hearings, 97th Congress, 1st Session, March 31, 1981 (Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1981) p. 21.
115. Stanley Henshaw et al., "Abortion Services in the United States, 1979 and 1980", Family Planning Perspectives 14(1982):5-14. 22
116. Uta Landy and Sarah Lewit, "Administrative, Counseling and Medical Practices in National Abortion Federation Facilities", Family Planning Perspectives 14(1982):257-62.
117. Fred Block and Larry Hirschhorn, "New Productive Forces and the Contradictions of Contemporary Capitalism: A Post-Industrial Perspective", Theory and Society 7(1979):363-95.
118. Terry Beresford, How to Be a Trainer: A Self-Instructional Manual for Training in Sexual and Reproductive Health Care (Baltimore: Planned Parenthood of Maryland, 1980), pp. 62-63.
119. Michel Foucault, A History of Sexuality (New York: Random House, 1978).
120. Terry Beresford, How to Be a Trainer, and Terry Beresford, Short Term Counseling of Sexual Concerns: A Self-Instructional Manual (Baltimore: Planned Parenthood of Maryland, 1982)
121. Beresford, How to Be a Trainer, p. 63.
122. Taking Chances: Abortion and the Decision Not to Contracept (Berkeley: U. of California, 1975), especially Chaps. 3 and 4.
123. Harold M. Schmeck, "Study Says Birth Control Pills Lessen Ovarian Cancer Risk", New York Times, June 18, 1982
124. and Lawrence Altman, "Benefits of the Pill Found to Outweigh Its Drawbacks", New York Times, July 13, 1982.
125. "Studies Show a Dramatic Rise in Sterilization", New York Times, December 9, 1984.
126. Robert Hatch et al., Contraceptive Technology, 10th ed. (New York: Irvington, 1980), p. 3.
127. Harold Lief and Renee C. Fox, "Training for 'Detached Concern' in Medical Students", in The Psychological Basis of Medical Practice, ed. Harold Lief et al. (New York: Harper & Row, 1963), p. 12.
128. Rapaport, "The Social Work Role in Family Planning: A Summation", in Family Planning: The Role of Social Work, ed. Florence Haselkorn (New York: Adelphia University Press, 1968), p. 158.
129. Friedson, Professional Dominance: The Social Structure of Medical Care (New York: Atherton, 1970), p. 154.
130. Fred Block and Larry Hirschhorn, "New Productive Forces and the Contradictions of Contemporary Capitalism: A Post-Industrial Perspective", Theory and Society 7(1979):363-95.
131. Terry Beresford, How to Be a Trainer: A Self-Instructional Manual for Training in Sexual and Reproductive Health Care (Baltimore: Planned Parenthood of Maryland, 1980)
132. and Short Term Relationship Counseling (Baltimore: Planned Parenthood of Maryland, 1977);
133. Leah Potts, "Counseling Women with Unwanted Pregnancies", in Family Planning: A Source Booh and Case Material for Social Work Education, ed. Florence Haselkorn (New York: Council on Social Work Education, 1973);
134. Preterm Institute, Counselor's Manual: Individual and Group Techniques (Newton, Mass.: Preterm Institute, 1973)
135. and Robert Wilson, Problem Pregnancy and Abortion Counseling (Saluda, N. C.: Family Life Publications, 1973).
136. "Fetus Memorial Service Is Endorsed by Reagan", New York Times, May 27, 1982.
137. Erving Goffman, "The Nature of Deference and Demeanor", in Interaction Ritual: Essays in Face-to-Face Behavior (Garden City, N. Y.: Anchor, 1967), p. 77.
138. Roe v. Wade decision in 1973 was the Akron decision in June 1983 {Akron Center for Reproductive Health v. City of Akron 76 L. Ed 2d 687)
139. National Abortion Federation, Annual Report, 1983 (Washington, D. C.: NAF, 1984).
140. Uta Landy and Sarah Lewit, "Administrative, Counseling and Medical Practices in National Abortion Federation Facilities", Family Planning Perspectives 14(1982):257-62.
141. Arthur Shostak et al., Men and Abortion: Losses, Lessons, and Love (New York: Praeger, 1984).
142. Pauline Bart, "Seizing the Means of Reproduction: An Illegal Feminist Abortion Collective-How and Why It Worked", in Women, Health and Reproduction, ed. Helen Roberts (Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1981).
143. Everett Hughes, The Sociological Eye, vol. 2 (Chicago: Aldine, 1971), pp. 340-41.
144. Eliot Freidson, "The Medical Division of Labor", in Professions of Medicine: A Study in the Sociology of Applied Knowledge (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1970).
145. "The Influence of Physicians' Attitudes on Abortion Performances, Patient Management and Professional Fees", Family Planning Perspectives 9(1977):158-63
146. and "Obstetricians' Attitudes and Hospital Abortion Services", Family Planning Perspectives 12(1980):26-32.
147. Harris v. McRae, 448 U. S. 297 (1980).
148. Howard Becker, "The Professional Dance Musician and His Audience", American Journal of Sociology 57(1951):136-44
149. and "The Teacher in the Authority System of the Public School", in Sociological Work, ed. Howard Becker (Chicago: Aldine, 1970);
150. Hughes, The Sociological Eye, 2:345;
151. Carole Joffe, Friendly Intruders: Childcare Professionals and Family Life (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977);
152. Donald Scott, "The Selection of Clients by Social Welfare Agencies", Social Problems 14(1967):248-57.
153. Hughes, The Sociological Eye, pp. 343-47.
154. Judith Bourne, "Influences on Health Professionals' Attitudes Toward Abortion", Journal of the American Hospital Association 46(1972):80-83;
155. W. F. Char and J. F. McDermott, "Abortion and Acute Identity Crises in Nurses", American Journal of Psychiatry 128(1972):952-57;
156. F. J. Kane et al, "Emotional Reactions in Abortion Services Personnel", Archives of General Psychiatry 28(1973):409-11;
157. Howard D. Kibel, "Staff Reactions to Abortion", Obstetrics and Gynecology 39(1972):128-33;
158. Marianne Such-Baer, "Professional Staff Reaction to Abortion Work", Social Casework 55(1974):435-41.
159. Michael Lipsky, Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services (New York: Russell Sage, 1980)
160. Everett Hughes, The Sociological Eye, vol. 2 (Chicago: Aldine, 1971), p. 346.
161. Shere Hite, The Hite Report: A Nationwide Study of Female Sexuality (New York: Dell, 1976).
162. Kristin Luker, Abortion and the Politics of Motherhood (Berkely: University of California Press, 1984), pp. 174-75.
163. Adriane Fugh-Berman, "Right-to-Lifers Learn Facts of Life", Off Our Backs (June 1981], p. 4.
164. Stanley Henshaw et al., "Abortion Services in the United States, 1979 and 1980", Family Planning Perspectives 14(1982):12.
165. W. F. Char and J. F. McDermott, "Abortion Work and Acute Identity Crises in Nurses", American Journal of Psychiatry 128(1972):952-57;
166. and Alice Goldman, "Learning Abortion Care", Nursing Outlook 19(1971):350-52.
167. Arlie Hochschild, The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983).
168. Christine Toh, "T. V.'s Barrier Methods", Mother Jones 9 (Oct. 1984)
169. Andrew Malcolm, "Fight on Teenage Pregnancy Asked", New York Times, November 5, 1985.
170. Fertility and Contraception in America: Adolescent and Pre-Adolescent Pregnancy, Hearings, 95th Congress, 2nd Session (Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1978), p. 121.
171. Robert Hatch et al., Contraceptive Technology, 10th ed. (New York: Irvington, 1980), p. 116.
172. Frank Furstenberg et al., "Countraceptive Continuation Among Adolescents Attending Family Planning Clinics", Family Planning Perspectives 15(1983):163-70
173. "The Family's Role in Adolescent Sexual Behavior", in Theodora Ooms, ed., Teenage Pregnancy in a Family Context (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1981):93-130.
174. "Bringing in the Family: Kinship Support and Contraceptive Behavior", in Ooms, Teenage Pregnancy, pp. 366-68.
175. Furstenberg et al., "Family Communication and Teenagers' Contraceptive Use", Family Planning Perspectives 16(1984):163-70.
176. Hatch et al., Contraceptive Technology, p. 116.
177. Fox, "The Family's Role in Adolescent Sexual Behavior", pp. 77-83.
178. One study has estimated that 33, 000 unwanted pregnancies per year wo Aida Torres, Jacqueline Darroch Forest, and Susan Eisman, "Telling Parents: Clinic Policies and Adolescents' Use of Family Planning and Abortion Services", Family Planning Perspectives 12(1980):284-92.
179. Carol Gilligan, In a Different Voice (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982), p. 22
180. Rosalind Pollack Petchesky, Abortion and Woman's Choice (New York: Longman Books, 1984), p. 195.
181. Fran Olsen, "The Politics of Family Law", Law and Inequality (1984):1-19;
182. and Mark Tushnet, "An Essay on Rights", Texas Law Review 62(1984):1363-1403.
183. Constance Nathanson and Marshall Becker, "Contraceptive Behavior Among Unmarried Young Women: A Theoretical Framework for Research", Population Environment 6(1983):39-59.
184. "Supreme Court Reaffirms Right to Abortion, Strikes Down Local Restrictions", Washington Memo, June 22, 1983 (W-11), p. 4.
185. John Gagnon and William Simon, Sexual Conduct: The Social Sources of Human Sexuality (Chicago: Aldine, 1973), p. 118.
186. Patricia Donovan, "The Adolescent Family Life Act and the Promotion of Religious Doctrine", Family Planning Perspectives 16(1984):222-28.
187. Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Supreme Court October 1985 term, no. 84-495.
188. Robert Pear, "Reagan Backs Plan to Limit Abortion Counseling", New York Times, Oct. 26, 1985.
189. James Reed, From Private Vice to Public Virtue (New York: Basic Books, 1978), p. 185.
190. Melvin Zelnik and John Kantner, "Sexual Activity, Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Among Metropolitan-Area Teenagers 1971-1979", Family Planning Perspectives 12(1980):230-37.
191. Teenage Pregnancy: The Problem That Hasn't Gone Away (New York: Guttmacher Institute, 1981)
192. Lisa Belkin, "Poll Finds Liberalized Sex Views", New York Times, May 16, 1985.
193. Digest, Family Planning Perspectives 17(1985):183-84.
194. Donald and Beth Granberg, "Abortion Attitudes, 1965-1980: Trends and Determinants", Family Planning Perspectives 12(1980):250-61.
195. Steiner, The Futility of Family Policy (Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution, 1981);
196. Vinovskis, "An Epidemic of Teenage Pregnancy?" Journal of Family History (1981):205-30.
197. Petchesky, Abortion and Woman's Choice, chapt. 6.
198. David T. Ozar, "The Case Against Thawing Unused Frozen Embryos", Hastings Center Report 15(Aug. 1985):7-12.