An efficient mono-component polymeric intumescent flame retardant for polypropylene: Preparation and application

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Volumn 6, Issue 10, 2014, Pages 7363-7370

  Shao, Zhu Bao ^a   Deng, Cong ^a   Tan, Yi ^a   Chen, Ming Jun ^a   Chen, Li ^a   Wang, Yu Zhong ^a  

^a SICHUAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

ammonium polyphosphate; flame retardant; piperazine; polypropylene

Indexed keywords

DECOMPOSITION; FLAME RETARDANTS; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMERS;

AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATES; FIRE GROWTH RATES; FLAME-RETARDANT MECHANISMS; INTUMESCENT FLAME RETARDANT; OXYGEN INDEX VALUE; PIPERAZINE; SMOKE PRODUCTION RATE; VERTICAL BURNING TESTS;

POLYPROPYLENES;

EID: 84901649656     PISSN: 19448244     EISSN: 19448252     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/am500789q     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Wang, Q.; Undrell, J. P.; Gao, Y. S.; Cai, G. P.; Buffet, J. C.; Wilkie, C. A.; O'Hare, D. Synthesis of Flame-Retardant Polypropylene/LDH-Borate Nanocomposites Macromolecules. 2013, 46, 6145-6150
2. Kwak, S. B.; Nam, J. D. Thermo-Oxidative Stability Study of Polypropylene Composites by Using Cone Calorimetry and Thermogravimetry Polym. Eng. Sci. 2002, 42, 1674-1685
3. Liu, Y.; Deng, C. L.; Zhao, J.; Wang, J. S.; Chen, L.; Wang, Y. Z. An Efficiently Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Long-Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene System Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2011, 96, 363-370
4. Liu, Y.; Zhao, J.; Deng, C. L.; Chen, L.; Wang, D. Y.; Wang, Y. Z. Flame-Retardant Effect of Sepiolite on An Intumescent Flame-Retardant Polypropylene System Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50, 2047-2054
5. Xu, Z. Z.; Huang, J. Q.; Chen, M. J.; Tan, Y.; Wang, Y. Z. Flame Retardant Mechanism of An Efficient Flame-Retardant Polymeric Synergist with Ammonium Polyphosphate for Polypropylene Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2013, 98, 2011-2020
6. Nachtigall, S. M. B.; Miotto, M.; Schneider, E. E.; Mauler, R. S.; Camargo Forte, M. M. Macromolecular Coupling Agents for Flame Retardant Materials Eur. Polym. J. 2006, 42, 990-999
7. Yeh, J. T.; Yang, H. M.; Huang, S. S. Combustion of Polyethylene Filled with Metallic Hydroxides and Crosslinkable Polyethylene Polym. Degrad. Stab. 1995, 50, 229-234
8. Dubois, P. H.; Alexandre, M.; Hindryckx, F.; Jérôme, R. Polyolefin-Based Composites by Polymerization-Filling Technique J. Macromol. Sci. Polym. Rev. 1998, 38, 511-565
9. 3/Polypropylene Composites Modified by PP Grafting with Acrylic Acid J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2001, 80, 2617-2623
10. Hornsby, P. R.; Watson, C. L. Interfacial Modification of Polypropylene Composites Filled with Magnesium Hydroxide J. Mater. Sci. 1995, 30, 5347-5355
11. Li, B.; Xu, M. J. Effect of A Novel Charring-Foaming Agent on Flame Retardancy and Thermal Degradation of Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2006, 91, 1380-1386
12. Wang, J. S.; Wang, D. Y.; Liu, Y.; Ge, X. G.; Wang, Y. Z. Polyamide-Enhanced Flame Retardancy of Ammonium Polyphosphate on Epoxy Resin J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2008, 108, 2644-2653
13. Almeras, X.; Le Bras, M.; Hornsby, P.; Bourbigot, S.; Marosi, G.; Keszei, S.; Poutch, F. Effect of Fillers on The Fire Retardancy of Intumescent Polypropylene Compounds Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2003, 82, 325-331
14. Almeras, X.; Le Bras, M.; Poutch, F.; Bourbigot, S.; Marosi, G.; Anna, P. In Effect of Fillers on Fire Retardancy of Intumescent Polypropylene Blends Macromol. Symp 2003, 198, 435-448
15. Chiu, S. H.; Wang, W. K. Dynamic Flame Retardancy of Polypropylene Filled with Ammonium Polyphosphate, Pentaerythritol and Melamine Additives Polymer. 1998, 39, 1951-1955
16. Yang, K.; Xu, M. J.; Li, B. Synthesis of N-Ethyl Triazine-Piperazine Copolymer and Flame Retardancy and Water Resistance of Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2013, 98, 1397-1406
17. Lu, H. D.; Wilkie, C. A. Study on Intumescent Flame Retarded Polystyrene Composites with Improved Flame Retardancy Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2010, 95, 2388-2395
18. Hu, X. P.; Li, W. Y.; Wang, Y. Z. Synthesis and Characterization of A Novel Nitrogen-Containing Flame Retardant J..Appl. Polym. Sci. 2004, 94, 1556-1561
19. Lv, Q.; Huang, J. Q.; Chen, M. J.; Zhao, J.; Tan, Y.; Chen, L.; Wang, Y. Z. An Effective Flame Retardant and Smoke Suppression Oligomer for Epoxy Resin Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52, 9397-9404
20. Shao, Z. B.; Deng, C.; Tan, Y.; Chen, M. J.; Chen, L.; Wang, Y. Z. Flame Retardation of Polypropylene via A Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant: Ethylenediamine-Modified Ammonium Polyphosphate Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2013, 10.1016/j. polymdegradstab.2013.10.005
21. Nie, S. B.; Hu, Y.; Song, L.; He, Q. L.; Yang, D. D.; Chen, H. Synergistic Effect between A Char Forming Agent (CFA) and Microencapsulated Ammonium Polyphosphate on The Thermal and Flame Retardant Properties of Polypropylene Polym. Adv. Technol. 2008, 19, 1077-1083
22. Camino, G.; Costa, L.; Trossarelli, L. Study of The Mechanism of Intumescence in Fire Retardant Polymers: Part V-Mechanism of Formation of Gaseous Products in The Thermal Degradation of Ammonium Polyphosphate Polym. Degrad. Stab. 1985, 12, 203-211
23. Breulet, H.; Steenhuizen, T. Fire Testing of Cables: Comparison of SBI with FIPEC/Europacable Tests Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2005, 88, 150-158
24. Yan, Y. W.; Chen, L.; Jian, R. K.; Kong, S.; Wang, Y. Z. Intumescence: An Effect Way to Flame Retardance and Smoke Suppression for Polystryene Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2012, 97, 1423-1431
25. Katsoulis, C.; Kandare, E.; Kandola, B. K., Thermal and Fire Performance of Flame-Retarded Epoxy Resin: Investigating Interaction between Resorcinol Bis (Diphenyl Phosphate) and Epoxy Nanocomposites. Hull, T. R.; Kandola, B. K., Eds.; Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, U.K., 2009; Chapter 17, pp 184-205.
26. Liu, G. S.; Chen, W. Y.; Yu, J. G.; Novel, A. Process to Prepare Ammonium Polyphosphate with Crystalline Form II and its Comparison with Melamine Polyphosphate Ind. Eng. Chem.Res. 2010, 49, 12148-12155