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Volumn 344, Issue 6186, 2014, Pages 862-867

On the psychology of poverty

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

EID: 84901218210     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1232491     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1081)

References (89)
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    • note
    • In our systematic review, we also identified two studies that found no effect of affect or stress on time preferences. One study (87) exposed subjects to an easy or difficult test, thus inducing feelings of relative success or failure, and then measured time-discounting. No effect of test difficulty on time-discounting was found. However, in this study, the time-preference task was administered at the end of a battery of behavioral tests; it is possible that the negative affect induction had already worn off by then. Alternatively, it is possible that the induction of mood through this manipulation is less powerful than movie clips or that subtly different types of affect may differentially affect time preference. Another study used the TSST to induce stress, then measured temporal discounting and found no effect (88). A potential explanation for this finding is that the TSST induces acute stress (i.e., concurrent glucocorticoid and noradrenergic activity), whereas hydrocortisone administration lacks some of the components of acute stress (e.g., noradrenergic coactivation). The lack of an effect of the TSST on discounting could thus suggest that acute stress does not affect discounting, whereas chronic stress may. This account is superficially consistent with a recent finding (89) showing that the combined administration of hydrocortisone and yohimbine, an a2-adrenoceptor antagonist, has different behavioral consequences than hydrocortisone in isolation.
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