Relationship between vegetation and modern pollen-rain along an elevational gradient on Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

Holocene

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 702-713

  Schüler, Lisa ^a,b   Hemp, Andreas ^a   Behling, Hermann ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

East Africa; modern pollen rain; non metric multidimensional scaling; pollen vegetation relationship; tropical montane forest; vegetation zones

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; CALIBRATION; CLIMATE VARIATION; ELEVATION; FOSSIL RECORD; HOLOCENE; MONTANE FOREST; PALEOCLIMATE; PALYNOLOGY; POLLEN RAIN; RECONSTRUCTION; SPORE; TAXONOMY; TROPICAL FOREST; VEGETATION HISTORY;

KILIMANJARO [TANZANIA]; TANZANIA;

EID: 84901008929     PISSN: 09596836     EISSN: 14770911     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0959683614526939     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Anderson MJ,Willis TJ.Canonical analysis of principal coordinates: A useful method of constrained ordination for ecology.Ecology. 2003;84 (2): 511-525.
2. Bawa KSHandbook of Experimental Pollination Biology. Jones CELittle RJ, ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold; 1983:394-410.
3. Reproductive Ecology of Tropical Forest Plants: Man and the Biosphere Series. Bawa KSHadley M, ed. Paris: UNESCO; 1990:.
4. Becker A,Körner C,Brun J, et al.Ecological and land use studies along elevational gradients.Mountains Research and Development. 2007;27 (1): 58-65.
5. Behling H,Cohen MVL,Lara RJ.Studies on Holocene mangrove ecosystem dynamics of the Bragança Peninsula in north-eastern Pará, Brazil.Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2001;167:225-242.
6. Birks HJB,Birks HHQuaternary Palaeoecology. London: Edward Arnold; 1980:.
7. Bonnefille R.Atlas des pollens d'Éthiopie principales espèces des forêts de Montagne.Pollen et Spores. 1971;13 (1): 15-72.
8. Bonnefille R,Riollet G.The Kashiru pollen sequence (Burundi) palaeoclimatic implications for the last 40,000 yr B.P. in tropical Africa.Quaternary Research. 1988;30:19-35.
9. Bonnefille R,Buchet G,Friis G, et al.Modern pollen rain on an altitudinal range of forests and woodlands in South West Ethiopia.Opera Botanica. 1993;121:71-84.
10. Braun-Blanquet JPflanzensoziologie: Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde. 1964) Pflanzensoziologie: Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde. 3rd Edition.Wien: Springer Verlag.Wien: Springer Verlag; 1964:.
11. Bush MB.Deriving response matrices from central American modern pollen rain.Quaternary Research. 2000;54:132-143.
12. Bush MB,Rivera R.Reproductive ecology and pollen representation among neotropical trees.Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2001;10:359-367.
13. Bush MB,Weng C.Introducing a new (freeware) tool for palynology.Journal of Biogeography. 2007;34 (3): 377-380.
14. Calcote RR.Pollen source area and pollen productivity: Evidence from forest hollows.Journal of Ecology. 1995;83:591-602.
15. Downie C,Humphries DW,Wilcockson WH, et al.Geology of Kilimanjaro.Nature. 1956;178:828-830.
16. Dupont LM,Wyputta U.Reconstructing pathways of aeolian pollen transport to the marine sediments along the coastline of SW Africa.Quaternary Science Reviews. 2003;22 (2-4): 157-174.
17. Elenga H,De Namur C,Vincens A, et al.Use of plots to define pollen - vegetation relationships in the densely forested ecosystems of Tropical Africa.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 2000a;112:79-96.
18. Elenga H,Peyron O,Bonnefille R, et al.Pollen-based biome reconstruction for southern Europe and Africa 18,000 yr BP.Journal of Biogeography. 2000b;27 (3): 621-634.
19. Gajewski K,Lézine AM,Delestan A, et al.Modern climate - vegetation - pollen relations in Africa and adjacent area.Quaternary Science Reviews. 2002;21:1611-1631.
20. Gosling WD,Miller CS,Livingstone DA.Atlas of the tropical West African pollen flora.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 2013;199:1-135.
21. Gosling WD,Mayle FE,Tate NJ, et al.Differentiation between Neotropical rainforest, dry forest, and savannah ecosystems by their modern pollen spectra and implications for the fossil pollen record.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 2009;153 (1-2): 70-85.
22. Hemp A.Ecology of the pteridophytes on the southern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro.Plant Biology. 2001;3:493-523.
23. Hemp A.Ecology of the pteridophytes on the southern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro - I. Altitudinal distribution.Plant Ecology. 2002;159 (2): 211-239.
24. Hemp A.Continuum or zonation? Altitudinal gradients in the forest vegetation of Mt. Kilimanjaro.Plant Ecology. 2006a;184 (1): 27-42.
25. Hemp ALand Use Change and Mountain Biodiversity. Spehn EMLiberman MKörner C, ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2006b:51-68.
26. Hemp A.Vegetation of Kilimanjaro: Hidden endemics and missing bamboo.African Journal of Ecology. 2006c;44 (3): 305-328.
27. Hemp A,Beck E.Erica excelsa as a fire-tolerating component of Mt. Kilimanjaro's forests.Phytocoenologia. 2001;31:449-475.
28. Hooghiemstra H,Lézine A,Leroy Suzanne AG, et al.Late Quaternary palynology in marine sediments: A synthesis of the understanding of pollen distribution patterns in the NW African setting. Linking African palaeoenvironments and modern environments: PAGES Workshop; 2006; 2006. 29.
29. Huntley B,Altwegg R,Barnard P, et al.Modelling relationships between species spatial abundance patterns and climate.Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2011;61 (6): 668-681.
30. Jackson ST,Kearsly JB.Quantitative representation of local forest composition in forest-floor pollen assemblages.Journal of Ecology. 1998;86:474-490.
31. Jackson ST,Lyford ME.Pollen dispersal models in Quaternary plant ecology: Assumptions, parameters, and prescriptions.Botanical Review. 1999;65 (1): 39-75.
32. Jackson ST,Wong A.Using forest patchiness to determine pollen source areas of closed-canopy pollen assemblages.Journal of Ecology. 1994;82 (1): 89-99.
33. Jacobson GL,Bradshaw RHW.The selection of sites for palaeovegetational studies.Quaternary Research. 1981;16 (1): 80-96.
34. Jolly D,Prentice IC,Bonnefille R, et al.Biome reconstruction from pollen and plant macrofossil data for Africa and the Arabian peninsula at 0 and 6000 years.Journal of Biogeography. 1998;25:1007-1027.
35. Juggins SC2 Data Analysis. Newcastle upon Tyne: Newcastle University; 2011:.
36. Kent M.Numerical classification and ordination methods in biogeography.Progress in Physical Geography. 2006;30 (3): 399-408.
37. Kessler M.Patterns of diversity and range size of selected plant groups along an elevational transect in the Bolivian Andes.Biodiversity and Conservation. 2001;10:1897-1920.
38. Körner CAlpine Plant Life: Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems. Berlin: Springer Verlag; 2003:.
39. Lebamba J,Ngomanda A,Vincens A, et al.Central African biomes and forest succession stages derived from modern pollen data and plant functional types.Climate of the Past. 2009;5:403-429.
40. LézineAM (2001) African Pollen Database - Late Quaternary Pollen Flora. Available at: http://apd.sedoo.fr/apd/accueil.htm.
41. Lézine AM,Watrin J,Vincens A, et al.Are modern pollen data representative of west African vegetation?.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 2009;156 (3-4): 265-276.
42. McCune B,Grace JB,Urban DLAnalysis of Ecological Communities. Gleneden Beach, OR: MjM Software Design; 2002:.
43. Marchant R,Taylor D.Dynamics of montane forest in central Africa during the late Holocene: A pollen-based record from western Uganda.The Holocene. 1998;8 (4): 375-381.
44. Marchant R,Taylor D.Pollen representivity of montane forest taxa in south-west Uganda.New Phytologist. 2000;146 (3): 515-525.
45. Marchant R,Harrison SP,Hooghiemstra H, et al.Pollen-based biome reconstruction for Latin America at 0, 6000 and 18 000 radiocarbon years.Climate of the Past. 2009;5:369-461.
46. Marchant R,Taylor D,Hamilton A.Late Pleistocene and Holocene history at Mubwindi Swamp, Southwest Uganda.Quaternary Research. 1997;47:316-328.
47. Marret F,Kim S,Scourse J.A 30,000 yr record of land - ocean interaction in the eastern Gulf of Guinea.Quaternary Research. 2013;80 (1): 1-8.
48. Minckley T,Whitlock C.Spatial variation of modern pollen in Oregon and southern Washington, USA.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 2000;112 (1-3): 97-123.
49. Mueller-Dombois D,Ellenberg HAims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1974:.
50. Müller MJHandbuch ausgewählter Klimastationen der Erde. Trier: Forschungsstelle Bodenerosion der Universität Trier; 1989:.
51. Niemann H,Brunschön C,Behling H.Vegetation/modern pollen rain relationship along an altitudinal transect between 1920 and 3185 m a.s.l. in the Podocarpus National Park region, southeastern Ecuadorian Andes.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 2010;159:69-80.
52. OksanenJBlanchetFGKindtR. (2013) vegan: Community Ecology Package: R package version 2.0-8. Available at: http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan.
53. Prentice IC.Multidimensional scaling as a research tool in quaternary palynology: A review of theory and methods.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 1980;31 (0): 71-104.
54. Prentice IC.Pollen representation, source area, and basin size: Towards a unified theory of pollen analysis.Quaternary Research. 1985;23 (1): 76-86.
55. Prentice C,Guiot J,Huntley B, et al.Reconstructing biomes from palaeoecological data: A general method and its application to European pollen data at 0 and 6 ka.Climate Dynamics. 1996;12 (3): 185-194.
56. Punyasena SW.Estimating Neotropical palaeotemperature and palaeoprecipitation using plant family climatic optima.Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2008;265 (3-4): 226-237.
57. Reese CA,Liu K.A modern pollen rain study from the central Andes region of South America.Journal of Biogeography. 2005;32:709-718.
58. Rodgers JC,Horn SP.Modern pollen spectra from Costa Rica.Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 1996;124:53-71.
59. SchülerL (2013) Studies on late Quaternary environmental dynamics (vegetation, biodiversity, climate, soils, fire and human impact) on Mt Kilimanjaro. Doctoral thesis, University of Göttingen.
60. Schüler L,Hemp A,Zech W, et al.Vegetation, climate and fire-dynamics in East Africa inferred from the Maundi crater pollen record from Mt Kilimanjaro during the last glacial-interglacial cycle.Quaternary Science Reviews. 2012;39:1-13.
61. Sugita S.A model of pollen source area for an entire lake surface.Quaternary Research. 1993;39:239-244.
62. Sugita S.Pollen representation of vegetation in Quaternary sediments: Theory and method in patchy vegetation.Journal of Ecology. 1994;82 (4): 881-897.
63. Tauber H.Investigations of the mode of pollen transfer in forested areas.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 1967;3 (1-4): 277-286.
64. Telford RJ,Birks HJB.The secret assumption of transfer functions: Problems with spatial autocorrelation in evaluating model performance.Quaternary Science Reviews. 2005;24 (20-21): 2173-2179.
65. Urrego DH,Silman MR,Correa-Metrio A, et al.Pollen - vegetation relationships along steep climatic gradients in western Amazonia.Journal of Vegetation Science. 2011;22 (5): 795-806.
66. Vincens A,Bremond L,Brewer S, et al.Modern pollen-based biome reconstructions in East Africa expanded to southern Tanzania.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 2006;140 (3-4): 187-212.
67. Vincens A,Ssemmanda I,Roux M, et al.Study of the modern pollen rain in Western Uganda with a numerical approach.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 1997;96 (1-2): 145-168.
68. Watrin J,Lézine AM,Gajewski K, et al.Pollen-plant-climate relationships in sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of Biogeography. 2007;34:489-499.
69. Weng C,Bush MB,Silman MR.An analysis of modern pollen rain on an elevational gradient in southern Peru.Journal of Tropical Ecology. 2004;20:113-124.