Prevention and control of Haemophilus influenzae type B disease: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

MMWR Recommendations and Reports

Volumn 63, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Briere, Elizabeth C ^a   Rubin, Lorry ^b   Moro, Pedro L ^c   Cohn, Amanda ^a   Clark, Thomas ^a   Messonnier, Nancy ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR IMMUNIZATION AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES   (United States)

^b Northwell Health   (United States)

^c NATIONAL CENTER FOR EMERGING AND ZOONOTIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84900560579     PISSN: 10575987     EISSN: 15458601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (101)

1. Wenger JD, Hightower AW, Facklam RR, Gaventa S, Broome CV. Bacterial meningitis in the United States, 1986: report of a multistate surveillance study. J Infect Dis 1990;162:1316-23.
2. Broome CV. Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in the United States. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1987;6:779-82.
3. Adams WG, Deaver KA, Cochi SL, et al. Decline of Childhood Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Disease in the Hib Vaccine Era. JAMA 1993;269:221-6.
4. Bisgard KM, Kao A, Leake J, Strebel PM, Perkins BA, Wharton M. Haemophilus influenzae invasive disease in the United States, 1994-1995: near disappearance of a vaccine-preventable childhood disease. Emerg Infect Dis 1998;4:229-37.
5. CDC. Progress toward elimination of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease among infants and children-United States, 1987-1995. MMWR 1996;45:901-6.
6. CDC. Progress toward elimination of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease among infants and children-United States, 1987-1997. MMWR 1998;47:993-8.
7. CDC. Progress toward elimination of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease among infants and children-United States, 1998-2000. MMWR 2002;51:234-7.
8. US Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy people 2020 topics and objectives. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2013. Available at http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/objectiveslist.aspx?topicid=23.
9. Mohle-Boetani J, Ajello G, Breneman E, et al. Carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b in children after widespread vaccination with conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1993;12:589-93.
10. Takala A, Eskola J, Leinonen M, et al. Reduction of oropharyngeal carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in children immunized with an Hib conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis 1991;164:982-6.
11. Barbour M, Phil D. Conjugate Vaccines and the Carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b. Emerg Infect Dis 1996;2:176-82.
12. Lowther SA, Shinoda N, Juni BA, et al. Haemophilus influenzae type b infection, vaccination, and H. influenzae carriage among children in Minnesota, 2008-2009. Epidemiol Infect 2012;140:566-74.
13. CDC. Recommendations for use of Haemophilus b conjugate vaccines and a combined diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and Haemophilus b vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1993;42(No. RR-13).
14. CDC. FDA approval for infants of a Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate and hepatitis B (recombinant) combined vaccine. MMWR 1997;46:107-9.
15. CDC. Licensure of a diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, inactivated poliovirus, and Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine and guidance for use in infants and children. MMWR 2008;57:1079-80.
16. CDC. Licensure of a Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine (Hiberix) and updated recommendations for use of Hib vaccine. MMWR 2009;58:1008-9.
17. CDC. Infant meningococcal vaccination: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations and rationale. MMWR 2013;62:52-4.
18. CDC. General recommendations on immunization: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 2011;60(No. RR-2).
19. CDC. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP): use of vaccines and immune globulins in persons with altered immunocompetence. MMWR 1993;42(No. RR-4).
20. CDC. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections among HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children: recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. MMWR 2009;58(No. RR-11).
21. CDC. Guidelines for prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. MMWR 2009;58(No. RR-4).
22. American Academy of Pediatrics. Haemophilus influenzae infections. In: Pickering L, Baker C, Kimberlin D, Long S, eds. Red book: 2012 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2012:345-52.
23. Rubin LG, Levin MJ, Ljungman P, et al. 2013 IDSA clinical practice guideline for vaccination of the immunocompormised host. Clin Infect Dis 2013;[Epub ahead of print] doi: 10.1093/cid/cit684.
24. Schuchat A, Hilger T, Zell E, et al. Active bacterial core surveillance of the emerging infections program network. Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7:92-9.
25. Bruce MG, Deeks SL, Zulz T, et al. Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae serotype a, North American Arctic, 2000-2005. Emerg Infect Dis 2008;14:48-55.
26. Adderson EE, Byington L, Spencer L, et al. Invasive serotype a Haemophilus influenzae infections with a virulence genotype resembling Haemophilus influenzae Type b: emerging pathogen in the vaccine era? Pediatrics 2001;108:e18.
27. Briere EJM, Jackson M, Shah SG, et al. Haemophilus influenzae type b disease and vaccine booster dose deferral, United States, 1998-2009. Pediatrics 2012;130:414-20.
28. Heath P, Booy R, Griffiths H, et al. Clinical and immunological risk factors associated with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine failure in childhood. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31:973-80.
29. Wenger JD, Ward JI. Haemophilus influenzae vaccine. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA, eds. Vaccines. 4th ed: W.B. Saunders Company; 2003:229-68.
30. Singleton R, Hammitt L, Hennessy T, et al. The Alaska Haemophilus influenzae type b experience: lessons in controlling a vaccine-preventable disease. Pediatrics 2006;118:e421-9.
31. Coulehan J, Michaels R, Hallowell C. Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae type B disease among Navajo Indians. Public Health Rep 1984;99:404-9.
32. Ward JI, Broome CV, Harrison LH, Shinefield H, Black S. Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines: Lessons for the Future. Pediatrics 1988;81:886-93.
33. Murphy TV. Haemophilus influenzae vaccines: 1997. In: Aronoff SC. Advances in pediatric infectious diseases. San Diego, CA: Mosby-Year Book, Inc.; 1998.
34. Shapiro ED, Ward JI. The epidemiology and prevention of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b. Epidemiol Rev 1991;13:113-42.
35. Kayhty H, Peltola H, Karanko V, Makela PH. The protective level of serum antibodies to the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae Type b. J Infect Dis 1983;147:1100.
36. Black SB, Shinefield HR, Fireman B, Hiatt R, Polen M, Vittinghoff E. Efficacy in infancy of oligosaccharide conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b (HbOC) vaccine in a United States population of 61,080 children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1991;10:97-104.
37. Santosham M, Wolff M, Reid R, Hohenboken M, Bateman M. The efficacy in Navajo infants of a conjugate vaccine consisting of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide and Neisseria meningitidis outer-membrane protein complex. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1767-72.
38. Food and Drug Administration. Complete list of vaccines licensed for immunization and distribution in the US. Silver Springs, MD: Food and Drug Administration; 2012. Available at http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm093833.htm.
39. CDC. Food and Drug Administration approval of use of a Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine for infants. MMWR 1990;39:925.
40. CDC. FDA approval of use of a new Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine and a combined diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis and Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine for infants and children. MMWR 1993;42:296-8.
41. Decker MD, Edwards KM, Bradley R, Palmer P. Comparative trial in infants of four conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines. J Pediatr 1992;120:184-9.
42. Decker MD, Edwards KM. Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines: history, choice, and comparisons. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1998;17:S113-6.
43. Fritzell B, Plotkin S. Efficacy and safety of a Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide-tetanus protein conjugate vaccine. J Pediatr 1992;121:355-62.
44. Anderson E, Decker MD, Englund J, et al. Interchangeability of conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in infants. JAMA 1995;273:849-53.
45. Bewley KM, Schwab JG, Ballanco GA, Daum RS. Interchangeability of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in the primary series: evaluation of a two-dose mixed regimen. Pediatrics 1996;98:898-904.
46. Greenberg DP, Feldman S. Vaccine interchangeability. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2003;42:93-9.
47. Heath P. Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines: a review of efficacy data. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1998;17(Suppl):S117-22.
48. Sanofi Pasteur. Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine (tetanus toxoid conjugate) ActHIB [Package insert]. Available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM109841.pdf.
49. Holmes SJ, Fritzell B, Guito KP, et al. Immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in infants. Am J Dis Child 1993;147:832-6.
50. GlaxoSmithKline. HIBERIX (Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine [tetanus toxoid conjugate]) [Package insert]. Available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM179530.pdf.
51. Merck & Co., Inc. Liquid Pedvax HIB (Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine (meningococcal protein conjugate). [Package insert.] Available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM253652.pdf.)
52. Merck & Co., Inc. COMVAX (Haemophilus b conjugate [meningococcal protein conjugate] and hepatitis B (recombinant) vaccine) [Package insert]. Available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM109869.pdf.
53. Guerra FA, Blatter MM, Greenberg DP, Pichichero M, Noriega FR. Pentacel Study G. Safety and immunogenicity of a pentavalent vaccine compared with separate administration of licensed equivalent vaccines in US infants and toddlers and persistence of antibodies before a preschool booster dose: a randomized, clinical trial. Pediatrics 2009;123:301-12.
54. Black S, Greenberg DP. A combined diphtheria, tetanus, five-component acellular pertussis, poliovirus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. Expert Rev Vaccines 2005;4:793-805.
55. Nelson J, Yu O, Dominguez-Islas C, et al. Adapting group sequential methods to observational postlicensure vaccine safety surveillance: results of a pentavalent combination DTaP-IPV-Hib vaccine safety study. Am J Epidemiol 2013;177:131-41.
56. Marchant CD, Miller JM, Marshall GS, et al. Randomized trial to assess immunogenicity and safety of Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and Y-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010;29:48-52.
57. Marshall GS, Marchant CD, Blatter M, et al. Immune response and one-year antibody persistence after a fourth dose of a novel Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria Meningitidis serogroups C and Y-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (HibMenCY) at 12 to 15 months of age. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010;29:469-71.
58. Nolan T, Lambert S, Roberton D, et al. A novel combined Haemophilus influenzae type b-Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and Y-tetanus-toxoid conjugate vaccine is immogenic and induces immune memory when co-administered with DTPa-HBV-IPV and conjugate pneumococcal vaccines in infants. Vaccine 2007;25:8487-99.
59. Nolan T, Richmond P, Marshall H, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of an investigational combined Haemophilus influenzae type b-Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and Y-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2011;30:190-6.
60. Usonis V, Bakasenas V. Does concomitant injection of a combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B virus-inactivated polio virus vaccine influence the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of commercial Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines? Eur J Pediatr 1999;158:398-402.
61. Reuman PD, Sawyer MH, Kuter BJ, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of concurrent administration of measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine and PedvaxHIB(R) vaccines in healthy children twelve to eighteen months old. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997;16:662-7.
62. Schmitt HJ, Zepp F, Muschenborn S, et al. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a Haemophilus influenzae type b tetanus conjugate vaccine when administered separately or mixed with concomitant diphtheria-tetanus-toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine for primary and for booster immunizations. Eur J Pediatr 1998;157:208-14.
63. Sanofi Pasteur. Pentacel (Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, inactivated poliovirus and Haemophilus b conjugate (tetanus toxoid conjugate) vaccine suspension for intramuscular injection [Package insert]. Available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM109810.pdf.
64. Dhillon S, Keam SJ. DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine (Pentacel). Paediatr Drugs 2008;10:405-16.
65. Hesley TM, Reisinger KS, Sullivan BJ, et al. Concomitant administration of a bivalent Haemophilus influenzae type b-hepatitis B vaccine, measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and varicella vaccine: safety, tolerability and immunogenicity. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2004;23:240-5.
66. Bernstein HH, Noriega F, Group MAPS. Immunogenicity and safety of a combined diphtheria, tetanus, 5-component acellular pertussis, inactivated poliomyelitis, Haemophilus type b conjugate vaccine when administered concurrently with a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: a randomized, open-label, phase 3 study. Vaccine 2011;29:2212-21.
67. Dennehy PH, Bertrand HR, Silas PE, Damaso S, Friedland LR, Abu-Elyazeed R. Coadministration of RIX4414 oral human rotavirus vaccine does not impact the immune response to antigens contained in routine infant vaccines in the United States. Pediatrics 2008;122:e1062-6.
68. Rinderknecht S, Bryant KA, Nolan T, et al. The safety profile of Haemophilus influenzae type b-Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vacine (HibMenCY). Hum Vaccin Immunother 2012;8:304-11.
69. Varricchio F, Iskander J, Destefano F, et al. Understanding vaccine safety information from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2004;23:287-94.
70. Baggs J, Gee J, Lewis E, et al. The Vaccine Safety Datalink: a model for monitoring immunization safety. Pediatrics 2011;127:S45-53.
71. Food and Drug Administration. 21 CFR Part 600.80. Postmarketing reporting of adverse experiences. Fed Regist 1997;62:52252-3.
72. Davis RL, Black S, Shinefield H, et al. Post-marketing evaluation of the short term safety of COMVAX (R). Vaccine 2004;22:536-43.
73. Ek T, Mellander L, Hahn-Zoric M, Abrahamsson J. Intensive treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia reduces immune responses to diphtheria, tetanus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2004;26:727-34.
74. Daza P, Banda R, Misoya K, et al. The impact of routine infant immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in Malawi, a country with high Human Immunodeficiency Virus prevalence. Vaccine 2006;24:6232-9.
75. Madhi SA. Immunogenicity and effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in HIV infected and uninfected African children. Vaccine 2005;23:5517-25.
76. Madhi SA, Petersen K, Khoosal M, et al. Reduced effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in children with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002;21:315-21.
77. Parkkali T, Kayhty H, Ruutu T, Volin L, Eskola J, Ruutu P. A comparison of early and late vaccination with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines after allogeneic BMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 1996;18:961-7.
78. Guinan EC, Molrine D, Antin J, et al. Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine responses in bone marrow transplant patients. Transplantation 1994;57:677-84.
79. Barra A, Cordonnier C, Preziosi M-P, et al. Immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in allogenic bone marrow recipients. J Infect Dis 1992;166:1021-8.
80. Avanzini MA, Carra AM, Maccario R, et al. Immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in children given bone marrow transplantation: comparison with healthy age-matched controls. J Clin Immunol 1998;1998:3.
81. Newcomer W, Santosham M, Bengston S, Panny S, Dover G. Immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide and Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein complex conjugate vaccine in infants and children with sickle cell disease. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1993;12:1026-7.
82. Jakacki R, Luery N, McVerry P, Lange B. Haemophilus influenzae diptheria protein conjugate immunization after therapy in splenectomized patients with Hodgkin Disease. Ann Intern Med 1990;112:143-4.
83. Frank AL, Labotka RJ, Rao S, et al. Haemophilus influenzae Type b Immunization of Children with Sickle Cell Diseases. Pediatrics 1988;82:571-5.
84. Feldman S, Gigliotti F, Shenep JL, Roberson PK, Lott L. Risk of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children with cancer and response of immunocompromised leukemic children to a conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis 1990;161:926-31.
85. American Academy of Pediatrics. Immunizations for Native American children. Pediatrics 1999;104:564-7.
86. Galil K, Singleton R, Levine O, et al. Reemergence of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in a well-vaccinated population in remote Alaska. J Infect Dis 1999;179:101-6.
87. Johnson PDR, Hanlon M, Isaacs D, Gilbert GL. Differing antibody responses to Haemophilus influenzae type b after meningitis or epiglottitis. Epidemiol Infect 1996;116:21-6.
88. Ladhani S, Heath P, Ramsay ME, et al. Long-term immunological follow-up of children with Haemophilus influenzae serotype b vaccine failure in the United Kingdom. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49:372-80.
89. Breukels MA, Spanjaard L, Sanders LAM, Rijkers GT. Immunological characterization of conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine failure in infants. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:1700-5.
90. American Academy of Pediatrics. Immunization in special clinical circumstances. In: Pickering L, Baker C, Kimberlin D, Long S, eds. Red Book: 2012 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. Elk Grove Village, IL; 2012:69-71.
91. Feldman S. Interchangeability of vaccines. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2001; 20:S23-9.
92. Scheifele D, Law B, Mitchell L, Ochnio J. Study of booster doses of two Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines including their interchangeability. Vaccine 1996;14:1399-406.
93. Reid R, Santosham M, Croll J, Thompson C, Newcomer W, Siber GR. Antibody response of Navajo children primed with PRP-OMP vaccine to booster doses of PRP-OMP vs. HbOC vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1993;12:812-5.
94. CDC. Recommended childhood immunization schedule-United States, 1998. MMWR 1998;47:8-12.
95. GlaxoSmithKline. MENHIBRIX (meningococcal groups C and Y and Haemophilus b tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine) [Package insert]. Available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM308577.pdf.
96. Shapiro ED, Wald ER. Efficacy of rifampin in eliminating pharyngeal carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b. Pediatrics 1980;66:5-8.
97. McCracken G, Ginsburg CM, Zweighaft TC, Clahsen J. Pharmacokinetics of rifampin in infants and children: relevance to prophylaxis against Haemophilus influenzae type b disease. Pediatrics 1980;66:17-21.
98. Glode M, Daum R, Boies E, Ballard T, Murray M, Granoff D. Effect of rifampin chemoprophylaxis on carriage eradication and new acquisition of Haemophilus influenzae type b in contacts. Pediatrics 1985;76:537-42.
99. Band J, Faser D, Ajello G. Prevention of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease. JAMA 1984;251:2381-6.
100. Bruce MG, Zulz T, DeByle AP, et al. Haemophilus influenzae serotype a invasive disease, Alaska, USA, 1983-2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 19:932-7.
101. Hammitt LL, Block S, Hennessy TW, et al. Outbreak of invasive Haemophilus influenzae serotype a disease. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005; 24:453-6.