Geographical and environmental factors driving the increase in the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis

Ecosphere

Volumn 3, Issue 10, 2012, Pages

  Khatchikian, Camilo E ^a   Prusinski, Melissa ^b   Stone, Melissa ^b,c   Bryon Backenson, P ^b   Wang, Ing Nang ^c   Levy, Michael Z ^a   Brisson, Dustin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^b NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH   (United States)

^c STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

Author keywords

Blacklegged ticks; Density increase; Emerging zoonoses; Geographic information systems; GIS; Ixodes scapularis

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); IXODES SCAPULARIS; IXODIDA;

EID: 84900395879     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21508925     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/ES12-00134.1     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Abdi, H. 2007. The Bonferroni and Sidak corrections for multiple comparisons. Pages 103-107 in N. J. Salkind, editor. Encyclopedia of measurement and statistics. Sage, Thousand Oaks, California, USA.
2. Akaike, H. 1974. A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 19:716-723.
3. Allan, B., F. Keesing, and R. Ostfeld. 2003. Effect of forest fragmentation on Lyme disease risk. Conservation Biology 17:267-272.
4. Anderson, J. F. 1988. Mammalian and avian reservoirs for Borrelia burgdorferi. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 539:180-191.
5. Bertrand, M. R., and M. L. Wilson. 1996. Microclimate-dependent survival of unfed adult Ixodes scapularis (Acari:Ixodidae) in nature: life cycle and study design implications. Journal of Medical Entomology 33:619-627.
6. Bland, J. M., and D. G. Altman. 1995. Multiple significance tests: the Bonferroni method. British Medical Journal 310:170.
7. Brown, J. H., G. C. Stevens, and D. M. Kaufman. 1996. The geographic range: size, shape, boundaries, and internal structure. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 27:597-623.
8. Brownstein, J. S., T. R. Holford, and D. Fish. 2003. A climate-based model predicts the spatial distribution of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in the United States. Environmental Health Perspectives 111:1152-1157.
9. Brownstein, J. S., D. K. Skelly, T. R. Holford, and D. Fish. 2005. Forest fragmentation predicts local scale heterogeneity of Lyme disease risk. Oecologia 146:469-475.
10. Brunner, J. L., L. Cheney, F. Keesing, M. Killilea, K. Logiudice, A. Previtali, and R. S. Ostfeld. 2011. Molting success of Ixodes scapularis varies among individual blood meal hosts and species. Journal of Medical Entomology 48:860-866.
11. Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 2002. Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach. Springer, New York, New York, USA.
12. Connally, N. P., H. S. Ginsberg, and T. N. Mather. 2006. Assessing peridomestic entomological factors as predictors for Lyme disease. Journal of Vector Ecology 31:364-370.
13. Crooks, E., and S. E. Randolph. 2006. Walking by Ixodes ricinus ticks: intrinsic and extrinsic factors determine the attraction of moisture or host odour. Journal of Experimental Biology 209:2138-2142.
14. 1. Biometrika 60:613-622.
15. D'Agostino, R. B., A. Belanger, and R. B. D'Agostino, Jr. 1990. A suggestion for using powerful and informative tests of normality. The American Statistician 44:316-321.
16. Daniels, T. J., T. M. Boccia, S. Varde, J. Marcus, J. Le, D. J. Bucher, R. C. Falco, and I. Schwartz. 1998. Geographic risk for Lyme disease and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in southern New York state. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64:4663-4669.
17. Daniels, T. J., R. C. Falco, K. L. Curran, and D. Fish. 1996. Timing of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) oviposition and larval activity in southern New York. Journal of Medical Entomology 33:140-147.
18. Devevey, G., and D. Brisson. 2012. The effect of spatial heterogenity on the aggregation of ticks on whitefooted mice. Parasitology 139:915-925.
19. Diuk-Wasser, M. A., G. Vourc'h, P. Cislo, A. G. Hoen, F. Melton, S. A. Hamer, M. Rowland, R. Cortinas, G. J. Hickling, J. I. Tsao, A. G. Barbour, U. Kitron, J. Piesman, and D. Fish. 2010. Field and climatebased model for predicting the density of hostseeking nymphal Ixodes scapularis, an important vector of tick-borne disease agents in the eastern United States. Global Ecology and Biogeography 19:504-514.
20. Estrada-Peña, A. 2002. Increasing habitat suitability in the United States for the tick that transmits Lyme disease: a remote sensing approach. Environmental Health Perspectives 110:635-640.
21. Gage, K. L., T. R. Burkot, R. J. Eisen, and E. B. Hayes. 2008. Climate and vectorborne diseases. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 35:436-450.
22. Ginsberg, H. S., and C. P. Ewing. 1989. Comparison of flagging, walking, trapping, and collecting from hosts as sampling methods for northern deer ticks, Ixodes dammini, and lone-star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology 7:313-322.
23. Guerra, M., E. Walker, C. Jones, S. Paskewitz, M. R. Cortinas, A. Stancil, L. Beck, M. Bobo, and U. Kitron. 2002. Predicting the risk of Lyme disease: habitat suitability for Ixodes scapularis in the north central United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases 8:289-297.
24. Guisan, A., and W. Thuiller. 2005. Predicting species distribution: offering more than simple habitat models. Ecology Letters 8:993-1009.
25. Hamer, S. A., J. I. Tsao, E. D. Walker, and G. J. Hickling. 2010. Invasion of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis: implications for Borrelia burgdorferi endemicity. Ecohealth 7:47-63.
26. Härkönen, L., S. Härkönen, A. Kaitala, S. Kaunisto, R. Kortet, S. Laaksonen, and H. Ylönen. 2010. Predicting range expansion of an ectoparasite-the effect of spring and summer temperatures on deer ked Lipoptena cervi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) performance along a latitudinal gradient. Ecography 33:906-912.
27. Hijmans, R. J., S. E. Cameron, J. L. Parra, P. G. Jones, and A. Jarvis. 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25:1965-1978.
28. Hubálek, Z., J. Halouzka, and Z. Juøicová. 2003. Hostseeking activity of ixodid ticks in relation to weather variables. Journal of Vector Ecology 28:159-165.
29. Jaenson, T. G., D. G. Jaenson, L. Eisen, E. Petersson, and E. Lindgren. 2012. Changes in the geographical distribution and abundance of the tick Ixodes ricinus during the past 30 years in Sweden. Parasites and Vectors 5:8.
30. Jaenson, T. G. T., and E. Lindgren. 2011. The range of Ixodes ricinus and the risk of contracting Lyme borreliosis will increase northwards when the vegetation period becomes longer. Ticks and Tickborne Diseases 2:44-49.
31. Jones, K. E., N. G. Patel, M. A. Levy, A. Storeygard, D. Balk, J. L. Gittleman, and P. Daszak. 2008. Global trends in emerging infectious diseases. Nature 451:990-993.
32. Kaplan, L., D. Kendell, D. Robertson, T. Livdahl, and C. Khatchikian. 2010. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Bermuda: extinction, invasion, invasion and extinction. Biological Invasions 12:3277-3288.
33. Khatchikian, C., J. Dennehy, C. Vitek, and T. Livdahl. 2010a. Environmental effects on bet hedging in Aedes mosquito egg hatch. Evolutionary Ecology 24:1159-1169.
34. Khatchikian, C., F. Sangermano, D. Kendell, and T. Livdahl. 2010b. Evaluation of species distribution model algorithms for fine-scale container-breeding mosquito risk prediction. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 25:268-275.
35. Krasnov, B. R., R. Poulin, G. I. Shenbrot, D. Mouillot, and I. S. Khokhlova. 2005. Host specificity and geographic range in haematophagous ectoparasites. Oikos 108:449-456.
36. Lindsay, L. R., I. K. Barker, G. A. Surgeoner, S. A. McEwen, T. J. Gillespie, and E. M. Addison. 1998. Survival and development of the different life stages of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) held within four habitats on Long Point, Ontario, Canada. Journal of Medical Entomology 35:189-199.
37. Lindsay, L. R., I. K. Barker, G. A. Surgeoner, S. A. McEwen, T. J. Gillespie, and J. T. Robinson. 1995. Survival and development of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) under various climatic conditions in Ontario, Canada. Journal of Medical Entomology 32:143-152.
38. Lounibos, L. P. 2002. Invasions by insect vectors of human disease. Annual Review of Entomology 47:233-266.
39. Materna, J., M. Daniel, and V. Danielova. 2005. Altitudinal distribution limit of the tick Ixodes ricinus shifted considerably towards higher altitudes in Central Europe: results of three years monitoring in the Krkonose Mts. (Czech Republic). Central European Journal of Public Health 13:24-28.
40. McGarigal, K., S. A. Cushman, M. C. Neel, and E. Ene. 2002. FRAGSTATS: spatial pattern analysis program for categorical maps. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
41. McGee, V. E., and W. T. Carleton. 1970. Piecewise regression. Journal of the American Statistical Association 65:1109-1125.
42. Neter, J., M. H. Kutner, C. J. Nachtsheim, and W. Wasserman. 1996. Applied linear regression models. Third edition. Irwin, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
43. O'Hara, R. B., and D. J. Kotze. 2010. Do not logtransform count data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 1:118-122.
44. Ogden, N. H., M. Bigras-Poulin, K. Hanincova, A. Maarouf, C. J. O'Callaghan, and K. Kurtenbach. 2008a. Projected effects of climate change on tick phenology and fitness of pathogens transmitted by the North American tick Ixodes scapularis. Journal of Theoretical Biology 254:621-632.
45. Ogden, N. H., L. R. Lindsay, G. Beauchamp, D. Charron, A. Maarouf, C. J. O'Callaghan, D. Waltner-Toews, and I. K. Barker. 2004. Investigation of relationships between temperature and developmental rates of tick Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field. Journal of Medical Entomology 41:622-633.
46. Ogden, N. H., L. R. Lindsay, M. Morshed, P. N. Sockett, and H. Artsob. 2009. The emergence of Lyme disease in Canada. Canadian Medical Association Journal 180:1221-1224.
47. Ogden, N. H., A. Maarouf, I. K. Barker, M. Bigras-Poulin, L. R. Lindsay, M. G. Morshed, C. J. O'Callaghan, F. Ramay, D. Waltner-Toews, and D. F. Charron. 2006. Climate change and the potential for range expansion of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in Canada. International Journal of Parasitology 36:63-70.
48. Ogden, N. H., L. St-Onge, I. K. Barker, S. Brazeau, M. Bigras-Poulin, D. F. Charron, C. M. Francis, A. Heagy, L. R. Lindsay, A. Maarouf, P. Michel, F. Milord, C. J. O'Callaghan, L. Trudel, and R. A. Thompson. 2008b. Risk maps for range expansion of the Lyme disease vector, Ixodes scapularis, in Canada now and with climate change. International Journal of Health Geography 7:24.
49. Oliver, J., R. G. Means, S. Kogut, M. Prusinski, J. J. Howard, L. J. Layne, F. K. Chu, A. Reddy, L. Lee, and D. J. White. 2006. Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in small mammals in New York State. Journal of Medical Entomology 43:924-935.
50. Ostfeld, R. S., C. D. Canham, K. Oggenfuss, R. J. Winchcombe, and F. Keesing. 2006. Climate, deer, rodents, and acorns as determinants of variation in Lyme-disease risk. PLoS Biology 4:e145.
51. Ostfeld, R. S., K. R. Hazler, and O. M. Cepeda. 1996. Temporal and spatial dynamics of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in a rural landscape. Journal of Medical Entomology 33:90-95.
52. Parkinson, A. J., and J. Berner. 2009. Climate change and impacts on human health in the Arctic: an international workshop on emerging threats and the response of Arctic communities to climate change. International Journal of Circumpolar Health 68:84-91.
53. Perret, J.-L., P. M. Guerin, P. A. Diehl, M. L. Vlimant, and L. Gern. 2003. Darkness induces mobility, and saturation deficit limits questing duration, in the tick Ixodes ricinus. Journal of Experimental Biology 206:1809-1815.
54. Perret, J.-L., O. Rais, and L. Gern. 2004. Influence of climate on the proportion of Ixodes ricinus nymphs and adults questing in a tick population. Journal of Medical Entomology 41:361-365.
55. R Development Core Team. 2008. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
56. Randolph, S. E. 1998. Ticks are not insects: consequences of contrasting vector biology for transmission potential. Parasitology Today 14:186-192.
57. Rosenberg, M. S., and C. D. Anderson. 2011. PASSaGE: pattern analysis, spatial statistics and geographic exegesis. Version 2. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 2:229-232.
58. Rykiel, E. J. 1996. Testing ecological models: the meaning of validation. Ecological Modelling 90:229-244.
59. SAS. 2007. JMP. Version 7. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
60. SPSS. 2008. SSPS. Version 13. SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
61. Sutherst, R., and A. Bourne. 2009. Modelling nonequilibrium distributions of invasive species: a tale of two modelling paradigms. Biological Invasions 11:1231-1237.
62. Taylor, L. H., S. M. Latham, and M. E. Woolhouse. 2001. Risk factors for human disease emergence. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 356:983-989.
63. Zeileis, A., C. Kleiber, and S. Jackman. 2007. Regression models for count data in R. Research Report Series, Department of Statistics and Mathematics, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration, Vienna, Austria.