Latino spin: Public image and the whitewashing of race

Latino Spin: Public Image and the Whitewashing of Race

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-224

  Davila, Arlene ^a  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84900194863     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (261)

1. Acuña, Rodolfo. 2006. Occupied America: A History of Chicanos. New York: Longman.
2. Advertising Age. 2006. Hispanic Fact Pack: Annual Guide to Hispanic Marketing and Media.
3. Alba, Richard, and Victor Nee. 2003. Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
4. Alcoff, Linda. 2005. Visible Identities: Race, Gender, and the Self. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
5. Alonso-Zaldivar, Ricardo. 2003. "For Millions Of Latinos, Race Is a Flexible Concept: The Rigid Labels Used By the Census Bureau Often Don't Fit The Beliefs of Their Ancestral Cultures." Los Angeles Times, March 11.
6. Alonso-Zaldivar, Ricardo. 2004. "Study Examines How Latinos View Themselves Racially." Houston Chronicle, December 6.
7. American Anthropological Association. 1973. "The Minority Experience in Anthropology: Report of the Committee on Minorities and Anthropology." American Anthropological Association (August), http://www.aaanet.org/committees/minority/minexp.htm (accessed November 3, 2005).
8. Anderson, Nick. 2004. "The Race to the White House; Parties Seeking to Speak Language of Latino Voters; Both Democrats and Republicans Unveil TV Ads Targeting a Crucial Constituency." Los Angeles Times March 6, Part A, p. 14.
9. Annie E. Casey Foundation. 2005. "Double Jeopardy: Advocasey Explores the High Cost of Being Poor." AdvoCasey (Winter): 1.
10. Arce, Maritere. 1995. "La Marqueta Muere Lentamente." El Diario/La Prensa 26 (13): 7.
11. Association of Hispanic Advertising Agencies. "Missed Opportunities: Vast Corporate Spending in the U.S. Hispanic Market." http://www.ahaa.org/research/Missedopportunities.pdf.
12. Association of Hispanic Advertising Agencies POV on the Economics of Integration. "The Dollars and "Sense" of the Immigration Debate." http://www.ahaa.org/media/Immigration%20Forum/Immigration%20POV.htm.
13. "At La Marqueta, Concrete and Enamel." 1996. New York Times, December 8, Real Estate section, p. 91.
14. Atwood, Roger. 2003. "Rediscovering Latin America." ARTnews (June): 99-101.
15. Badillo, Herman. 2006. "One Nation, One Standard: An Ex-Liberal on How Hispanics Can Succeed Just Like Other Immigrant Groups." Sentinel HC.
16. Baker, Chris. 2003. "What Is Middle Class?" Washington Times, November 30.
17. Balibar, Etienne. 1991. "Is There a Neo-Racism?" In Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities, ed. Etienne Balibar and Immanuel Wallerstein. New York: Verso.
18. Ballvé, Marcelo. 2004. "The Battle for Latino Media." NACLA Report on the Americas 37 (4): 20.
19. Bedolla, Lisa. 2005. Fluid Borders: Latino Power, Identity and Politics in Los Angeles. Berkeley: University of California Press.
20. Bendixen, Sergio. 2007. The 2006 Elections: The Issues and the Hispanic Electorate. Presentation at the Center for American Progress, Washington D.C., February 15.
21. Bengal, Shanshank. 2001. "Urban Legend." Trojan Family Magazine (University of Southern California) Summer. http://www.usc.edu/dept/pubrel/trojan_family/summer01/Jerde/Jerde.html.
22. Bennett, Jessica. 2006. "'Zero Impact': An economist talks about the economics of illegal immigrants-and why we may be overestimating the significance of undocumented workers." Newsweek, May 2. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12599439/site/newsweek/.
23. Blackwell, Angela Glover, Stewart Kwoh, and Manuel Pastor. 2002. Searching for the Uncommon Common Ground. New York: W. W. Norton.
24. Bok, Derek. 2003. Universities in the Marketplace: The Commercialization of Higher Education. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
25. Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 1998. White Supremacy and Racism in the Post-Civil Rights Era. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner.
26. Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2003. ""New Racism," Color-Blind Racism, and the Future of Whiteness in America." In White Out: The Continuing Significance of Racism, ed. Ashley W. Doane and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, 271-74. London: Routledge.
27. Bosquez, Mario. 2005. The Chalupa Rules: A Latino Guide to Gringolandia. New York: Penguin.
28. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1993. The Field of Cultural Production. New York: Columbia University Press.
29. Brash, Julian. 2006. "The Bloomberg Way: Development Politics, Urban Ideology, and Class Transformation in Contemporary New York City." Dissertation submitted the Graduate Faculty in Anthropology. New York: The Graduate Center.
30. Bright, Brenda, and Liza Bakewell. 1995. Looking High and Low: Art and Cultural Identity. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
31. Brodkin, Karen. 1999. How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says about Race in America. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.
32. Brooks, David. 2006. "Immigrants to Be Proud Of." New York Times, March 29.
33. Brown, Michael K., et al. 2005. Whitewashing Race: The Myth of a Color-Blind Society. Berkeley: University of California Press.
34. Butler, Johnnella. 2001. From Color-Lines to Borderlines: The Matrix of American Ethnic Studies. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
35. Cabán, Pedro. 2003. "From Challenge to Absorption: The Changing Face of Latina and Latino Studies." Center for Puerto Rican Studies 15 (2): 127-45.
36. Cardenas, Vanessa. 2007. "The Inexplicably Uncourted Latino Vote." Washingtonpost.com's Think Tank Town, October 13; http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2007/10/12/AR2007101201425.html.
37. Castañeda, Maria. 2007. "Spanish-Language Media in an Era of Deregulation." In Global Communications: Towards a Transcultural Political Economy, ed. P. Chakravartty and Y. Zhao. Landham: Rowman and Littlefield.
38. Center for Responsible Lending. 2006. "Unfair Lending: The Effects of Race and Ethnicity on the Price of Subprimer Mortgages." Washington, D.C.
39. Chait, Jocelyne. 2001. "Community-based Planning: Moving Beyond the Rhetoric. Progressive Planning." http://www.plannersnetwork.org/publications/2001_147/Chait.html.
40. Champagne, Patrick. 2004. "Making the People Speak: The Use of Public Opinion Polls in Democracy." Constellations 11 (1): 61-75.
41. Chavez, Leo. 2001. Covering Immigration: Popular Images and the Politics of the Nation. Berkeley: University of California Press.
42. Chavez, Linda. 1991. Out of the Barrio: Toward a New Politics of Hispanic Assimilation. New York: Basic Books.
43. Chavez, Linda. 2002. An Unlikely Conservative: The Transformation of an Ex-liberal, or, How I Became the Most Hated Hispanic in America. New York: Basic Books.
44. Cohen, Lizabeth. 2003. A Consumers' Republic: the Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America. New York: Vintage Books.
45. Community Board 11. 2005. "Affordable Housing Development Guidelines." http://www.cb11m.org/info/about.htm.
46. Community Board 11. 2007. "Statement of District Needs Fiscal Year 2007." http://www.cb11m.org/info/files/Statement%20FY07.pdf
47. Connaughton, Dina Nekrassova, and Katie Lever. 2007. "Talk About Issues: Policy Considerations in Campaign 2004 Latino-Oriented Presidential Spots." In Federico Subervi, The Mass Media and Latino Politics: Studies of Media Contents, Campaign Strategies and Survey Research 1984-2004.
48. Consumer Expenditure Survey. 2001. Consumer Expenditure Survey. U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics.
49. Cotter, Holland. 2003. "The S-Files." New York Times, January 17, Leisure/Weekend Desk, Section E, p. 48.
50. Cruz, Jon. 1996. "From Farce to Tragedy: Reflections on the Reification of Race at Century's End." In Mapping Multiculturalism, ed. Avery F. Gordon and Christopher Newfield, 19-39. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
51. Curiel, Carolyn. 2004. "How Hispanics Voted Republican. New York Times, November 8.
52. Dabbah, Mariela, and Arturo Poire. 2006. The Latino Advantage in the Workplace: Using Who You Are to Get Where You Want to Be. Naperville, Ill.: Sphinx Publishing.
53. Darder, Antonia, and Rodolfo D. Torres. 2003. "Mapping Latino Studies: Critical Reflections on Class and Social Theory." Latino Studies 1 (2): 303-24.
54. Davalos, Karen. 2001. Exhibiting Mestizaje: Mexican (American) Museums in the Diaspora. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
55. Dávila, Alberto, and Marie Mora. 2000. "English Skills, Earnings, and the Occupational Sorting of Mexican Americans along the U.S. Mexico Border." International Migration Review 34 (1): 33-157.
56. Dávila, Arlene. 1999. "Latinizing Culture: Art, Museums and the Politics of Multicultural Encompassment." Cultural Anthropology 14(2): 180-202.
57. Dávila, Arlene. 2001a. "Culture in the Battlefront: From Nationalist to Pan-Latino Projects." In Mambo Montage: The Latinization of New York, ed. Agustin Lao and Arlene Dávila, 159-82. New York: Columbia University Press.
58. Dávila, Arlene. 2001b. Latinos Inc. Marketing and the Making of a People. Berkeley: University of California Press.
59. Dávila, Arlene. 2004. Barrio Dreams: Puerto Ricans, Latinos and the Neoliberal City. Berkeley: University of California Press.
60. Davis, Hugh. 2006. Foreword.TRANSactions-Contemporary Latin American and Latino Art. Stephanie Hanor, ed. Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego.
61. Davis, Mike. 2001. Magical Urbanism: Latinos Reinvent the US Big City. New York: Verso.
62. De Genova, Nicholas, and Ana Ramos Zayas. 2003. Latino Crossings: Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and the Politics of Race and Citizenship. New York: Routledge.
63. De la Garza, Rodolfo. 2004. "Latino Politics." Annual Review of Political Science 7: 91-123.
64. Delmos, Jones. 1970. "Towards a Native Anthropology." Human Organization 29: 251-59.
65. DeSipio, Louis, and Roberto de la Garza. 2002. "Forever Seen as New: Latino Participation in American Elections." In Latinos: Remaking America, ed. Marcelo Suarez Orozco and Mariela M. Paez, 398-409. Berkeley: University of California Press.
66. Diaz, David. 2005. Barrio Urbanism: Chicanos, Planning, and American Cities. New York: Routledge.
67. Dominguez, Virginia. 1997. "A Taste for 'the Other': Intellectual Complicity in Racializing Practices." Current Anthropology 35 (4): 333-42.
68. Elliot, Andrea. 2004. "For New York Evangelicals, a Political Conversion." New York Times, November 14, Section 1; Column 2; Metropolitan Desk; Second Front: 35.
69. ESPN. (2007a). Sheffield Says Latin Players Easier to Control than Blacks, June 3. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2891875ESPN.
70. ESPN. (2007b). Perez on Sheff's Comments: "That's going to hurt a lot of people." June 6. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2893756.
71. Ewen, Stuart. 1996. PR! A Social History of Spin. New York: Basic Books.
72. Feinsand, Ozzie. 2007. "Latinos' Love of Baseball the Key." New York Daily News, June 5.
73. Flores, Henry. 2004. "Tio Politico; 'Are Latinos Republicans or Democrats?'" La Prensa, December 29, 16 (24): 8A.
74. Flores, Juan. 1996. "Pan-Latino/Trans-Latino: Puerto Ricans in the "New Nueva York." CENTRO Bulletin 8(1-2): 170-86.
75. Fraga, Luis, John Garcia, Rodney Hero, Michael Jones-Correa, Martinez-Eers, and Gary Segura. 2006. Redefining America: Findings from the 2006 Latino National Survey. Presentation at the Center for American Progress. February 16, 2007.
76. Frank, Thomas. 2005. What's the Matter with Kansas: How Conservatives Won the Heart of America. New York: Owl Books.
77. Fusco, Coco. 1995. English Is Broken Here: Notes on Cultural Fusion in the Americas. New York: New Press.
78. Fusco, Coco, and Guillermo Gomez Pena. 1995. "Nationalism and Latinos, North-South: A Dialogue." In English Is Broken Here: Notes on Cultural Fusion in the Americas. New York: New Press.
79. Garcia, Charles Patrick. 2006. A Message from Garcia: Yes, You Can Succeed. New York: Wiley.
80. Garcia, Chris F., John Garcia, Angelo Falcón, and Rodolfo O. De la Garza. 1989. "Studying Latino Politics: The Development of the Latino National Political Survey." PS: Political Science and Politics 22 (4): 848-52.
81. Garcia, Guy. 2004. The New Mainstream: How the Multicultural Consumer Is Transforming American Business. New York: Rayo.
82. Garcia, Mario T. 1989. Mexican Americans: Leadership, Ideology and Identity, 1930-1950s. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.
83. Gaspar de Alba, Alicia. 1998. Chicano Art Inside Outside the Master's House: Cultural Politics and the CARA Exhibition. Austin: University of Texas Press.
84. Goldberg, David Theo. 1993. Racist Culture: Philosophy and the Politics of Meaning. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell.
85. Goldman, Shifra. 1994. Dimensions of Art in the Americas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
86. Gómez-Peña, Guillermo. 1996. "The Multicultural Paradigm: An Open Letter to the National Arts Community." In Beyond the Fantastic: Contemporary Art Criticism from Latin America, ed. Gerardo Mosquera, 183-95. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
87. Gonzalez, Gilbert. 2007. Guest Workers or Colonized Labor? Mexican Labor Migration to the United States. Boulder, Colo.: Paradigm.
88. Gonzalez, Juan. 2001. Harvest of Empire: A History of Latinos in America. New York: Penguin Books.
89. Gonzalez, Juan. 2004. "Don't Count Out Rupe in Nielsen Row." New York Daily News, June 3, p. 16.
90. Gonzalez, Michael. 2004. "Hispanic for Jorge." Wall Street Journal, November 8, Eastern Edition, A15.
91. Gonzalez, Rita. 2003a. "Archiving the Latino Arts before It Is Too Late." Latino Policy and Issues Brief. Los Angeles: UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center, no. 6, April.
92. Gonzalez, Rita. 2003b. "An Undocumented History: A Survey of Index Citations and Art Historical Resources for Latino and Latina Artists." Latino Policy and Issues Brief. Los Angeles: UCLA Chicano Studies.
93. Gosselin, Peter. 2004. "The New Deal; The New Dean; If America Is Richer, Why Are Its Families So Much Less Secure?" Los Angeles Times, October 10, p. A1.
94. Grosfoguel, Ramon, Nelson Maldonado-Torres, and Jose David Saldivar. 2006. Latino/as in the World-System: Decolonization Struggles in the 21st-Century U.S.Empire. Boulder, Colo.: Paradigm.
95. Grow, Brian, Adrienne Carter, Roger O. Crockett, and Geri Smith. 2005. "Embracing Illegals." Business Week, July 18, 56.
96. Guinier, Lani, and Gerald Torres. 2002. The Miner's Canary: Enlisting Race, Resisting Power, Transforming Democracy, ed. Sandra Jackson and Jose Solid. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
97. Gutierrez, David. 1995. Walls and Mirrors: Mexican Americans, Mexican Immigrants, and the Politics of Ethnicity. Berkeley: University of California Press.
98. Hall, Stuart. 1991. "The Local and the Global: Globalization and Ethnicity." In Culture, Globalization and the World System, ed. Anthony D. King. Binghamton: Department of Art and Art History, SUNY at Binghamton.
99. Hall, Stuart. ed. 1997. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. London: Sage Publications and Open University.
100. Haney-López, Ian. 2005. "Race on the 2010 Census: Hispanics and the Shrinking White Majority." Daedalus 134 (1): 42.
101. Handler, Richard. 1988. Nationalism and the Politics of Culture in Quebec. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
102. Handler, Richard. ed. 2000. Excluded Ancestors, Inventible Traditions: Essays toward a More Inclusive History of Anthropology. Madison: Wisconsin University Press.
103. Hanor, Stephanie. 2006. "Transactions: Across and Beyond Borders." In TRANSactions: Contemporary Latin American and Latino Art. Museum of Contemporary Art, San Diego.
104. Harrison, Faye, and Ira Harrison. 1998. "Anthropology, African Americans, and the Emancipation of a Subjugated Knowledge." In African American Pioneers in Anthropology, ed. Faye Harrison, 1-36. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
105. Haslip-Viera, Gabriel. 2005. "Report on the Status of Departments and Programs in Latino and Latin American Studies and Puerto Rican Studies at the City University of New York." New York: The CUNY Council of Departments and Programs in Latin American, Puerto Rican, and Latino Studies.
106. Haslip-Viera, Gabriel Falcón, Angelo Falcón, and Félix Matos Rodriguez. 2005. Boricuas in Gotham: Puerto Ricans in the Making of Modern New York City. Princeton, N.J.: Markus Wiener Publishers.
107. Hayes-Bautista, David. 2004. La Nueva California: Latinos in the Golden State. Berkeley: University of California Press.
108. Hero, Rodney, Chris Garcia, John Garcia, and Harry Pachon. 2000. "Latino Participation, Partisanship and Office Holding." PS: Political Science and Politics 33 (3): 529-34.
109. Hispanic Business. 2003. "U.S. Hispanic Consumers in Transition: A Description Guide. A HispanTelligence Special Report." A Hispanic Business Inc. Research Unit, June.
110. Hispanic Voter Project. 2004. "Bikini Politics: The 2004 Presidential Campaigns' Hispanic Media Efforts Cover Only the Essential Parts of the Body Politic: A Select Group of Voters in a Few Battleground States." Hispanic Voter Project, Johns Hopkins University. September 28. http://www.jhu.edu/advanced/communication/hvp_2004_Interim_Report_Segal.pdf.
111. Honig, Bonnie. 1998. "Immigrant America? How Foreigners 'Solve' Democracy's Problems." Social Text 56, 16 (3): 1-27.
112. Horton, Ann. 1993. "Conversations with Curator Waldo Rasmussen." Latin American Art 5, (1): 40-41.
113. Horwitz, Tony. 2006. "Immigration and the Curse of the Black Legend." New York Times, Op Ed, July 9.
114. Hutchinson, Earl Ofari. 2007. The Latino Challenge to Black America: Towards a Conversation between African Americans and Hispanics. Chicago: Middle Passage Press.
115. Igo, Sarah. 2007. The Averaged American: Surveys, Citizens, and the Making of a Mass Public. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
116. JERDE. 2006. "Ciudad de Sueños." Proposal prepared for the City of New York, January.
117. Johnson, Kirk. 2004. "Hispanic Voters Declared Their Independence." New York Times, November 9.
118. Jones, Delmos J. 1970. "Towards a Native Anthropology." Human Organization 29 (4): 251-58.
119. Juffer, Jane. 2001. "The Limits of Culture: Latina/o Studies, Diversity Management, and the Corporate University." Nepantla 2 (2): 265-93.
120. July, Gordon, Avery Newfield, and Christopher, eds. 1996. Mapping Multiculturalism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
121. Kanellos, Nicolas. 1998. Thirty Million Strong: Reclaiming the Hispanic Image in American Culture. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum Press.
122. Kasindorf, Martin. 2004. "Hispanic Voters Paint a New Picture." USA Today, November 11.
123. Karp, Ivan, Christine Mullen Kreamer, and Steven D. Levine. 1992. Museums and Communities: The Politics of Public Culture. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
124. Kinzer, Stephen. 2002. "Arts in America: Mexico's Cultural Diplomacy Aims to Win Hearts in U.S." New York Times, August 1, The Arts Cultural Desk, Section E, p. 1.
125. Kirp, David L. 2003. Shakespeare, Einstein, and the Bottom Line: The Marketing of Higher Education. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
126. Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, Barbara. 1998. Destination Culture, Tourism, Museums and Heritage. Berkeley: University of California Press.
127. Kochhar, Rakesh. 2004. "The Wealth of Hispanic Households: 1996-2002." The Pew Hispanic Center, Washington D.C., October 18.
128. Kolata, Gina. 2007. "Data on Hispanic Immigrants Presents Puzzle on Aging." New York Times, January 3.
129. Kornblum, Janet. 2002. "More Hispanic Catholics Losing Their Religion; Church Hasn't 'Caught Up' with People." USA Today, December 12. p. D12.
130. Korzenny, Felipe, and Betty Ann Korzenny. 2005. Hispanic Marketing: A Cultural Perspective. Burlington, Mass.: Butterworth-Heinemann.
131. Kovach, Gretel. 2007. "Pesos for Pizzas FOR PIZZAS?" New York Times, February 19. Vol. 139, Issue 10, p. 8.
132. Kravetz, Carl, AHAA Chair. 2006. "Latino Cultural Identity Project." Presented at AHAA 21st Conference, September 20, in Miami, Florida. http://www.ahaa.org/meetings/Miami06/presentation/presentation.htm.
133. Larmer, Brook. 1999. "Latino America." Newsweek, July 12.
134. Leal, David, Matt Barreto, Jongho Lee, and Rodolfo de la Garza. 2005. "The Latino Vote in the 2004 Election." PS: Political Science and Politics 38: 41-49.
135. LeBron, Marisol. 2007. Transboricuas, Sellouts, And None of the Above: Representing Puerto Rican Identities at El Museo del Barrio." Honors Undergraduate Thesis. Oberlin, Ohio: Oberlin College.
136. Lee, Denny. 2002. "A 'Museo' Moves Away From Its Barrio Identity." New York Times, July 21, Section 14, p. 4.
137. Lewis, Justin. 2001. Constructing Public Opinion: How Political Elites Do What They Like and Why We Seem to Go Along with It. New York: Columbia University Press.
138. Limon, Jose. 1993. "Representation, Ethnicity and the Precursory Ethnography: Notes of a Native Anthropologist." In Recapturing Anthropology: Working in the Present, ed. Richard G. Fox, 115-36. Santa Fe, N.M.: School of American Research Press.
139. Limon, Jose. 2003. "Have We Arrived? Class, Museum Culture and Mexican-America." http://latino.si.edu/researchandmuseums/presentations/jose_limon.htm.
140. Lippard, Lucy. 1990. Mixed Blessings: New Art in a Multicultural America. New York: Pantheon Books.
141. Lippard, Lucy. 2002. Biting the Hand: Artists and Museums in New York Since 1969. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
142. Lovato, Roberto. 2007a. "The Smog of War." Nation, April 2.
143. Lovato, Roberto. 2007b. "Becoming Americano." Public Eye 22 (1): 1.
144. Lucie-Smith, Edward. 1993. Latin American Art of the Twentieth Century. London: Thames and Hudson.
145. MacFarquhar, Larissa. 2004. "The Pollster: Does John Zogby Know Who Will Win the Election? New Yorker, October 18.
146. Manhattan Community District 11. 1996. "New Directions, El Barrio Spanish Harlem, East Harlem Triangle, Randalls and Wards Island." A 197-A Land Use Plan devised by Community Board No. 11, Borough of Manhattan.
147. Marable, Manning. 2000. Dispatches from the Ebony Tower: Intellectuals Confront the African American Experience. New York: Columbia University Press.
148. Marcus, George, and Fred Myers. 1995. The Traffic in Culture: Refiguring Art and Anthropology. Berkeley: University of California Press.
149. Marquez, Benjamin. 1993. LULAC: The Evolution of a Mexican American Political Organization. Austin: University of Texas Press.
150. Marquez, Benjamin. 2003. Constructing Identities in Mexican American Political Organizations: Choosing Issues, Taking Sides. Austin: University of Texas Press.
151. Massey, Douglas, Margarita Mooney, Kim Torres, and Camille Z. Charles. 2007. "Black Immigrants and Black Natives Attending Selective Colleges and Universities in the United States." American Journal of Education 113 (February): 243-73.
152. Meléndez Vélez, Edgardo. 2005. "The Puerto Rican Journey Revisited: Politics and the Study of Puerto Rican Migration." Centro Journal 17 (2): 191-220.
153. Mignolo, Walter. 2000. Local Histories/Global Designs: Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
154. Miller, Daniel. 1995. Acknowledging Consumption: A Review of New Studies. London, New York: Routledge.
155. Mindiola, Tatcho, Yolanda Flores Niemman, and Nestor Rodriguez. 2003. Black-Brown Relations and Stereotypes. Austin: University of Texas Press.
156. Montejano, David. 1987. Anglos and Mexicans in the Making of Texas, 1836-1986. Austin: University of Texas Press.
157. Moreno, María-José. 1997. "Identity Formation and Organizational Change in Nonprofit Institutions: A Comparative Study of Two Hispanic Museums." Ph.D. Thesis. Columbia University.
158. Mosquera, Gerardo. 1996. Beyond the Fantastic: Contemporary Art Criticism from Latin America. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
159. Myers, Fred. 2001. The Empire of Things: Regimes of Value and Material Culture. Santa Fe: School of American Research Advanced Seminar Series.
160. NALEO. 2004. "National Town halls: A Report on issues concerning Latino voters in 2004." Washington, D.C.: National Association of Latino Elected Officials.
161. NALEO. 2005. Directory of Latino Elected Officials. Los Angeles: National Association of Latino Elected Officials.
162. Napoli, Philip. 2006. "Audience Measurement and Media Policy: Audience Economics, the Diversity Principle and the Local People Meter." Working Paper. Bronx, N.Y.: The Donald McGannon Communication Research Center.
163. National Council of La Raza. 2004. Memorandum, "How Did Latinos Really Vote in 2004?" November 16. Washington, D.C.: NCLR.
164. National Latino Media Coalition. 2004. "Scholarly 'Confusion' Evident in Review of Latino Television Study by Tomas Rivera Policy Institute." Press release, July 12. New York City 2006 125th Street/ River to River. Department of City Planning. http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/125th/125th4.shtml.
165. Nava, Gregory. 2004. The Presumed Alliance: The Unspoken Conflict Between Latinos and Blacks and What It Means for America. New York: Harper Collins.
166. Noriega, Chon A. 2000. East of the River: Chicano Art Collectors Anonymous. Santa Monica: Santa Monica Museum of Art.
167. NYFA. 2001. Culture Counts: Strategies for a More Vibrant Cultural Life for New York City. New York Foundation for the Arts.
168. Oboler, Suzanne. 1995. Ethnic Labels, Latino Lives: Identity and the Politics of (Re) Presentation in the United States. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
169. Ong, Aihwa. 1999. "Cultural Citizenship as Subject Making: Immigrants Negotiate Racial and Cultural Boundaries in the United States." In Race, Identity and Citizenship, ed. Rodolfo Torres et al., 262-94. New York: Blackwell.
170. Orfield, Gary, and Michal Kurlaender. 2001. "Diversity Challenged: Evidence on the Impact of Affirmative Action." Civil Rights Project. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Education Pub. Group.
171. Ortner, Sherry. 2003. New Jersey Dreaming, Capital, Culture and the Class of '58. New Durham: Duke University Press.
172. Park, Edward J. W., and John S. W. Park. 1999. "A New American Dilemma? Asian Americans and Latinos in Race Theorizing." Journal of Asian American Studies 2 (3): 289-309.
173. Peñaloza, Lisa. 1994. "Ya Viene Atzlan! Latinos in US Advertising." Media Studies Journal (Summer): 133-41.
174. Perez-Torres, Rafael. 2006. Mestizaje: Critical Uses of Race in Chicano Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
175. Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family Foundation. 2004. National Survey Of Latinos Politics and Civic Participation. The Henry Kaiser Family Foundation.
176. Pimentel, Felipe. 2005. "The Decline of the Puerto Rican Full-time Faculty at the City University of New York from 1981-2002." Center for Puerto Rican Studies 2 (3): Hunter College, New York.
177. Pinon, Juan. 2007. "Azteca America's Strategies of Expansion and the Struggle for the Legitimate Latino Representation." Paper presented at NYU's Culture and Communication Program, February 12, New York.
178. Political Communication Lab. 2005. Stanford University. http://pcl.stanford.edu/campaigns/campaign2004/archive.html.
179. Portes, Alejandro, and Alex Stepic. 1993. City on the Edge: The Transformation of Miami. Berkeley: University of California Press.
180. Portes, Alejandro, and Ruben Rumbaut. 2001. Legacies: The Story of the Immigrant Second Generation. Berkeley: University of California Press.
181. Powell, Michael. 2007. "A Tale of Two Cities." New York Times, May 6, Section 14, p. 1.
182. Prashad, Vijay. 2000. The Karma of Brown Folk. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
183. Pulido, Laura. 2006. Black, Brown, Yellow and Red: Radical Activism in Los Angeles. Berkeley: University of California Press.
184. Radelat, Ana. 2004. "Hispanics Boost G.O.P." Hispanic 17 (12): 16-18.
185. Ramirez, Mari Carmen. 1996. "Beyond the Fantastic: Framing Identity in U.S. Exhibitions of Latin American Art." In Beyond the Fantastic: Contemporary Art Criticism from Latin America, ed. Gerardo Mosquera, 229-45. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
186. Ramirez, Mari Carmen. 2002. "Collecting Latin American Art for the 21st Century." International Center for the Arts of the Americas. Houston: Museum of Fine Arts.
187. Ramirez, Yasmin. 2003. "Passing on Latinidad: An Analysis of Critical Responses to El Museo Del Barrio's Pan-Latino Mission Statements." Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian National Research Conference.2002.
188. Ramirez, Yasmin. 2007. "The Activist Legacy of Puerto Rican Artists in New York and the Art Heritage of Puerto Rico." ICAA Documents Working Papers, No. 1, September, 46-53.
189. Ramos, Jorge. 2004. The Latino Wave: How Hispanics Will Elect the Next American President. New York: Rayo.
190. Rasmussen, Waldo, Fatima Bercht, and Elizabeth Ferrer. 1993. Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century. New York: Harry N. Abrams.
191. Reynolds, Howard. 2006. "Gary Sheffield: Latinos Are Easier to Control Than Blacks," Latinosports.com, June 4, 2007.
192. Rifkin, Janey. 1999. "Tomorrow's Middle Class Is Defined as Hispanic." Hispanic Times Magazine 20 (5): 54.
193. Rincon and Associates. 2004. "Latino Television Study." Prepared for the National Latino Media Coalition, February 1.
194. Rodriguez, Clara. 2000. Changing Race: Latinos, the Census and the History of Ethnicity. New York: New York University Press.
195. Rodriguez, Gregory. 1996. "The Emerging Latin Middle Class." Research Report, Davenport Institute, Pepperdine University, School of Public Policy.
196. Rodriguez, Gregory. 2005. "Why We're the New Irish." Newsweek, May 30, 35.
197. Rodriguez, Richard. 1982. Hunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez. New York: Bantam Books.
198. Roediger, David R. 1999. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class. London: Verso.
199. Sampson, Robert. 2006. "Open Doors Don't Invite Criminals." New York Times, Op Ed., March 11.
200. Sanchez, George. 2007. Keynote Address. NYU Conference: "Humanities or Human Resources? The Future of Ethnic Studies and Labor in the Corporate University." New York University, American Studies Program. April 13.
201. Sanchez, Jose. 2007. Boricua Power: A Political History of Puerto Ricans in the United States. New York: New York University Press.
202. Sanchez, Leslie. 2007. Los Republicanos: Why Hispanics and Republicans Need Each Other. New York: Palgrave.
203. Sanchez-Korrol, Virginia. 1983. From Colonia to Community: The History of Puerto Ricans in New York City. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
204. Santa Ana, Otto. 2002. Brown Tide Rising: Metaphors of Latinos in Contemporary American Public Discourse. Austin: University of Texas Press.
205. Santiago Irizarry, Vilma. 1996. "Culture as Cure." Cultural Anthropology 11 (1): 3-24.
206. Sawyer, Mark. 2005. "Racial Politics in Multiethnic America: Black and Latina/o Identities and Coalitions." In Neither Enemies nor Friends: Latinos, Blacks and Afro-Latinos, ed. Anani Dzdzienyo and Suzane Oboler, 265-80. New York: Palgrave.
207. Scott, Janny, and David Leonhardt. 2005. "Class in America: Shadowy Lines that Still Divide." New York Times, May 15.
208. Segal, Adam. 2003. "The Hispanic Priority: The Spanish Language Television Battle for the Hispanic Vote in the 2000 U.S.Presidential Election." Hispanic Voter Project, Johns Hopkins University, February.
209. Segal, Adam. 2004. "Presidential Spanish Language Political Television Advertising Set Records in Early Primaries." Hispanic Voter Project, Johns Hopkins University, March.
210. Segal, Daniel, and Richard Handler. 1995. "U.S. Multiculturalism and the Concept of Culture." Identities: Global Studies of Culture and Power 1 (4): 391-408.
211. Seggerman, Helen-Louise. 1995. "Latin American Art at Christie's and Sotheby's." Art Nexus 18 (October/December): 198-99.
212. Sheriff, Robin. 2001. Dreaming Equality: Color, Race, and Racism in Urban Brazil. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.
213. Silva, Javier, and Rebecca Epstein. 2005. "Costly Credit: African Americans and Latinos in Debt: Borrowing to Make Ends Meet Briefing Paper #5." DEMOS: A Network of Ideas. New York, May.
214. Smith, James P. 2003. "Assimilation across the Latino Generations." American Economic Review 93 (2): 315-19.
215. Smith, Robert. 2005. Mexican New York: Transnational Lives of Immigrants. Berkeley: University of California Press.
216. Sosa, Lionel. 1998. The Americano Dream: How Latinos Can Achieve Success in Business and in Life. New York: Dutton.
217. Sosa Lionel, with the Napoleon Hill Foundation. 2006. Think and Grow Rich: A Latino Choice. New York: Ballantine Books.
218. Stoler, Ann Laura. 2002. Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial Rule. Berkeley: University of California Press.
219. Stutzman, Ronald. 1981. "El Mestizaje: An All-Inclusive Ideology of Exclusion." In Cultural Transformations and Ethnicity in Modern Ecuador, ed. Norman E. Whitten, Jr., 45-94. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
220. Subervi-Velez, Federico, ed. 2008. Mass Media and Latino Politics: Studies of Media Content, Campaign Strategies and Survey Research: 1984-2004. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.
221. Sullivan, Edward J. 2000. Latin American Art in the Twentieth Century. London: Phaidon.
222. Suro, Roberto, Richard Fry, and Jeffrey Passel. 2005. Hispanics and the 2004 Election: Population, Electorate and Voters. Washington, D.C.: Pew Hispanic Center.
223. Tafoya, Sonya. 2004. "Shades of Belonging." The Pew Hispanic Center, Washington, D.C.
224. Takacs, Stacey. 1999. "Alien Nation: Immigration, National Identity and Transnationalism." Cultural Studies 13 (4): 595-620.
225. Telles, Edward. 2006a. "Mexican Americans and the American Nation: A Response to Professor Huntington." Aztlan: A Journal of Chicano Studies 31(2): 7-23.
226. Telles, Edward. 2006b. Race in Another America: The Significance of Skin Color in Brazil. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
227. Tomás Rivera Policy Institute (TRPI). 2001. "The Latino Middle Class: Myth, Reality and Potential." Authors: Frank D. Bean, Stephen J. Trejo, Randy Crapps, and Michael Tyler. TRPI: Los Angeles.
228. Tomás Rivera Policy Institute (TRPI). 2004. "Policy Review Paper Assessing the Nielsen and Rincón Study on Latino Television Viewing." Authors: Rodolfo O. de la Garza, Ph.D., Louis De-Sipio, Ph.D., Jongho Lee, Ph.D., and Harry Pachon, Ph.D. http://www.trpi.org/update/media.html.
229. Torres, Andres. 2006. Latinos in New England. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
230. Torruella-Leval, Susana. 1995. "Coming of Age with the Muses: Change in the Age of Multiculturalism." Paper Series on the Arts, Culture and Society. New York: Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts.
231. Traba, Marta. 1994. Art of Latin America, 1900-1980. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
232. Turner, Terence. 1994. "Anthropology and Multiculturalism: What Is Anthropology That Multiculturalism Should Be Mindful Of." In Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader, ed. David Theo Goldberg, 406-25. Oxford: Blackwell.
233. Twine, France Winddance. 2006. Racism in a Racial Democracy: The Maintenance of White Supremacy in Brazil. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.
234. Urciuoli, Bonnie. 1996. Exposing Prejudice, Puerto Rican Experiences of Language, Race and Class. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
235. Urciuoli, Bonnie. 1999. "Producing Multiculturalism in Higher Education: Who's Producing What for Whom?" Qualitative Studies in Education 12 (3): 287-98.
236. U.S. Census Bureau. 1998. Income 1998. Table A. Comparison of Summary Measures of Income. http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/income98/in98sum.html
237. U.S. Census Bureau. 2003. Income in the United States: 2002. Prepared by Carmen De Navas-Walt, Robert Cleveland, and Bruce H. Webster Jr., U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/p60-221.pdf.
238. Vaca, Nicholas. 2004. The Presumed Alliance: The Unspoken Conflict between Latinos and Blacks and What It Means for America. New York: Rayo.
239. Valdes, Isabel. 2000. "Marketing to American Latinos." Paramount Market Publishing.
240. Valdes, Isabel, and Marta Seoane. 1995. "Hispanic Market Handbook: The Definite Source for Reaching This Lucrative Segment of American Consumers." Gale Research Inc.
241. Vega, Maria. 2002. "Una Casa Cultural Blanco de Discordia." El Diario, August 29, p. 26.
242. Vila, Pablo. 2000. Crossing Borders, Reinforcing Borders: Social Categories, Metaphors and Narrative Identities on the U.S.-Mexico Frontier. Austin: University of Texas Press.
243. Wartzman, Rick, and Joe Flint. 2000. "Nielsen Ratings Spark a Battle over Just Who Speaks Spanish." Wall Street Journal, February 25, p. B1.
244. Waterston, Alisse. 2006. "Are Latinos Becoming 'White' Folk? And What That Still Says about Race in America." Transforming Anthropology 14 (2): 133.
245. Weston, Kath. 1997. "The Virtual Anthropologist." In Anthropological Locations, ed. Akhil Gupta and James Ferguson, 163-84. Berkeley: University of California Press.
246. William C. Velasquez Institute. (undated). "The 2004 WCVI National Latino Election Day Exit Poll." By Dr. Henry Flores of St. Mary's University. Both reports were presented at the National Latino Exit Poll Briefing organized by Demos, December 6, in location.
247. Williams, Brackette. 1989. "A Class Act: Anthropology and the Race to Nation among Ethnic Terrain." Annual Review of Anthropology 18: 401-44.
248. Williams, Brackette. 1991. Stains in My Name, War in My Veins: Guyana and the Politics of Cultural Struggle. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
249. Williams, Brackette. 1993. "The Impact of the Precepts of Nationalism on the Concept of Culture: Making Grasshoppers of Naked Apes." Cultural Critique 24 (Spring): 143-91.
250. Williams, Raymond. 1977. Marxism and Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
251. Wilson, Patricia. 1984. "Puerto Rican Art in New York: The Aesthetic Analysis of Eleven Painters and Their Work." Ph.D. Dissertation, School of Education, New York University.
252. Wright, Erik Olin, ed. 2005. Approaches to Class Analysis. New York: Cambridge University Press.
253. Ybarra-Frausto, Tomás. 1991. "The Chicano Movement/The Movement of Chicano Art." In Exhibiting Cultures: The Poetics and Politics of Museum Display, ed. Ivan Karp and Steven Lavine, 128-50. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Press.
254. Ybarra-Frausto, Tomás. 2005. "Imagining a More Expansive Narrative of American Art." American Art 19 (3): 9-15.
255. Ybarra-Frausto, Tomás, and Michael Dear. 1999. "El Movimiento: The Chicano Cultural Project since the 1960s." In Urban Latino Cultures/La vida Latina en L.A. ed. Gustavo Leclerc, Raul Villa, and Michael J. Dear, 23-44. London: Sage Publications.
256. Yancey, George A. 2003. Who Is White? Latinos, Asians, and the New Black/Nonblack Divide. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
257. Yúdice, George. 1996. "Transnational Cultural Brokering of Art." In Beyond the Fantastic: Contemporary Art Criticism from Latin America, ed. Gerardo Mosquera, 196-215. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
258. Zaretsky, Aaron. 2005. "La Marqueta Arts and Culture Program." New York: East Harlem Business Capital Corporation.
259. Zate, Maria. 1994. "The Hispanic Middle Class." Hispanic Business, November.
260. Zogby, Joe, and Rebecca Wittman. 2004. "Hispanic Perspectives." Submitted to National Council of La Raza. Zogby International, New York.
261. Zolberg, Vera. 1992. "Art Museums and Living Artists: Contentious Communities." In Museums and Communities: The Politics of Public Culture, ed. Ivan Karp, Christine Mullen Kreamer, and Steven Lavine, 105-36. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.