Justice at war: Civil liberties and civil rights during times of crisis

Justice at War: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights During Times of Crisis

Volumn , Issue , 2003, Pages 1-219

  Delgado, Richard ^a   Hochschild, Jennifer ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b NONE

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EID: 84900090241     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (203)

1. The State of Black America (Lee A. Daniels ed., National Urban League 1998).
2. Terry Eastland, Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice (1996).
3. William G. Bowen & Derek Bok, The Shape of the River: Long-Term Consequences of Considering Race in College and University Admissions (1998).
4. Paul M. Barrett, The Good Black: ATrue Story of Race in America (1999).
5. A Civil Action (Touchstone Pictures 1998).
6. See, e.g., Ruth Colker, Anti-Subordination above All: Sex, Race, and Equal Protection, 61 N.Y.U. L. Rev. 1003 (1986) (arguing that the purpose of civil rights statutes should not be the policing of color-blind neutrality, but the removal of subordination).
7. See S. James Anaya, The Native Hawaiian People and International Human Rights Law: Toward a Remedy for Past and Continuing Wrongs, 28 Ga. L. Rev. 309, 336-60 (1994)
8. Robert A. Williams, Jr., Encounters on the Frontiers of International Human Rights Law: Redefining the Terms of Indigenous Peoples' Survival in the World, 1990 Duke L.J. 660, 701-3.
9. See William Raspberry, Human Rights Abuses, Not Abroad, but at Home, Wash. Post, Oct. 12, 1998, at A21; Amnesty International, Recommendations to the United States Government to Address Human Rights Violations in the USA.
10. See David Mechanic, Professional Judgment and the Rationing of Medical Care, 140 U. Pa. L. Rev. 1713, 1738 (1992)
11. Avram Goldstein, GU Study Finds Disparity in Heart Care, Wash. Post, Feb. 25, 1999, at A3
12. Brigid Schulte, Unequal Care for Minorities-Even the Rich, Educated, Insured-Prospect of Healthy Life Less Sure, Detroit Free Press, Aug. 3, 1998, at 1A
13. See Christopher D. Pixley, The Next Frontier in Public School Finance Reform: A Policy and Constitutional Analysis of School Choice Legislation, 24 J. Legis. 31 (1998)
14. Sarah Wyatt, U.S. Lagging on Graduation Rates: International Group Ranks American Eighth Graders Low in Math, Boulder Daily Camera, Nov. 24, 1998, at 7A.
15. See Paul Butler, Racially Based Jury Nullification: Black Power in the Criminal Justice System, 105 Yale L. J. 677 (1995) (urging that black jurors nullify prosecutions whose basic fairness they doubt).
16. See Robert H. Aronson, Professional Responsibility in a Nutshell 478-83 (2d ed. 1991).
17. See generally Richard D. Kahlenberg, The Remedy: Class, Race, and Affirmative Action (1996) (urging shift away from race- to class-based affirmative action).
18. See Jean Stefancic & Richard Delgado, No Mercy: How Conservative Think Tanks and Foundations Changed America's Social Agenda 45-81 (1997).
19. Hopwood v. Texas, 78 F.3d 932 (5th Cir. 1996) (striking down any consideration of race in university admissions in three states).
20. Deborah C. Malamud, Affirmative Action, Diversity, and the Black Middle Class, 68 U. Colo. L. Rev. 939, 995 (1997) (noting how admissions officers compete for the top rung of candidates from the diversity pool).
21. See Richard Delgado, 1998 Hugo L. Black Lecture: Ten Arguments against Affirmative Action-How Valid? 50 Ala. L. Rev. 135, 152 (1998) (describing likely consequences of shift to privilege-based programs).
22. See, e.g., El Pueblo para el Aire y Agua Limpio v. County of Kings, 22 Envtl. L. Rep. 20,357 (Cal. Super. Ct. 1991).
23. See Nancy Ehrenreich, The Colonization of the Womb, 43 Duke L.J. 492, 514-52 nn.70-74 (1993).
24. See Mary E. Thurston, The Lost History of the Canine Race (1995)
25. Kelly D. Burgess, Coping with Your Loss, Pitt. Post- Gazette, May 12, 1996, at VE2.
26. See Todd A. Krichmar, Prepayment of Funeral Expenses for Medicaid and SSI Recipients, N.Y. St. Bar J., July-Aug. 1997, at 42 (discussing limitations on funeral arrangements for welfare recipients under pre-1997 New York state law)
27. County Considers Cremation Policy for Poor, Press J. (Vero Beach, FL), Dec. 27, 1998, at A10.
28. See Diane Calkins, The Ones Left Behind: Finding Pet Care Can Make, Break Vacation, L.A. Times, June 21, 1990, San Diego County edition, at 3.
29. See K. C. Baker, The Privileged Pooch, N.Y. Daily News, Oct. 13, 1996, at 70.
30. See Allan Coukell, New Zealand Group Seeks Human Rights for Apes, Denv. Post, Mar. 16, 1999, at A16.
31. David J. Bederman, Symposium: Limitations on Commercial Speech: The Constitutionality of Agricultural Disparagement Statutes, 10 Depaul Bus. L.J. 191 (1998).
32. See Thomas Ross, Innocence and Affirmative Action, 43 Vand. L. Rev. 297, 299-301 (1990).
33. See Robert A. Williams, Jr., The Algebra of Federal Indian Law: The Hard Trail of Decolonizing and Americanizing the White Man's Indian Jurisprudence, 1986 Wis. L. Rev. 219, 298 n.248.
34. See, e.g., Chae Chan Ping v. United States, 130 U.S. 581 (1889) (Chinese Exclusion Case) (upholding immigration statute excluding certain Chinese from entering United States).
35. See Eva Hanks et al., Environmental Law and Policy 1-92 (1974) (detailing utilitarian and nonutilitarian reasons for environmental protection)
36. Joseph L. Sax, The Public Trust Doctrine in Natural Resources Law: Effective Judicial Intervention, 68 Mich. L. Rev. 471 (1970) (natural resources are limited commodities that, if too rapidly consumed, will be unavailable for future generations).
37. See John Muir, My First Summer in the Sierra 110 (1991) ("[W]here we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the universe.")
38. see also Edward O. Wilson, The Diversity of Life 133 (1992) (pointing out intricate interdependence of life forms on each other for food, support, and, at times, control of numbers).
39. See Regina Austin & Michael Schill, Black, Brown, Poor, and Poisoned: Minority Grassroots Environmentalism and the Quest for Eco-Justice, 1 Kan. J.L. & Pub. Pol'y 69 (1991).
40. See, e.g., William H. Frey, America's True Colors on a National Level, Orlando Sentinel, Aug. 9, 1998, at G1.
41. See Colleen Smith, Crafty Canines Shake Off Efforts at Reduction, Denv. Post Online-Lifestyles (visited Mar. 28, 1999) (pointing out that coyotes do the same thing); see also Peter Singer, Animal Liberation 234 (2d ed. 1990) (discussing possibility that deer and other hunted animals exhibit similar behavior).
42. See Robert W. Kates, Population, Technology, and the Human Environment: A Thread through Time, 125 Daedalus 43 (1996).
43. See Charles E. Longino, Jr., & John R. Earle, Who Are the Grandparents at Century's End? 20 Generations 13 (1996)
44. John Herberg, Census Data Reveal 70s Legacy: Poorer Cities and Richer Suburbs, N.Y. Times, Feb. 27, 1983, at G1.
45. Jean Stefancic & Richard Delgado, No Mercy: How Conservative Think Tanks and Foundations Changed America's Social Agenda (1996).
46. Kowalsky had cited, e.g., Robert A. Burt, Judges, Behavioral Scientists, and the Demands of Humanity, 143 U. Pa. L. Rev. 179, 183-85, 187-91 (1994).
47. E.g., Shelden Novick, Justice Holmes' Philosophy, 70 Wash. U. L. Q. 703, 729 (1929).
48. See Michael Olivas, Breaking the Law on Principle, 52 U. Pitt. L. Rev. 815 (1991) (describing career and disappearance of radical lawyer Oscar "Zeta" Acosta).
49. Somini Sengupta, Ill-Fated Path to America, Jail and Death, N.Y. Times, Nov. 5, 2001, at A1.
50. Sarah Lyall, Britain May Require ID Cards for All, N.Y. Times, Sept. 23, 2001, at A8.
51. See Mathew Purdy, Bush's New Rules to Fight Terror Transforming Legal Landscape, N.Y. Times, Nov. 25, 2001, at A1
52. Arlen Specter, Questioning the President's Authority, N.Y. Times, Nov. 28, 2001, at A27.
53. Pam Belluck, Hue and Murmur over Curbed Rights, N.Y. Times, Nov. 17, 2001, at B8
54. Robert Scher, Abandoning Principles Won't Provide Freedom, Boulder Daily Camera, Nov. 21, 2001, at 5A.
55. William Safire, Military Tribunals Modified, N.Y. Times, Mar. 21, 2002, at A33. The new rules still permit the use of hearsay evidence, provide no civilian court review, no jury, and allow for indefinite detention before a suspect is tried.
56. Fox Butterfield, Police Are Split on Questioning of Mideast Men, N.Y. Times, Nov. 22, 2001, at A1.
57. Bob Herbert, Rudy's No-Exit Strategy, N.Y. Times, Oct. 1, 2001, at A23
58. The Mayor's Dangerous Idea (Editorial), N.Y. Times, Sept. 28, 2001, at A30.
59. Richard Reeves, Patriotism Calls Out the Censor, N.Y. Times, Oct. 1, 2001, at A23.
60. E.g., Richard Cohen, Thanks for the Gift of America, Boulder Daily Camera, Nov. 25, 2001, at 3D
61. Frank Rich, The End of the Beginning, N.Y. Times, Sept.29, 2001, at A23.
62. Richard Delgado, When Equality Ends: Stories of Race and Resistance 127-42 (1999).
63. E.g., Richard Delgado et al., Words That Wound (1993)
64. Richard Delgado, The Coming Race War? And Other Apocalyptic Tales of America after Affirmative Action and Welfare 66-67 (1996).
65. William F. Wechsler, Terror's Money Trail, N.Y. Times, Sept. 26, 2001, at A23; 5 Months after Sanctions against Somali Company, Scant Proof on Qaeda Tie, N.Y. Times, Apr. 13, 2002, at A10
66. Donald G. McNeil, How Blocking Assets Erased a Wisp of Prosperity, N.Y. Times, Apr. 13, 2002, at A19.
67. Linda Greenhouse, In New York Visit, O'Connor Foresees Limits on Freedom, N.Y. Times, Sept. 29, 2001, at B5.
68. David Cole, Liberties in a Time of Fear, N.Y. Times, Sept. 25, 2001, at A29.
69. Civil Liberties vs. Threats to Society through U.S. History, N.Y. Times, Nov. 10, 2001 (unsigned).
70. Richard Delgado, Derrick Bell's Toolkit: Fit to Dismantle That Famous House? 75 N.Y.U. L. Rev. 283 (2000).
71. William Safire, Colin Powell Dissents, N.Y. Times, Jan. 28, 2002, at A21, col. 5.
72. Katharine Q. Seelye, A P.O.W. Tangle: What the Law Says, N.Y. Times, Jan. 29, 2002, at A14, col. 1. But the government seems to have returned to its earlier position. See Dirty Bombz and Civil Rights (Editorial), N.Y. Times, June 17, 2002, at A20 (describing the case of Jose Padilla, deemed an enemy combatant subject to indefinite detention).
73. Neil A. Lewis, Ashcroft Defends Antiterror Plan, Says May Aid U.S. Foes, N.Y. Times, Dec. 7, 2001, at A1
74. Frank Rich, Confessions of a Traitor, N.Y. Times, Dec. 8, 2001, at A25, col. 1.
75. Gaylord Shaw, First Lady, Justice Launching Civics Project, Boulder Daily Camera, Jan. 28, 2002, at 8A, col. 3.
76. Richard Delgado, The Rodrigo Chronicles, chapter 6, Black Crime, White Fears: On the Social Construction of Threat (1995).
77. E.g., Amy Goldstein, Detention Effort Aimed at Preventing More Terror, Wash. Post, Nov. 6, 2001
78. Anthony Lewis, It Can Happen Here, N.Y. Times, Nov. 11, 2001.
79. Robert M. Cover, Violence and the Word, 95 Yale L.J. 1601, 1609 (1986).
80. Alfredo Mirandé, The Mexican Exception (in progress 2001).
81. See Richard Delgado, Rodrigo's Chronicle, 101 Yale L.J. 1357, 1377-78 (1992).
82. Martin Luther King, Letter from a Birmingham Jail, in Why We Can't Wait 76-95 (1964).
83. See Alexander Stille, What Is America's Place in the World? N.Y. Times, Jan. 11, 2002, at A17 (setting out six alternative strategies in effort against terrorism).
84. Cf. Saad Mehio, How Islam and Politics Mixed, N.Y. Times, Dec. 2, 2001, at 15 (op-ed).
85. See Arundhati Roy, The Algebra of Infinite Justice, Guardian, Sept. 29, 2001.
86. Aimee Welch, When Voters Are the Legislators, Insight on the News, Dec. 11, 2000, at 22.
87. See William F. Schmidt, Birth to 59-Year Old Briton Raises Ethical Storm, N.Y. Times, Dec. 29, 1993, at A1 (describing laboratory of Italian physician who successfully implanted a fertilized egg donated by a younger woman in a postmenopausal patient, who went on to give birth to a healthy infant).
88. W.E.B. Du Bois, The Souls of Black Folk 2-15 (1903)
89. Richard Herrnstein & Charles Murray, The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life (1994).
90. See Richard Delgado, When Equality Ends: Stories about Race and Resistance 1-25 (1999).
91. Ian Haney Lopez, White by Law: The Legal Construction of Race (1997).
92. Robert L. Hayman, The Smart Culture: Society, Intelligence, and Law (1998).
93. See, e.g., Nicholas Lemann, The Big Test (1999)
94. Richard Delgado, Official Elitism or Institutional Self Interest? 10 Reasons Why U.C.-Davis Should Abandon the LSAT (and Why Other Good Law Schools Should Follow Suit) (2000 Edward L. Barrett, J. Lecture), 34 U.C.-Davis L. Rev. 593 (2001).
95. See Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973).
96. See Maher v. Roe, 432 U.S. 464 (1977).
97. See Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471 (1970).
98. See Skinner v. Oklahoma, 316 U.S. 535 (1942).
99. See Jean Stefancic & Richard Delgado, No Mercy: How Conservative Think Tanks and Foundations Changed America's Social Agenda 45-81 (1990).
100. See William E. Schmidt, Trial May Focus on Race Genetics, N.Y. Times, Sept. 6, 1994, at A16.
101. See Jack West, Licensing Parents (1995)
102. Howard B. Eisenberg, A "Model" Proposal: State Licensing of Parents, 26 Conn. L. Rev. 1415 (1994).
103. See Richard Delgado, Two Ways to Think about Race: Reflections on the Id, the Ego, and Other Reformist Theories of Equal Protection, 89 Geo. L. J. 2279 (2001).
104. Derrick Bell, Brown v. Board of Education and the Interest-Convergence Dilemma, 93 Harv. L. Rev. 518 (1980).
105. Alan Freeman, Legitimizing Racial Discrimination through Antidiscrimination Law: A Critical Review of Supreme Court Doctrine, 62 Minn. L. Rev. 1049 (1978)
106. Girardeau Spann, Pure Politics, 88 Mich. L. Rev. 1971 (1990).
107. See, e.g., Peter Brimelow, Alien Nation: Common Sense about America's Immigration Disaster (1995).
108. Stanley Fish, The Trouble with Principle (1999).
109. See Charles Lawrence, If He Hollers, Let Him Go: Regulating Racist Speech on Campus, 1996 Duke L.J. 431
110. Nadine Strossen, Regulating Hate Speech on Campus: A Modest Proposal? 1990 Duke L.J. 404.
111. Steven Shiffrin, Dissent, Injustice, and the Meanings of America 49-87 (1999)
112. See Richard Delgado, Toward a Legal Realist View of the First Amendment, 113 Harv. L. Rev. 778 (2000) (discussing the dissent view).
113. See Tamar Lewin, Job Offer to Feminist Scholar May Mark Turn, N.Y. Times, Feb. 24, 1989, at B10.
114. See Jerome Frank, Law and the Modern Mind (1930)
115. Felix Cohen, Transcendental Nonsense and the Functional Approach, 35 Colum. L. Rev. 809 (1935)
116. Karl Llewellyn, Some Realism about Realism: Responding to Dean Pound, 44 Harv. L. Rev. 1222 (1931)
117. Roscoe Pound, Mechanical Jurisprudence, 8 Colum. L. Rev. 605 (1908).
118. Richard Delgado, Words That Wound: A Tort Action for Racial Insults, Epithets, and Name-Calling, 17 Harv. C.R.-C.L. L. Rev. 133 (1982).
119. Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, Must We Defend Nazis? Hate Speech, Pornography, and the New First Amendment 88-89 (1997).
120. Thurgood Marshall, Essay, The Constitution's Bicentennial: Commemorating the Wrong Document? 40 Vand. L. Rev. 1337 (1987) (reprinting address to the Hawaii patent bar).
121. See, e.g., Juan Perea, Richard Delgado, Angela Harris, & Stephanie Wildman, Race and Races: Cases and Materials for a Diverse America 758-76 (1999)
122. Richard Delgado & David Yun, Bloodied Chickens: An Analysis of Paternalistic Objections to Hate-Speech Regulation, 82 Calif. L. Rev. 871, 881-82 (1994).
123. Walker v. City of Birmingham, 388 U.S. 307 (1967).
124. See Dinesh D'Souza, Illiberal Education: The Politics of Race and Sex on Campus (1991) (complaining of oppressive liberalism and political correctness at U.S. universities).
125. On the erosion of the Fourteenth Amendment, see, e.g., Richard Delgado, When Equality Ends: Stories of Race and Resistance 1-77 (1999).
126. See, e.g., Diana Jean Schemo, Ad Intended to Stir Up Campuses More than Succeeds in Its Mission, N.Y. Times, Mar. 21, 2001, at A1.
127. See Julie Bosman, The (No) Free Speech Movement, Wall St. J., Mar. 14, 2001, at A22, praising Horowitz for raising tough issues.
128. Morris Berman, The Twilight of American Culture 36 (2000).
129. David Skover & Ronald Collins, The Death of Discourse 5 (1998).
130. Leslie Walker, Buried Under a Mountain of Spam, Wash. Post, May 3, 2001, at E01.
131. Alexander Tsesis, Destructive Messages (NYU Press, 2002).
132. Stanley Fish, The Trouble with Principle (1999).
133. Stanley Fish, Doing What Comes Naturally: Change, Rhetoric, and the Practice of Theory in Literary and Legal Studies (1989).
134. Stanley Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? The Authority of Interpretive Communities (1980).
135. Stanley Fish, There's No Such Thing as Free Speech, and It's a Good Thing, Too (1994).
136. Mari Matsuda, On Causation, 100 Colum. L. Rev. 2195 (2001).
137. See Rubanick v. Witco Chem. Corp., 593 A.2d 733 (N.J.) 1991)
138. Richard Delgado, Beyond Sindell: Relaxation of Cause-in- Fact Rules for Indeterminate Plaintiffs, 70 Calif. L. Rev. 881 (1982).
139. See David E. Sanger, ATop Japanese Politician Calls U.S. Work Force Lazy, N.Y. Times, Jan. 21, 1992 at D1 (Yoshio Sakurauchi, then speaker of Japan's lower house of Parliament, claimed the economic recession in the United States could be blamed on lazy workers and illiteracy).
140. See, e.g., George Lipsitz, The Possessive Investment in Whiteness 142-43 (1998)
141. William Raspberry, Fact-Based Education, Wash. Post, Nov. 29, 1996, at 71
142. Glenn Wolceshyn, Socializing Students for Anarchy: In Eschewing Rational, Individual Thought, "Progressive" Education Foments Violence, L.A. Times, Feb. 18, 1997, at 7.
143. See, e.g., Kevin Vaughan, Rocker Manson Blames Society for Columbine, Rocky MT. News, June 2, 1999, at 7A.
144. See, e.g., Chuck Green, Jocks Still Hold Sway at School, Denver Post, May 23, 1999, at B01.
145. See, e.g., Kieran Nicholson et al., Columbine Report Rips Police, Schools, Red Flags Ignored, Governor's Commission Says, Denver Post, May 18, 2001, at A1.
146. See, e.g., Mark Obmascik et al., Tracing a Deadly Trail, Denver Post, Apr. 27, 1999, at AA1.
147. See, e.g., Patricia Callahan & Karen Auge, Schools Seek Way to Defuse Bullying, Denver Post, Apr. 23, 1999, at A1.
148. See, e.g., Jessica Crosby, Video Game Violence: Pushing the Wrong Buttons, Industry Zapped by Growing Controversy, Wash. Post, Oct. 25, 1993, at C1.
149. See, e.g., Lance Hannan & James Defronzo, Welfare & Property Crime, 15 Justice Q. 273 (1998).
150. Dinesh D'Souza, The End of Racism: Principles for a Multicultural Society 3, 16-17, 23, 260-62, 482-86 (1995)
151. Stephan Thernstrom & Abigail Thernstrom, America in Black and White: One Nation, Indivisible 267 (1997).
152. See Richard Delgado, When Equality Ends: Stories about Race and Resistance 37-54 (1999).
153. See Mari Matsuda, Looking to the Bottom: Critical Legal Studies and Reparations, 22 Harv. C.R.-C.L. L. Rev 323 (1987) (advocating reparations as remedy for racial and other wrongs).
154. See Felicia R. Lee, Foes of War Say Kerrey Was a Victim, Too, N.Y. Times, May 6, 2001, at S4-1.
155. Richard Delgado, When Equality Ends: Stories about Race and Resistance 55-78, 223-35 (1999)
156. Jean Stefancic & Richard Delgado, No Mercy: How Conservative Think Tanks and Foundations Changed America's Social Agenda (1996).
157. Mary Dudziak, Cold War Civil Rights: Race and the Image of American Democracy 3-6 (2000).
158. Mary L. Dudziak, Desegregation as a Cold War Imperative, 41 Stan. L. Rev. 61 (1988).
159. Derrick Bell, Brown v. Board of Education and the Interest-Convergence Dilemma, 93 Harv. L. Rev. 518 (1980).
160. See, e.g., Derrick Bell, Race, Racism, and American Law (3d. ed. 2001)(landmark statement of this position).
161. See, e.g., Derrick Bell, Faces at the Bottom of the Well: The Permanence of Racism (1992)
162. Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, The Social Construction of Brown v. Board of Education: Law Reform and the Reconstruction Paradox, 36 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 547 (1995).
163. On this "social contact" hypothesis for reducing racism, see, e.g., Richard Delgado, Fairness and Formality: Minimizing the Risk of Prejudice in Alternative Dispute Resolution, 1985 Wis. L. Rev. 1359.
164. E.g., Mari J. Matsuda, Richard Delgado et al., Words That Wound: Critical Race Theory, Assaultive Speech, and the First Amendment (1993)
165. Mari J. Matsuda, Public Response to Racist Speech: Considering the Victim's Story, 87 Mich. L. Rev. 2320 (1989).
166. See, e.g., Alan D. Freeman, Legitimizing Racial Discrimination through Antidiscrimination Law: A Review of Supreme Court Doctrine, 62 Minn. L. Rev. 1049 (1978)
167. Alan D. Freeman, Race and Class: The Dilemma of Liberal Reform, 90 Yale L.J. 1880 (1981).
168. See, e.g., Eldridge Cleaver, Soul on Ice (1969).
169. David Ray Papke, Heretics in the Temple: Americans Who Reject the Nation's Legal Faith 118-28 (1998).
170. Richard Delgado, When Equality Ends: Stories about Race and Resistance 109-26 (1999).
171. Cynthia Kwan Lee, Beyond Black and White, 6 Hastings Women's L.J. (1995).
172. Elizabeth Martinez, Beyond Black/White, 20 Soc. Just. 22 (1993).
173. Vine Deloria, Jr., Custer Died for Your Sins 168-96 (1969).
174. Juan Perea, The Black/White Binary Paradigm of Race: The "Normal Science" of American Racial Thought, 85 Calif. L. Rev. 1213 (1997).
175. See, in addition to the above sources, Richard Delgado, Derrick Bell's Toolkit: Fit to Dismantle That Famous House? 75 N.Y.U. L. Rev. 283 (2000)
176. Richard Delgado, Rodrigo's Fifteenth Chronicle: Racial Mixture, Latino-Critical Scholarship, and the Black-White Binary of Race, 75 Tex. L. Rev. 1181 (1997).
177. Andrew Hacker, Two Nations: Black and White, Separate, Hostile, Unequal (1992).
178. Joe Feagin & Melvin P. Sikes, Living with Racism: The Black Middle- Class Experience (1994).
179. Joel Kovel, White Racism; A Psychohistory (1984).
180. On the differential racialization approach, see generally Juan F. Perea, Richard Delgado, Angela P. Harris, & Stephanie M. Wildman, Race and Races: Cases and Resources for a Diverse America (2000).
181. See generally Mari Matsuda, Voices of America: Accent, Antidiscrimination Law, and a Jurisprudence for the Last Reconstruction, 100 Yale L.J. 1329 (1991).
182. Athena Mutua, Mapping Intellectual/Political Foundations and Future Self Critical Directions, 53 U. Miami L. Rev. 1177, 1187-91 (1999).
183. Angela Harris & Leslie Espinoza, Afterword: Embracing the Tar Baby, 85 Calif. L. Rev. 1585 (1998).
184. Timothy Egan, Win Major Round in Fight over Trust Accounts, N.Y. Times, Feb. 23, 1999, at 15
185. Redeeming a Historic Trust, N.Y. Times, Apr. 30, 2001, at 18.
186. Virginia Groark, First One Casino, Then Two. Now What? N.Y. Times, Sept. 2, 2001, §14, at 1.
187. Stephen Kinzer, Museums and Tribes: A Tricky Truce, N.Y. Times, Dec. 24, 2000, §2, at 1.
188. See Juan Perea, Demography and Distrust: An Essay on American Languages, Cultural Pluralism, and Official English, 77 Minn. L. Rev. 269 (1992).
189. See Charlene Gilbert & Quinn Eli, Homecoming: The Story of African American Farmers (2000).
190. Thomas W. Mitchell, From Reconstruction to Deconstruction: Undermining Black Landownership, Political Independence, and Community through Partition Sales of Tenancies in Common, 95 Nw. U. L. Rev. 505 (2001).
191. Ann Draper & Hall Draper, The Dirt on California: Agribusiness and the University (1968).
192. Samuel P. Berger, Dollar Harvest: The Story of the Farm Bureau (1971).
193. E.g., Jim Hightower, Hard Tomatoes, Hard Times (1973).
194. Boris Bittker, The Case for Black Reparations (1973).
195. Rhonda V. Magee, The Master's Tools, From the Bottom Up: Responses to African-American Reparations Theory in Mainstream and Outsider Remedies Discourse, 79 Va. L. Rev. 863, 888 (1993).
196. Tim Nickens, Rosewood Bill Signed into Law by Governor, Miami Herald, May 5, 1994, at 5B.
197. William Safire, On Language; Stop Me Before I Apologize Again, N.Y. Times, May 5, 1994, § 6, at 32.
198. Robert Westley, Many Billions Gone: Is It Time to Reconsider the Case for Black Reparations? 40 B.C. L. Rev. 429, 453-58 (1998).
199. W. Burlette Carter, True Reparations, 68 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1021, 1022 (2000).
200. Irma Jacqueline Ozer, Reparations for African Americans, 41 How. L.J. 479, 482-92 (1998).
201. Anthony E. Cook, King and the Beloved Community: A Communitarian Defense of Black Reparations, 68 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 959, 972, 977 (2000).
202. Charles Krauthammer, A Grand Compromise, N.Y. Times, Apr. 6, 2001, at A37.
203. John D. Skrentny, Affirmative Action and the New Demographic Realities, Chron. Higher. Educ., Feb. 16, 2001, at 7.