Rapid radiation belt losses occurring during high-speed solar wind stream-driven storms: Importance of energetic electron precipitation

Geophysical Monograph Series

Volumn 199, Issue , 2012, Pages 213-223

  Hendry, Aaron T ^a   Rodger, Craig J ^a   Clilverd, Mark A ^b   Thomson, Neil R ^a   Morley, Steven K ^c   Raita, Tero ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

^b BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

^c LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF OULU   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84899573637     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/2012GM001299     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Clilverd, M. A., T. D. G. Clark, A. J. Smith, and N. R. Thomson (1993), Observation of a decrease in midlatitude whistler-mode signal occurrence prior to geomagnetic storms, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 55, 1479-1485, doi:10.1016/0021-9169(93)90113-D.
2. Clilverd, M. A., et al. (2009), Remote sensing space weather events: Antarctic-Arctic Radiation-belt (Dynamic) Deposition-VLF Atmospheric Research Konsortium network, Space Weather, 7, S04001, doi:10.1029/2008SW000412.
3. Clilverd, M. A., C. J. Rodger, R. J. Gamble, T. Ulich, T. Raita, A. Seppälä, J. C. Green, N. R. Thomson, J.-A. Sauvaud, and M. Parrot (2010), Ground-based estimates of outer radiation belt energetic electron precipitation fluxes into the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A12304, doi:10.1029/2010JA015638.
4. Evans, D. S., and M. S. Greer (2004), Polar orbiting environmental satellite space environment monitor -2: Instrument descriptions and archive data documentation, NOAA Tech. Memo. OAR SEC-93, version 1.4, Space Environ. Lab., Boulder, Colo.
5. Green, J. C., T. G. Onsager, T. P. O'Brien, and D. N. Baker (2004), Testing loss mechanisms capable of rapidly depleting relativistic electron flux in the Earth's outer radiation belt, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A12211, doi:10.1029/2004JA010579.
6. Hess, W. N. (1968), The Radiation Belt and Magnetosphere, Blaisdell, London, U. K.
7. Lam, M. M., R. B. Horne, N. P. Meredith, S. A. Glauert, T. Moffat-Griffin, and J. C. Green (2010), Origin of energetic electron precipitation >30 keV into the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00F08, doi:10.1029/2009JA014619.
8. Loewe, C. A., and G. W. Prölss (1997), Classification and mean behavior of magnetic storms, J. Geophys. Res., 102(A7), 14,209-14,213, doi:10.1029/96JA04020.
9. Meredith, N. P., R. B. Horne, M. M. Lam, M. H. Denton, J. E. Borovsky, and J. C. Green (2011), Energetic electron precipitation during high-speed solar wind stream driven storms, J. Geophys. Res., 116, A05223, doi:10.1029/ 2010JA016293.
10. Miyoshi, Y., and R. Kataoka (2008), Flux enhancement of the outer radiation belt electrons after the arrival of stream interaction regions, J. Geophys. Res., 113, A03S09, doi:10.1029/2007JA 012506.
11. Morley, S. K., R. H. W. Friedel, T. E. Cayton, and E. Noveroske (2010a), A rapid, global and prolonged electron radiation belt dropout observed with the Global Positioning System constellation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L06102, doi:10.1029/2010GL 042772.
12. Morley, S. K., R. H.W. Friedel, E. L. Spanswick, G. D. Reeves, J. T. Steinberg, J. Koller, T. Cayton, and E. Noveroske (2010b), Dropouts of the outer electron radiation belt in response to solar wind stream interfaces: Global positioning system observations, Proc. R. Soc. A, 466(2123), 3329-3350, doi:10.1098/rspa.2010.0078.
13. Newnham, D. A., P. J. Espy,M. A. Clilverd, C. J. Rodger, A. Seppälä, D. J. Maxfield, P. Hartogh, K. Holmén, and R. B. Horne (2011), Direct observations of nitric oxide produced by energetic electron precipitation into the Antarctic middle atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L20104, doi:10.1029/2011GL048666.
14. O'Brien, T. P., R. L. McPherron, D. Sornette, G. D. Reeves, R. Friedel, and H. J. Singer (2001), Which magnetic storms produce relativistic electrons at geosynchronous orbit?, J. Geophys. Res., 106(A8), 15,533-15,544.
15. Reeves, G. D., K. L. McAdams, R. H.W. Friedel, and T. P. O'Brien (2003), Acceleration and loss of relativistic electrons during geomagnetic storms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(10), 1529, doi:10. 1029/2002GL016513.
16. Rodger, C. J., M. A. Clilverd, N. R. Thomson, R. J. Gamble, A. Seppälä, E. Turunen, N. P. Meredith, M. Parrot, J.-A. Sauvaud, and J.-J. Berthelier (2007), Radiation belt electron precipitation into the atmosphere: Recovery from a geomagnetic storm, J. Geophys. Res., 112, A11307, doi:10.1029/2007JA012383.
17. Rodger, C. J., M. A. Clilverd, J. C. Green, and M. M. Lam (2010a), Use of POES SEM-2 observations to examine radiation belt dynamics and energetic electron precipitation into the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A04202, doi:10.1029/2008JA 014023.
18. Rodger, C. J., B. R. Carson, S. A. Cummer, R. J. Gamble, M. A. Clilverd, J. C. Green, J.-A. Sauvaud, M. Parrot, and J.-J. Berthelier (2010b), Contrasting the efficiency of radiation belt losses caused by ducted and nonducted whistler-mode waves from ground-based transmitters, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A12208, doi:10.1029/2010JA015880.
19. Rodger, C. J., M. A. Clilverd, A. J. Kavanagh, C. E. J. Watt, P. T. Verronen, and T. Raita (2012), Contrasting the responses of three different ground-based instruments to energetic electron precipitation, Radio Sci., 47, RS2021, doi:10.1029/2011RS004971.
20. Roederer, J. G. (1970), Dynamics of Geomagnetically Trapped Radiation, Springer, New York.
21. Sandanger, M., F. Søraas, K. Aarsnes, K. Oksavik, and D. S. Evans (2007), Loss of relativistic electrons: Evidence for pitch angle scattering by electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves excited by unstable ring current protons, J. Geophys. Res., 112, A12213, doi:10.1029/2006JA012138.
22. Seppälä, A., C. E. Randall, M. A. Clilverd, E. Rozanov, and C. J. Rodger (2009), Geomagnetic activity and polar surface air temperature variability, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A10312, doi:10.1029/ 2008JA014029.
23. Thomson, N. R., C. J. Rodger, and M. A. Clilverd (2011), Daytime D region parameters from long-path VLF phase and amplitude, J. Geophys. Res., 116, A11305, doi:10.1029/2011JA016910.
24. Thorne, R. M. (2010), Radiation belt dynamics: The importance of wave-particle interactions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L22107, doi:10.1029/2010GL044990.
25. Turner, D. L., S. K. Morley, Y. Miyoshi, B. Ni, and C.-L. Huang (2012), Outer radiation belt flux dropouts: Current understanding and unresolved questions, in Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., doi:10. 1029/2012GM001310, this volume.
26. Turunen, E., P. T. Verronen, A. Seppälä, C. J. Rodger, M. A. Clilverd, J. Tamminen, C. F. Enell, and T. Ulich (2009), Impact of different energies of precipitating particles on NOx generation in the middle and upper atmosphere during geomagnetic storms, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 71, 1176-1189, doi:10.1016/j.jastp. 2008.07.005.
27. Vampola, A. L. (1996), Outer zone energetic electron environment update, P.O. #151351, Eur. Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
28. Van Allen, J. A., and L. A. Frank (1959), Radiation measurements to 658,300 kilometers with Pioneer IV, Nature, 184, 219-224.
29. Yando, K., R. M. Millan, J. C. Green, and D. S. Evans (2011), A Monte Carlo simulation of the NOAA POES Medium Energy Proton and Electron Detector instrument, J. Geophys. Res., 116, A10231, doi:10.1029/2011JA016671.