메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 3-28

Pregnancy as a Tissue Culture Experience: The Critical Implications of Maternal Metabolism for Fetal Development

Author keywords

Fetal development; Late gestation; Maternal metabolism; Pregnancy; Tissue culture experience

Indexed keywords


EID: 84899541790     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470720462.ch2     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (27)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 0015861475 scopus 로고
    • Effects of glucose on insulin biosynthesis in fetal and newborn rats
    • ASPLUND, K. (1973) Effects of glucose on insulin biosynthesis in fetal and newborn rats. Horm. Metab. Res. 5, 410-415
    • (1973) Horm. Metab. Res. , vol.5 , pp. 410-415
    • Asplund, K.1
  • 2
    • 0018096061 scopus 로고
    • Phosphate metabolism and glucose-initiated efflux of phosphate ions in islets of fetal pancreas
    • ASPLUND, K. & FREINKEL. N. (1978) Phosphate metabolism and glucose-initiated efflux of phosphate ions in islets of fetal pancreas. Diabetes 27, 611-619
    • (1978) Diabetes , vol.27 , pp. 611-619
    • Asplund, K.1    Freinkel, N.2
  • 3
    • 0018242653 scopus 로고
    • Principal substrates of fetal metabolism
    • BATTAGLIA, F. C. & MESCHIA, G. (1978) Principal substrates of fetal metabolism. Physiol. Rev. 58, 499-527
    • (1978) Physiol. Rev. , vol.58 , pp. 499-527
    • Battaglia, F.C.1    Meschia, G.2
  • 5
    • 84981800376 scopus 로고
    • The infants of diabetic mothers: a morphological study
    • CARDELL, B. S. (1953) The infants of diabetic mothers: a morphological study. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Commonw. 60, 834-853
    • (1953) J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Commonw. , vol.60 , pp. 834-853
    • Cardell, B.S.1
  • 6
    • 84855565248 scopus 로고
    • Muscle cell growth in normal children, in Human Growth, Body Composition, Cell Growth, Energy, and Intelligence (Cheek, D. B., ed.), Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia
    • CHEEK, D. B. (1968) Muscle cell growth in normal children, in Human Growth, Body Composition, Cell Growth, Energy, and Intelligence (Cheek, D. B., ed.), pp. 337-351, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia
    • (1968) , pp. 337-351
    • Cheek, D.B.1
  • 7
    • 84956637368 scopus 로고
    • Intelligence of children whose mothers had acetonuria during pregnancy, in Perinatal Factors Affecting Human Development (Sei. Pub. 185), Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D. C
    • CHURCHILL, J. A. & BERENDES, H. W. (1969) Intelligence of children whose mothers had acetonuria during pregnancy, in Perinatal Factors Affecting Human Development (Sei. Pub. 185), p. 30, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D. C
    • (1969) , pp. 30
    • Churchill, J.A.1    Berendes, H.W.2
  • 8
    • 0014679084 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological deficits in children of diabetic mothers: a report from the collaborative study of cerebral palsy
    • CHURCHILL, J. A., BERENDES, H. W. & NEMORE, J. (1969) Neuropsychological deficits in children of diabetic mothers: a report from the collaborative study of cerebral palsy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 105, 257-268
    • (1969) Am. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. , vol.105 , pp. 257-268
    • Churchill, J.A.1    Berendes, H.W.2    Nemore, J.3
  • 9
    • 84956648530 scopus 로고
    • Disorders of'Carbohydrate Metabolism in Infancy, 2nd edn., Saunders, Philadelphia
    • CORNBLATH, M. & SCHWARTZ, R. (1976) Disorders of'Carbohydrate Metabolism in Infancy, 2nd edn., pp. 29-71, Saunders, Philadelphia
    • (1976) , pp. 29-71
    • Cornblath, M.1    Schwartz, R.2
  • 10
    • 0016262358 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. XI. Response of plasma glucagon to overnight fast and oral glucose during normal pregnancy and in gestational diabetes
    • DANIEL, R. R., METZGER, B. E., FREINKEL, N., FALOONA, G., UNGER, R. H. & NITZAN, M. (1974) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. XI. Response of plasma glucagon to overnight fast and oral glucose during normal pregnancy and in gestational diabetes. Diabetes 23, 771-776
    • (1974) Diabetes , vol.23 , pp. 771-776
    • Daniel, R.R.1    Metzger, B.E.2    Freinkel, N.3    Faloona, G.4    Unger, R.H.5    Nitzan, M.6
  • 11
    • 84956675292 scopus 로고
    • Foetal and Neonatal Physiology, Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago
    • DAWES, G. S. (1968) Foetal and Neonatal Physiology, pp. 210-222, Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago
    • (1968) , pp. 210-222
    • Dawes, G.S.1
  • 13
    • 84931785512 scopus 로고
    • Islets de Langerhans glands chez un nouveau-né issu de mère glycosurique
    • DUBREUIL, G. & ANDERODIAS, J. (1920) Islets de Langerhans glands chez un nouveau-né issu de mère glycosurique. C. R. Soc. Biol. 83, 1490-1493
    • (1920) C. R. Soc. Biol. , vol.83 , pp. 1490-1493
    • Dubreuil, G.1    Anderodias, J.2
  • 14
    • 0006385820 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of islet cell secretion by nutrients and by gastrointestinal hormones released during digestion, in Handb. Physiol. Sect. 7: Endocrinology, Endocrine Pancreas (Steiner, D. & Freinkel, N., eds.) Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • FAJANS, S. S. & FLOYD, J. C JR. (1972) Stimulation of islet cell secretion by nutrients and by gastrointestinal hormones released during digestion, in Handb. Physiol. Sect. 7: Endocrinology, vol. 1: Endocrine Pancreas (Steiner, D. & Freinkel, N., eds.) pp. 473-493, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • (1972) , vol.1972 , pp. 473-493
    • Fajans, S.S.1    Floyd, Jr.J.C.2
  • 15
    • 0015343090 scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism, plasma insulin and growth hormone secretion in newborn infants with erythroblastosis fetalis compared with normal newborns and those born to diabetic mothers
    • FALORNI, A., FRACASSINI, F., MASSI-BENEDETTI, F. & AMICI, A. (1972) Glucose metabolism, plasma insulin and growth hormone secretion in newborn infants with erythroblastosis fetalis compared with normal newborns and those born to diabetic mothers. Pediatrics 49, 682-693
    • (1972) Pediatrics , vol.49 , pp. 682-693
    • Falorni, A.1    Fracassini, F.2    Massi-Benedetti, F.3    Amici, A.4
  • 16
    • 0000045504 scopus 로고
    • Body composition of infants of diabetic mothers by direct analysis
    • FEE, B. A. & WEIL, W. B. JR. (1963) Body composition of infants of diabetic mothers by direct analysis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. 110, 869-897
    • (1963) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. , vol.110 , pp. 869-897
    • Fee, B.A.1    Weil, Jr.W.B.2
  • 17
    • 0142205969 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the conceptus on maternal metabolism during pregnancy, in On the Nature and Treatment of Diabetes (Leibel, B. S. & Wrenshall, G. A., eds.) (Int. Congr. Ser. 84), Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam
    • FREINKEL, N. (1965) Effects of the conceptus on maternal metabolism during pregnancy, in On the Nature and Treatment of Diabetes (Leibel, B. S. & Wrenshall, G. A., eds.) (Int. Congr. Ser. 84), pp. 679-691, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam
    • (1965) , pp. 679-691
    • Freinkel, N.1
  • 18
    • 0017889884 scopus 로고
    • The role of nutrition in medicine: recent developments in fuel metabolism./
    • FREINKEL, N. (1978) The role of nutrition in medicine: recent developments in fuel metabolism./. Am. Med. Assoc. 239, 1868-1872
    • (1978) Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.239 , pp. 1868-1872
    • Freinkel, N.1
  • 20
    • 0346112241 scopus 로고
    • Some considerations of fuel economy in the fed state during late human pregnancy, in Early Diabetes in Early Life (Camerini-Davalos, R. A. & Cole, H.S., eds.), Academic Press, New York
    • FREINKEL, N. & METZGER, B. E. (1975) Some considerations of fuel economy in the fed state during late human pregnancy, in Early Diabetes in Early Life (Camerini-Davalos, R. A. & Cole, H.S., eds.), pp. 289-301, Academic Press, New York
    • (1975) , pp. 289-301
    • Freinkel, N.1    Metzger, B.E.2
  • 21
    • 0011812881 scopus 로고
    • Facilitated anabolism in late pregnancy: some novel maternal compensations for accelerated starvation, in Proc. 8th Congr. Diabetes Fed. (Malaise, W.J. & Pirart, J., eds.) (Int. Congr. Ser. 312), Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam
    • FREINKEL, N., METZGER, B.E., NITZAN, M., DANIEL, R., SURMACZYNSKA, B. & NAGEL, T. (1974) Facilitated anabolism in late pregnancy: some novel maternal compensations for accelerated starvation, in Proc. 8th Congr. Diabetes Fed. (Malaise, W.J. & Pirart, J., eds.) (Int. Congr. Ser. 312), pp. 474-488, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam
    • (1974) , pp. 474-488
    • Freinkel, N.1    Metzger, B.E.2    Nitzan, M.3    Daniel, R.4    Surmaczynska, B.5    Nagel, T.6
  • 22
    • 84956688468 scopus 로고
    • Intermediary metabolism during normal pregnancy, in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Newborn (Sutherland, H. W. & Stowers, J. M., eds.) (2nd Aberdeen Int. Colloq.), Springer, Berlin
    • FREINKEL, N., PHELPS, R. L. & METZGER, B.E. (1979) Intermediary metabolism during normal pregnancy, in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Newborn (Sutherland, H. W. & Stowers, J. M., eds.) (2nd Aberdeen Int. Colloq.), Springer, Berlin
    • (1979)
    • Freinkel, N.1    Phelps, R.L.2    Metzger, B.E.3
  • 23
    • 0016710099 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. Part I. Diurnal plasma glucose profile in normal and diabetic women
    • GILLMER, M.D.G., BEARD, R. W., BROOKE, F.M. & OAKLEY, N. W. (1975a) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. Part I. Diurnal plasma glucose profile in normal and diabetic women. Br. Med. J. 3, 399-402
    • (1975) Br. Med. J. , vol.3 , pp. 399-402
    • Gillmer, M.D.G.1    Beard, R.W.2    Brooke, F.M.3    Oakley, N.W.4
  • 25
    • 0015900141 scopus 로고
    • Fuels, hormones, and liver metabolism at term and during the early postnatal period in the rat
    • GIRARD, J. R., CUENDET, G. S., MARLISS, E. B., KERVRAN, A., RIEUTORT, M & ASSAN, R. (1973) Fuels, hormones, and liver metabolism at term and during the early postnatal period in the rat. J. Clin. Invest. 52, 3190-3200
    • (1973) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.52 , pp. 3190-3200
    • Girard, J.R.1    Cuendet, G.S.2    Marliss, E.B.3    Kervran, A.4    Rieutort, M.5    Assan, R.6
  • 27
    • 0017055805 scopus 로고
    • Somatomedin in cord blood: relationship to gestational age and birth size
    • GLUCKMAN, P. D. & BRINSMEAD, M. W. (1976) Somatomedin in cord blood: relationship to gestational age and birth size. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 43, 1378-1381
    • (1976) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.43 , pp. 1378-1381
    • Gluckman, P.D.1    Brinsmead, M.W.2
  • 28
    • 2642706276 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. IV. Studies on the permeability of the rat placenta to I131 insulin
    • GOODNER, C. J. & FREINKEL, N. (1961) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. IV. Studies on the permeability of the rat placenta to I131 insulin. Diabetes 10, 383-392
    • (1961) Diabetes , vol.10 , pp. 383-392
    • Goodner, C.J.1    Freinkel, N.2
  • 29
    • 0014152729 scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism in the fetus in utero: the effect of maternal fasting and glucose loading in the rat
    • GOODNER, C. J. & THOMPSON, D. J. (1967) Glucose metabolism in the fetus in utero: the effect of maternal fasting and glucose loading in the rat. Pediatr. Res. 1, 443-451
    • (1967) Pediatr. Res. , vol.1 , pp. 443-451
    • Goodner, C.J.1    Thompson, D.J.2
  • 30
    • 0014015917 scopus 로고
    • Growth of the human fetus II. Abnormal growth in twins and infants of mothers with diabetes, hypertension, or isoimmunization
    • GRUENWALD, P. (1966) Growth of the human fetus. II. Abnormal growth in twins and infants of mothers with diabetes, hypertension, or isoimmunization. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 94, 1120-1132
    • (1966) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.94 , pp. 1120-1132
    • Gruenwald, P.1
  • 31
    • 0015212672 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal-muscle regeneration
    • HAY, E. D. (1971) Skeletal-muscle regeneration. N. Engl. J. Med. 284, 1033-1034
    • (1971) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.284 , pp. 1033-1034
    • Hay, E.D.1
  • 32
    • 0016837711 scopus 로고
    • Insulin biosynthesis in isolated pancreatic islets of fetal and newborn rats
    • HEINZE, E., SCHATZ, H., NICOLE, C. & PFEIFFER, E. F. (1975) Insulin biosynthesis in isolated pancreatic islets of fetal and newborn rats. Diabetes 24, 373-377
    • (1975) Diabetes , vol.24 , pp. 373-377
    • Heinze, E.1    Schatz, H.2    Nicole, C.3    Pfeiffer, E.F.4
  • 33
    • 84956608284 scopus 로고
    • Maturation of insulin release and phosphate metabolism in fetal rat islets maintained in tissue culture. Diabetes
    • HELLERSTROM, C., LEWIS, N.J., JOHNSON, R. & FREINKEL, N. (1978) Maturation of insulin release and phosphate metabolism in fetal rat islets maintained in tissue culture. Diabetes 27 (Suppl. 2), 456 (abstr.)
    • (1978) , vol.2-27 , pp. 456
    • Hellerstrom, C.1    Lewis, N.J.2    Johnson, R.3    Freinkel, N.4
  • 34
    • 0016782556 scopus 로고
    • Metabolites in the liver, brain and placenta of fed or fasted mothers and fetal rats
    • HERRERA, E. & FREINKEL, N. (1975) Metabolites in the liver, brain and placenta of fed or fasted mothers and fetal rats. Horm. Metab. Res. 7, 247-249
    • (1975) Horm. Metab. Res. , vol.7 , pp. 247-249
    • Herrera, E.1    Freinkel, N.2
  • 35
    • 0014821448 scopus 로고
    • Cellularity of obese and nonobese human adipose tissue
    • HIRSCH, J. & KNITTLE, J. L. (1970) Cellularity of obese and nonobese human adipose tissue. Fed. Proc. 29, 1516-1521
    • (1970) Fed. Proc. , vol.29 , pp. 1516-1521
    • Hirsch, J.1    Knittle, J.L.2
  • 36
    • 0014287796 scopus 로고
    • Glucose tolerance and plasma insulin in newborn infants of normal and diabetic mothers
    • ISLES, T. E., DICKSON, M. & FAROUHAR, J. W. (1968) Glucose tolerance and plasma insulin in newborn infants of normal and diabetic mothers. Pediatr. Res. 2, 198-208
    • (1968) Pediatr. Res. , vol.2 , pp. 198-208
    • Isles, T.E.1    Dickson, M.2    Farouhar, J.W.3
  • 37
    • 0014905135 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal control of fetal development and metabolism, in Advances in Metabolic Disorders, vol. 4 (Levine, R. & Luft, R., eds.), Academic Press, New York
    • JOST, A.& PICON, L. (1970) Hormonal control of fetal development and metabolism, in Advances in Metabolic Disorders, vol. 4 (Levine, R. & Luft, R., eds.), pp. 123-184, Academic Press, New York
    • (1970) , pp. 123-184
    • Jost, A.1    Picon, L.2
  • 38
    • 0017091497 scopus 로고
    • Time course of a glucose-induced increase in plasma insulin in the rat foetus m utero
    • KERVRAN, A. & GIRARD, J.R. (1976) Time course of a glucose-induced increase in plasma insulin in the rat foetus m utero. J. Endocrinol. 70, 519-520
    • (1976) J. Endocrinol. , vol.70 , pp. 519-520
    • Kervran, A.1    Girard, J.R.2
  • 39
    • 0014333337 scopus 로고
    • Effect of early nutrition on the development of rat epididymal fat pads. Cellularity and metabolism
    • KNITTLE, J. L. & HIRSCH, J. (1968) Effect of early nutrition on the development of rat epididymal fat pads. Cellularity and metabolism. J. Clin. Invest. 47, 2091-2098
    • (1968) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.47 , pp. 2091-2098
    • Knittle, J.L.1    Hirsch, J.2
  • 40
    • 0012643994 scopus 로고
    • Placental transfer of free fatty acids in the pregnant rat
    • KOREN, Z. & SHAFRIR, E. (1964) Placental transfer of free fatty acids in the pregnant rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 117, 411-414
    • (1964) Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. , vol.117 , pp. 411-414
    • Koren, Z.1    Shafrir, E.2
  • 41
    • 0017187266 scopus 로고
    • Serum proinsulin in normal and gestational diabetic pregnancy
    • KüHL, C. (1976) Serum proinsulin in normal and gestational diabetic pregnancy. Diabetologia 12, 295-300
    • (1976) Diabetologia , vol.12 , pp. 295-300
    • Kühl, C.1
  • 42
    • 0017284652 scopus 로고
    • Plasma glucagon and the insulin: glucagon ratio in gestational diabetes
    • KüHL, C. & HOLST, J.J. (1976) Plasma glucagon and the insulin: glucagon ratio in gestational diabetes. Diabetes 25, 16-23
    • (1976) Diabetes , vol.25 , pp. 16-23
    • Kühl, C.1    Holst, J.J.2
  • 43
    • 0017155077 scopus 로고
    • Circadian variation of serum glucose, C-peptide immunoreactivity and free insulin in normal and insulin-treated diabetic pregnant subjects
    • LEWIS, S.B., WALLIN, J.D., KUZUYA, H., MURRAY, W.K., COUSTAN, D.R., DAANE, T.A. & RUBENSTEIN, A.H. (1976) Circadian variation of serum glucose, C-peptide immunoreactivity and free insulin in normal and insulin-treated diabetic pregnant subjects. Diabetologia 12, 343-350
    • (1976) Diabetologia , vol.12 , pp. 343-350
    • Lewis, S.B.1    Wallin, J.D.2    Kuzuya, H.3    Murray, W.K.4    Coustan, D.R.5    Daane, T.A.6    Rubenstein, A.H.7
  • 44
    • 0002604577 scopus 로고
    • Islet cell regeneration and neogenesis, in Handb. Physiol. Sect. 7: Endocrinology, vol. 1: Endocrine Pancreas (Steiner, D. & Freinkel, N., eds.), Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • LOGOTHETOPOULOS, J. (1972) Islet cell regeneration and neogenesis, in Handb. Physiol. Sect. 7: Endocrinology, vol. 1: Endocrine Pancreas (Steiner, D. & Freinkel, N., eds.), pp. 67-76, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • (1972) , pp. 67-76
    • Logothetopoulos, J.1
  • 45
    • 0013890096 scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine growth in length and head circumference as estimated from live births at gestational ages from 26 to 42 weeks
    • LUBCHENCO, L. O., HANSMAN, C. & BOYD, E. (1966) Intrauterine growth in length and head circumference as estimated from live births at gestational ages from 26 to 42 weeks. Pediatrics 37, 403-408
    • (1966) Pediatrics , vol.37 , pp. 403-408
    • Lubchenco, L.O.1    Hansman, C.2    Boyd, E.3
  • 46
    • 0016709518 scopus 로고
    • Plasma glucagon levels in normal women during pregnancy
    • LUYCKX, A.S., GERARD, J., GASPARD, U. & LEFEBVRE, P. J. (1975) Plasma glucagon levels in normal women during pregnancy. Diabetologie! 11, 549-554
    • (1975) Diabetologie! , vol.11 , pp. 549-554
    • Luyckx, A.S.1    Gerard, J.2    Gaspard, U.3    Lefebvre, P.J.4
  • 47
    • 84956636787 scopus 로고
    • The beta cell in gestational diabetes: victim or culprit? Clin
    • METZGER, B. E., NITZAN, M., PHELPS, R.L. & FREINKEL, N. (1975) The beta cell in gestational diabetes: victim or culprit? Clin. Res. 23, 445A
    • (1975) Res. , vol.23 , pp. 445A
    • Metzger, B.E.1    Nitzan, M.2    Phelps, R.L.3    Freinkel, N.4
  • 48
    • 84901956053 scopus 로고
    • Reactivity of the fetal islet, in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Newborn (Sutherland, H.W. & Stowers, J.M., eds.), Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
    • MILNER, R. D. G., LEACH, F. N. & JACK, P.M.B. (1975) Reactivity of the fetal islet, in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Newborn (Sutherland, H.W. & Stowers, J.M., eds.), pp. 83-104, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
    • (1975) , pp. 83-104
    • Milner, R.D.G.1    Leach, F.N.2    Jack, P.M.B.3
  • 49
    • 0015392415 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in newborn infants of diabetic mothers. III. Plasma insulin during intravenous glucose tolerance test
    • MOLSIED-PEDERSEN, L. & JORGENSEN, K. R. (1972) Aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in newborn infants of diabetic mothers. III. Plasma insulin during intravenous glucose tolerance test. Acta Endocrinol. 71, 115-125
    • (1972) Acta Endocrinol. , vol.71 , pp. 115-125
    • Molsied-Pedersen, L.1    Jorgensen, K.R.2
  • 50
    • 0000973444 scopus 로고
    • Infants of diabetic mothers: a quantitative morphologic study
    • NAEYE, R. L. (1965) Infants of diabetic mothers: a quantitative morphologic study. Pediatrics 35, 980-988
    • (1965) Pediatrics , vol.35 , pp. 980-988
    • Naeye, R.L.1
  • 51
    • 0016731346 scopus 로고
    • The interrelations of glucose, insulin and glucagon after overnight fast and in response to oral glucose during late pregnancy
    • NITZAN, M FREINKEL, N., METZGER, B. E., UNGER, R. H., FALOONA, G. R. & DANIEL, R. R. (1975) The interrelations of glucose, insulin and glucagon after overnight fast and in response to oral glucose during late pregnancy. Isr. J. Med. Sei. 11, 617-622
    • (1975) Isr. J. Med. Sei. , vol.11 , pp. 617-622
    • Nitzan, M.1    Freinkel, N.2    Metzger, B.E.3    Unger, R.H.4    Faloona, G.R.5    Daniel, R.R.6
  • 52
    • 0003076039 scopus 로고
    • Effects of protein-calorie malnutrition on biochemical aspects of brain development, in Nutrition and the Brain, (Wurtman, R.J. & Wurtman, J. J., eds.), Raven Press, New York
    • NOWAK, T. S. J. R.& MUNRO, H. N. (1977) Effects of protein-calorie malnutrition on biochemical aspects of brain development, in Nutrition and the Brain, vol. 2 (Wurtman, R.J. & Wurtman, J. J., eds.), pp. 193-260, Raven Press, New York
    • (1977) , vol.2 , pp. 193-260
    • Nowak, T.S.J.R.1    Munro, H.N.2
  • 53
    • 0000866310 scopus 로고
    • Criteria for the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy
    • O'SULLIVAN, J. B. & MAHAN, C.M. (1964) Criteria for the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy. Diabetes 13, 278-285
    • (1964) Diabetes , vol.13 , pp. 278-285
    • O'sullivan, J.B.1    Mahan, C.M.2
  • 55
    • 84956671188 scopus 로고
    • The Pregnant Diabetic and Her Newborn, 2nd edn., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • PEDERSEN, J. (1977a) The Pregnant Diabetic and Her Newborn, 2nd edn., pp. 106-122, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • (1977) , pp. 106-122
    • Pedersen, J.1
  • 56
    • 84956617868 scopus 로고
    • The Pregnant Diabetic and Her Newborn, 2nd edn., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • PEDERSEN, J. {1911b) The Pregnant Diabetic and Her Newborn, 2nd edn., pp. 211-220, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • (1911) , pp. 211-220
    • Pedersen, J.1
  • 57
    • 84956679887 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of metabolic control in diabetic pregnancy, in Size at Birth (Ciba Found. Symp. 27), Elsevier/Excerpta Medica/North-Holland, Amsterdam
    • PERSSON, B. (1974) Assessment of metabolic control in diabetic pregnancy, in Size at Birth (Ciba Found. Symp. 27), pp. 247-273, Elsevier/Excerpta Medica/North-Holland, Amsterdam
    • (1974) , pp. 247-273
    • Persson, B.1
  • 58
    • 0016785773 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic control in diabetic pregnancy: variations in plasma concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids, glycerol, ketone bodies, insulin, and human chorionic somatomammotropin during the last trimester
    • PERSSON, B. & LUNELL, N.O. (1975) Metabolic control in diabetic pregnancy: variations in plasma concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids, glycerol, ketone bodies, insulin, and human chorionic somatomammotropin during the last trimester. Am. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 122, 737-745
    • (1975) Am. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. , vol.122 , pp. 737-745
    • Persson, B.1    Lunell, N.O.2
  • 59
    • 0016677965 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. XIII. Relationships between plasma insulin and proinsulin during late pregnancy in normal and diabetic subjects
    • PHELPS, R. L., BERGENSTAL, R., FREINKEL, N., RUBENSTEIN, A.H., METZGER, B. E. & MAKO, M. (1975) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. XIII. Relationships between plasma insulin and proinsulin during late pregnancy in normal and diabetic subjects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 41, 1085-1091
    • (1975) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.41 , pp. 1085-1091
    • Phelps, R.L.1    Bergenstal, R.2    Freinkel, N.3    Rubenstein, A.H.4    Metzger, B.E.5    Mako, M.6
  • 60
    • 0017817111 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. XV. Plasma C-peptide during intravenous glucose tolerance in neonates from normal and insulin-treated diabetic mothers
    • PHELPS, R. L., FREINKEL, N., RUBENSTEIN, A. H., KUSUYA, H., METZGER, B. E., BOEHM, J. J. & MOLSTED-PEDERSEN, L. (1978) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. XV. Plasma C-peptide during intravenous glucose tolerance in neonates from normal and insulin-treated diabetic mothers. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 46, 61-68
    • (1978) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.46 , pp. 61-68
    • Phelps, R.L.1    Freinkel, N.2    Rubenstein, A.H.3    Kusuya, H.4    Metzger, B.E.5    Boehm, J.J.6    Molsted-Pedersen, L.7
  • 61
    • 0018191491 scopus 로고
    • Somatomedin and nutrition. IV. Regulation of somatomedin activity and growth cartilage activity by quantity and composition of diet in rats
    • PHILLIPS, L. S., ORAWSKI, A. T. & BELOSKY, D. C. (1978) Somatomedin and nutrition. IV. Regulation of somatomedin activity and growth cartilage activity by quantity and composition of diet in rats. Endocrinology 103, 121-127
    • (1978) Endocrinology , vol.103 , pp. 121-127
    • Phillips, L.S.1    Orawski, A.T.2    Belosky, D.C.3
  • 62
    • 0017305263 scopus 로고
    • Obesity in young men after famine exposure in utero and early infancy
    • RAVELLI, G-P., STEIN, Z. A. & SüSSER, M. W. (1976) Obesity in young men after famine exposure in utero and early infancy. N. Engl. J. Med. 295, 349-353
    • (1976) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.295 , pp. 349-353
    • Ravelli, G.-P.1    Stein, Z.A.2    Süsser, M.W.3
  • 64
    • 0016230282 scopus 로고
    • The effect of caloric deprivation upon thyroid function in the neonatal rat
    • SHAMBAUGH, G. E. Ill & WILBER, J. F. (1974) The effect of caloric deprivation upon thyroid function in the neonatal rat. Endocrinology 94, 1145-1149
    • (1974) Endocrinology , vol.94 , pp. 1145-1149
    • Shambaugh, G.E.1    Wilber, J.F.2
  • 65
    • 0017723145 scopus 로고
    • Fetal fuels. I. Utilization of ketones by isolated tissues at various stages of maturation and maternal nutrition during late gestation
    • SHAMBAUGH, G. E. Ill, MROZAK, S. C. & FREINKEL, N. (1977a) Fetal fuels. I. Utilization of ketones by isolated tissues at various stages of maturation and maternal nutrition during late gestation. Metabolism 26, 623-636
    • (1977) Metabolism , vol.26 , pp. 623-636
    • Shambaugh, G.E.1    Mrozak, S.C.2    Freinkel, N.3
  • 66
    • 0017678456 scopus 로고
    • Fetal fuels. II. Contributions of selected carbon fuels to oxidative metabolism in the rat conceptus
    • SHAMBAUGH, G. E. Ill, KOEHLER, R. A. & FREINKEL. N. (1977b) Fetal fuels. II. Contributions of selected carbon fuels to oxidative metabolism in the rat conceptus. Am. J. Physiol. 233, E457-E461
    • (1977) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.233 , pp. E457-E461
    • Shambaugh, G.E.1    Koehler, R.A.2    Freinkel, N.3
  • 67
    • 0017618932 scopus 로고
    • Outcome at ages 1, 3, and 5 years of children born to diabetic women
    • STEHBENS, J. A., BAKER, G. L. & KITCHEI.L, M. (1977) Outcome at ages 1, 3, and 5 years of children born to diabetic women. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 127, 408-413
    • (1977) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.127 , pp. 408-413
    • Stehbens, J.A.1    Baker, G.L.2    Kitchei, L.M.3
  • 68
    • 0015514343 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and mental performance: prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine of 1944-1945 seems not relatedto mental performance at age 19
    • STEIN, Z., SüSSER, M., SAENGER, G. & MAROLLA, F. (1972) Nutrition and mental performance: prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine of 1944-1945 seems not relatedto mental performance at age 19. Science (Wash. D.C.) 178, 708-713
    • (1972) Science (Wash. D.C.) , vol.178 , pp. 708-713
    • Stein, Z.1    Süsser, M.2    Saenger, G.3    Marolla, F.4
  • 69
    • 0017763018 scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptors in the newborn: increase in receptor affinity and number
    • THORSSON, A.V. & HINTZ, R. L. (1977) Insulin receptors in the newborn: increase in receptor affinity and number. N. Engl. J. Med. 297, 908-912
    • (1977) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.297 , pp. 908-912
    • Thorsson, A.V.1    Hintz, R.L.2
  • 70
    • 0000315658 scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy complicating diabetes
    • WHITE, P. (1949) Pregnancy complicating diabetes. Am. J. Med. 7, 609-616
    • (1949) Am. J. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 609-616
    • White, P.1
  • 71
    • 84956685394 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and cellular growth of the brain, in The Year in Metabolism 1978 (Freinkel, N., ed.), Plenum Press, New York
    • WINNICK, M. & MORGAN, B. L. G. (1979) Nutrition and cellular growth of the brain, in The Year in Metabolism 1978 (Freinkel, N., ed.), Plenum Press, New York
    • (1979)
    • Winnick, M.1    Morgan, B.L.G.2
  • 72
    • 0015809150 scopus 로고
    • Placental transfer and fetal uptake of amino acids in the pregnant ewe
    • YOUNG, M. & MCFADYEN, I.R. (1973) Placental transfer and fetal uptake of amino acids in the pregnant ewe. J. Perinat. Med. 1, 174-182
    • (1973) J. Perinat. Med. , vol.1 , pp. 174-182
    • Young, M.1    Mcfadyen, I.R.2
  • 73
    • 0003125856 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid synthesis in vivo in maternal and fetal tissues in the rat
    • FAIN, J. N. & Scow, R. O. (1966) Fatty acid synthesis in vivo in maternal and fetal tissues in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 210, 19-25
    • (1966) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.210 , pp. 19-25
    • Fain, J.N.1    Scow, R.O.2
  • 74
    • 0017133403 scopus 로고
    • Fasting hypoglycemia in adults
    • FAJANS, S.S. & FLOYD, J. C. JR. (1976) Fasting hypoglycemia in adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 294, 766-772
    • (1976) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.294 , pp. 766-772
    • Fajans, S.S.1    Floyd, Jr.J.C.2
  • 75
    • 0014965180 scopus 로고
    • Starvation in human pregnancy: hypoglycaemia, hypoinsulinemia, and hyperketonemia
    • FELIG, P. & LYNCH, V. (1970) Starvation in human pregnancy: hypoglycaemia, hypoinsulinemia, and hyperketonemia. Science (Wash. D. C.) 170, 990-992
    • (1970) Science (Wash. D. C.) , vol.170 , pp. 990-992
    • Felig, P.1    Lynch, V.2
  • 76
    • 0015336161 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid metabolism during starvation in human pregnancy
    • FELIG, P. JIN KIM, Y., LYNCH, V. & HENDLER, R. (1972) Amino acid metabolism during starvation in human pregnancy. J. Clin. Invest. 51, 1195-1201
    • (1972) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.51 , pp. 1195-1201
    • Felig P.Jin Kim, Y.1    Lynch, V.2    Hendler, R.3
  • 77
    • 84956634684 scopus 로고
    • Hypoglycemic disorders, in Textbook of Medicine (Beeson, P.B. & McDermott, W., eds.), Saunders, Philadelphia
    • FREINKEL, N. (1975) Hypoglycemic disorders, in Textbook of Medicine (Beeson, P.B. & McDermott, W., eds.), pp. 1619-1624, Saunders, Philadelphia
    • (1975) , pp. 1619-1624
    • Freinkel, N.1
  • 78
    • 0017889884 scopus 로고
    • The role of nutrition in medicine: recent developments in fuel metabolism
    • FREINKEL, N. (1978) The role of nutrition in medicine: recent developments in fuel metabolism. /. Am. Med. Assoc. 239, 1868-1872
    • (1978) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.239 , pp. 1868-1872
    • Freinkel, N.1
  • 80
    • 84956708248 scopus 로고
    • Intermediary metabolism during normal pregnancy, in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Newborn (Sutherland, H. W. & Stowers, J. M., eds.) (2nd Aberdeen Int. Colloq.), Springer, Berlin
    • FREINKEL, N., PHELPS, R. L. & METZGER, B. E. (1979) Intermediary metabolism during normal pregnancy, in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Newborn (Sutherland, H. W. & Stowers, J. M., eds.) (2nd Aberdeen Int. Colloq.), Springer, Berlin
    • (1979)
    • Freinkel, N.1    Phelps, R.L.2    Metzger, B.E.3
  • 82
    • 0014152729 scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism in the fetus in utero: the effect of maternal fasting and glucose loading in the rat
    • GOODNER, C. J. & THOMPSON, D.J. (1967) Glucose metabolism in the fetus in utero: the effect of maternal fasting and glucose loading in the rat. Pediatr. Res. 1, 443-451
    • (1967) Pediatr. Res. , vol.1 , pp. 443-451
    • Goodner, C.J.1    Thompson, D.J.2
  • 83
    • 0014637537 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. VI. Plasma fuels, insulin, liver composition, gluconeogenesis and nitrogen metabolism during late gestation in the fed and fasted rat
    • HERRERA, E., KNOPP, R. H. & FREINKEL, N. (1969a) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. VI. Plasma fuels, insulin, liver composition, gluconeogenesis and nitrogen metabolism during late gestation in the fed and fasted rat. /. Clin. Invest. 48, 2260-2272
    • (1969) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.48 , pp. 2260-2272
    • Herrera, E.1    Knopp, R.H.2    Freinkel, N.3
  • 84
    • 0014469584 scopus 로고
    • Urinary excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine during fasting in late pregnancy in the rat
    • HERRERA, E., KNOPP, R. H. & FREINKEL, N. (1969b) Urinary excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine during fasting in late pregnancy in the rat. Endocrinology 84, 447-450
    • (1969) Endocrinology , vol.84 , pp. 447-450
    • Herrera, E.1    Knopp, R.H.2    Freinkel, N.3
  • 85
    • 0015713524 scopus 로고
    • Homeostasis during fasting. II. Hormone substrate differences between men and women
    • MéRIMéE, T. J. & FINEBERG, S. E. (1973) Homeostasis during fasting. II. Hormone substrate differences between men and women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 37, 698-702
    • (1973) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.37 , pp. 698-702
    • Mérimée, T.J.1    Fineberg, S.E.2
  • 86
    • 84910431747 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of maternal protein metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the fasted state, in Early Diabetes in Early Life (Camerini-Davalos, R. A. & Cole, H. S., eds.), Academic Press, New York
    • METZGER, B. E. & FREINKEL, N. (1975) Regulation of maternal protein metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the fasted state, in Early Diabetes in Early Life (Camerini-Davalos, R. A. & Cole, H. S., eds.), pp. 303-311, Academic Press, New York
    • (1975) , pp. 303-311
    • Metzger, B.E.1    Freinkel, N.2
  • 87
    • 0015147540 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. IX. Plasma levels of gluconeogenic fuels during fasting in the rat
    • METZGER, B. E., HARE, J. W. & FREINKEL, N. (1971) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. IX. Plasma levels of gluconeogenic fuels during fasting in the rat. J. Clin. Endocrinol. 33. 869-873
    • (1971) J. Clin. Endocrinol , vol.33 , pp. 869-873
    • Metzger, B.E.1    Hare, J.W.2    Freinkel, N.3
  • 88
    • 0015833204 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. X. Metabolic disposition of alanine by the perfused liver of the fasting pregnant rat
    • METZGER, B. E., AGNOLI, F., HARE, J. W. & FREINKEL, N. (1973) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. X. Metabolic disposition of alanine by the perfused liver of the fasting pregnant rat. Diabetes 22, 601-608
    • (1973) Diabetes , vol.22 , pp. 601-608
    • Metzger, B.E.1    Agnoli, F.2    Hare, J.W.3    Freinkel, N.4
  • 89
    • 84956608078 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the conceptus on glucose kinetics during fasting in pregnancy
    • (abstr.)
    • OGATA, E. S., SANDERS, L., METZGER, B. & FREINKEL, N. (1978) Effects of the conceptus on glucose kinetics during fasting in pregnancy. Pediatr. Res. 12, 54 (abstr.)
    • (1978) Pediatr. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 54
    • Ogata, E.S.1    Sanders, L.2    Metzger, B.3    Freinkel, N.4
  • 90
    • 0012655914 scopus 로고
    • Hyperlipemia and ketosis in the pregnant rat
    • Scow, R. O., CHERNICK, S.S. & BRINLEY, M. S. (1964) Hyperlipemia and ketosis in the pregnant rat. Am. J. Physiol. 206, 796-804
    • (1964) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.206 , pp. 796-804
    • Scow, R.O.1    Chernick, S.S.2    Brinley, M.S.3
  • 91
    • 0017723145 scopus 로고
    • Fetal fuels. I. Utilization of ketones by isolated tissues at various stages of maturation and maternal nutrition during late gestation
    • SHAMBAUGH, G. E. Ill, MROZAK, S. C. & FREINKEL, N. (1977) Fetal fuels. I. Utilization of ketones by isolated tissues at various stages of maturation and maternal nutrition during late gestation. Metabolism 26, 623-636
    • (1977) Metabolism , vol.26 , pp. 623-636
    • Shambaugh, G.E.1    Mrozak, S.C.2    Freinkel, N.3
  • 92
    • 0017174686 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine-metabolic response to acute starvation in human gestation
    • TYSON, J. E., AUSTIN, K., FARINHOLT, J. & FIEDLER, J. (1976) Endocrine-metabolic response to acute starvation in human gestation. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 125, 1073-1084
    • (1976) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.125 , pp. 1073-1084
    • Tyson, J.E.1    Austin, K.2    Farinholt, J.3    Fiedler, J.4
  • 93
    • 0017669098 scopus 로고
    • Control Of Glucose Metabolism In Lactating-Rat Mammary Gland: Effects Of Other Substrates, Insulin And Starvation
    • WILLIAMSON, D. H. & ROBINSON, A.M. (1977) Control of glucose metabolism in lactating-rat mammary gland: effects of other substrates, insulin and starvation. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 5, 829-834
    • (1977) Biochem. Soc. Trans. , vol.5 , pp. 829-834
    • Williamson, D.H.1    Robinson, A.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.