메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

The importance of having a partner: Male help releases females from time limitation during incubation in birds

Author keywords

Comparative analyses; Food limitation; Latitude; Male incubation; Parental care; Passerines; Paternity; Sexual conflict; Temperature

Indexed keywords


EID: 84899482637     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17429994     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-11-24     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (84)
  • 2
    • 0037192383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary transitions in parental care and live bearing in vertebrates
    • 10.1098/rstb.2001.0930, 1692951, 11958696
    • Reynolds JD, Goodwin NB, Freckleton RP. Evolutionary transitions in parental care and live bearing in vertebrates. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2002, 357:269-281. 10.1098/rstb.2001.0930, 1692951, 11958696.
    • (2002) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.357 , pp. 269-281
    • Reynolds, J.D.1    Goodwin, N.B.2    Freckleton, R.P.3
  • 3
    • 77955613141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental care trade-offs and life-history relationships in insects
    • 10.1086/653661, 20528469
    • Gilbert JDJ, Manica A. Parental care trade-offs and life-history relationships in insects. Am Nat 2010, 176:212-226. 10.1086/653661, 20528469.
    • (2010) Am Nat , vol.176 , pp. 212-226
    • Gilbert, J.D.J.1    Manica, A.2
  • 5
    • 23244435057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic perspectives in the evolution of parental care in ray-finned fishes
    • Mank JE, Promislow DEL, Avise JC. Phylogenetic perspectives in the evolution of parental care in ray-finned fishes. Evolution 2005, 59:1570-1578.
    • (2005) Evolution , vol.59 , pp. 1570-1578
    • Mank, J.E.1    Promislow, D.E.L.2    Avise, J.C.3
  • 6
    • 34548185947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of different modes of parental care in birds
    • Cockburn A. Prevalence of different modes of parental care in birds. Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci 2006, 273:1375-1383.
    • (2006) Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci , vol.273 , pp. 1375-1383
    • Cockburn, A.1
  • 8
    • 12244252336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paternal behaviour in wild guinea pigs: a comparative study in three closely related species with different social and mating systems
    • Adrian O, Brockmann I, Hohoff C, Sachser N. Paternal behaviour in wild guinea pigs: a comparative study in three closely related species with different social and mating systems. J Zool 2005, 265:97-105.
    • (2005) J Zool , vol.265 , pp. 97-105
    • Adrian, O.1    Brockmann, I.2    Hohoff, C.3    Sachser, N.4
  • 9
    • 84876728345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of Parental Care in Vertebrates
    • Oxford: Oxford University Press, Royle NJ, Smiseth PJ, Kolliker M
    • Balshine S. Patterns of Parental Care in Vertebrates. Evolution of Parental Care 2012, 62-80. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Royle NJ, Smiseth PJ, Kolliker M.
    • (2012) Evolution of Parental Care , pp. 62-80
    • Balshine, S.1
  • 10
    • 84874959621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of Parental Care in Invertebrates
    • Oxford: Oxford University Press, Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kolliker M
    • Trumbo S. Patterns of Parental Care in Invertebrates. Evolution of Parental Care 2012, 81-100. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kolliker M.
    • (2012) Evolution of Parental Care , pp. 81-100
    • Trumbo, S.1
  • 11
    • 45149094780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental investment, sexual selection and sex ratios
    • 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01540.x, 18462318
    • Kokko H, Jennions MD. Parental investment, sexual selection and sex ratios. J Evol Biol 2008, 21:919-948. 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01540.x, 18462318.
    • (2008) J Evol Biol , vol.21 , pp. 919-948
    • Kokko, H.1    Jennions, M.D.2
  • 12
    • 69249191523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How is sexual conflict over parental care resolved? A meta-analysis
    • 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01792.x, 19583699
    • Harrison F, Barta Z, Cuthill I, Székely T. How is sexual conflict over parental care resolved? A meta-analysis. J Evol Biol 2009, 22:1800-1812. 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01792.x, 19583699.
    • (2009) J Evol Biol , vol.22 , pp. 1800-1812
    • Harrison, F.1    Barta, Z.2    Cuthill, I.3    Székely, T.4
  • 13
    • 0031710846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The demands of incubation and avian clutch size
    • Thomson DL, Monaghan P, Furness RW. The demands of incubation and avian clutch size. Biol Rev 1998, 73:293-304.
    • (1998) Biol Rev , vol.73 , pp. 293-304
    • Thomson, D.L.1    Monaghan, P.2    Furness, R.W.3
  • 16
    • 33947617746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal variation in avian incubation attentiveness and a test of the food limitation hypothesis
    • Chalfoun AD, Martin TE. Latitudinal variation in avian incubation attentiveness and a test of the food limitation hypothesis. Anim Behav 2007, 73:579-585.
    • (2007) Anim Behav , vol.73 , pp. 579-585
    • Chalfoun, A.D.1    Martin, T.E.2
  • 17
    • 0021532531 scopus 로고
    • Successive nest building and polygyny of Fan-tailed Warblers Cisticola juncidis
    • Ueda K. Successive nest building and polygyny of Fan-tailed Warblers Cisticola juncidis. Ibis 1984, 126:221-229.
    • (1984) Ibis , vol.126 , pp. 221-229
    • Ueda, K.1
  • 18
    • 80052368850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male and female reproductive success in a threatened polygynous species: the strange-tailed tyrant, Alectrurus risora
    • Di Giacomo AS, Di Giacomo AG, Reboreda JC. Male and female reproductive success in a threatened polygynous species: the strange-tailed tyrant, Alectrurus risora. Condor 2011, 113:619-628.
    • (2011) Condor , vol.113 , pp. 619-628
    • Di Giacomo, A.S.1    Di Giacomo, A.G.2    Reboreda, J.C.3
  • 19
    • 83755177936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nesting of the Scalloped Woodcreeper (Lepidocolaptes falcinellus)
    • Bodrati A, Cockle KL. Nesting of the Scalloped Woodcreeper (Lepidocolaptes falcinellus). Ornithol Neotrop 2011, 22:195-206.
    • (2011) Ornithol Neotrop , vol.22 , pp. 195-206
    • Bodrati, A.1    Cockle, K.L.2
  • 20
    • 0033055768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Males feeding females during incubation. I. Required by microclimate or constrained by nest predation?
    • Martin TE, Ghalambor CK. Males feeding females during incubation. I. Required by microclimate or constrained by nest predation?. Am Nat 1999, 153:131-139.
    • (1999) Am Nat , vol.153 , pp. 131-139
    • Martin, T.E.1    Ghalambor, C.K.2
  • 21
    • 82355175263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male incubation feeding in songbirds responds differently to nest predation risk across hemispheres
    • Matysioková B, Cockburn A, Remeš V. Male incubation feeding in songbirds responds differently to nest predation risk across hemispheres. Anim Behav 2011, 82:1347-1356.
    • (2011) Anim Behav , vol.82 , pp. 1347-1356
    • Matysioková, B.1    Cockburn, A.2    Remeš, V.3
  • 22
    • 84971088843 scopus 로고
    • The incubation patterns of birds
    • Skutch AF. The incubation patterns of birds. Ibis 1957, 99:69-93.
    • (1957) Ibis , vol.99 , pp. 69-93
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 24
    • 0030819264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do females care more than males?
    • Queller DC. Why do females care more than males?. Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci 1997, 264:1555-1557.
    • (1997) Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci , vol.264 , pp. 1555-1557
    • Queller, D.C.1
  • 25
    • 84865183748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The costs of parental care: a meta-analysis of the trade-off between parental effort and survival in birds
    • 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02569.x, 22830387
    • Santos ESA, Nakagawa S. The costs of parental care: a meta-analysis of the trade-off between parental effort and survival in birds. J Evol Biol 2012, 25:1911-1917. 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02569.x, 22830387.
    • (2012) J Evol Biol , vol.25 , pp. 1911-1917
    • Santos, E.S.A.1    Nakagawa, S.2
  • 26
    • 84871063715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faithful females receive more help: the extent of male parental care during incubation in relation to extra-pair paternity in songbirds
    • 10.1111/jeb.12039, 23176707
    • Matysioková B, Remeš V. Faithful females receive more help: the extent of male parental care during incubation in relation to extra-pair paternity in songbirds. J Evol Biol 2013, 26:155-162. 10.1111/jeb.12039, 23176707.
    • (2013) J Evol Biol , vol.26 , pp. 155-162
    • Matysioková, B.1    Remeš, V.2
  • 27
    • 0027068330 scopus 로고
    • Physiological limits to sustainable energy budgets in birds and mammals: Ecological implications
    • 10.1016/0169-5347(92)90009-Z, 21236073
    • Weiner J. Physiological limits to sustainable energy budgets in birds and mammals: Ecological implications. Trends Ecol Evol 1992, 7:384-388. 10.1016/0169-5347(92)90009-Z, 21236073.
    • (1992) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.7 , pp. 384-388
    • Weiner, J.1
  • 28
    • 13944269998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting herbivore feeding times
    • Jeschke JM, Tollrian R. Predicting herbivore feeding times. Ethology 2005, 111:187-206.
    • (2005) Ethology , vol.111 , pp. 187-206
    • Jeschke, J.M.1    Tollrian, R.2
  • 29
    • 53149154503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new view of avian life-history evolution tested on an incubation paradox
    • Martin TE. A new view of avian life-history evolution tested on an incubation paradox. Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci 2002, 269:309-316.
    • (2002) Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci , vol.269 , pp. 309-316
    • Martin, T.E.1
  • 30
    • 3142707307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended parental care and delayed dispersal: northern, tropical, and southern passerines compared
    • Russell EM. Extended parental care and delayed dispersal: northern, tropical, and southern passerines compared. Behav Ecol 2004, 15:831-838.
    • (2004) Behav Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 831-838
    • Russell, E.M.1
  • 31
    • 35748937325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic variation in avian incubation periods and parental influences on embryonic temperature
    • 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00204.x, 17714499
    • Martin TE, Auer SK, Bassar RD, Niklison AM, Lloyd P. Geographic variation in avian incubation periods and parental influences on embryonic temperature. Evolution 2007, 61:2558-2569. 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00204.x, 17714499.
    • (2007) Evolution , vol.61 , pp. 2558-2569
    • Martin, T.E.1    Auer, S.K.2    Bassar, R.D.3    Niklison, A.M.4    Lloyd, P.5
  • 32
    • 0030894556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and animals
    • 10.1038/386457a0, 9087402
    • Hammond KA, Diamond J. Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and animals. Nature 1997, 386:457-462. 10.1038/386457a0, 9087402.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 457-462
    • Hammond, K.A.1    Diamond, J.2
  • 33
    • 11444266950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflict between parents over care
    • 10.1016/j.tree.2004.10.008, 16701338
    • Houston AI, Székely T, McNamara JM. Conflict between parents over care. Trends Ecol Evol 2005, 20:33-38. 10.1016/j.tree.2004.10.008, 16701338.
    • (2005) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.20 , pp. 33-38
    • Houston, A.I.1    Székely, T.2    McNamara, J.M.3
  • 34
    • 0033598439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating rules for responding into evolutionary games
    • McNamara JM, Gasson CE, Houston AI. Incorporating rules for responding into evolutionary games. Nature 1999, 401:368-371.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 368-371
    • McNamara, J.M.1    Gasson, C.E.2    Houston, A.I.3
  • 35
    • 84899481256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should young ever be better off with one parent than with two?
    • McNamara JM, Houston AI, Zoltán B, Osorno J-L. Should young ever be better off with one parent than with two?. Nature 2003, 401:301-310.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 301-310
    • McNamara, J.M.1    Houston, A.I.2    Zoltán, B.3    Osorno, J.-L.4
  • 36
    • 0001696988 scopus 로고
    • Courtship feeding in birds
    • Lack D. Courtship feeding in birds. Auk 1940, 57:169-178.
    • (1940) Auk , vol.57 , pp. 169-178
    • Lack, D.1
  • 37
    • 0002524423 scopus 로고
    • The incubation rhythm of the female Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) in the presence and absence of the male
    • von Haartman L. The incubation rhythm of the female Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) in the presence and absence of the male. Ornis Fenn 1958, 35:71-76.
    • (1958) Ornis Fenn , vol.35 , pp. 71-76
    • von Haartman, L.1
  • 38
    • 0000874854 scopus 로고
    • Incubation feeding in snow buntings: female manipulation or indirect male parental care?
    • Lyon BE, Montgomerie RD. Incubation feeding in snow buntings: female manipulation or indirect male parental care?. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 1985, 17:279-284.
    • (1985) Behav Ecol Sociobiol , vol.17 , pp. 279-284
    • Lyon, B.E.1    Montgomerie, R.D.2
  • 39
    • 33845754441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incubation delays territory defence by male blue-headed vireos, Vireo solitarius
    • Chiver I, Morton ES, Stutchbury BJM. Incubation delays territory defence by male blue-headed vireos, Vireo solitarius. Anim Behav 2007, 73:143-148.
    • (2007) Anim Behav , vol.73 , pp. 143-148
    • Chiver, I.1    Morton, E.S.2    Stutchbury, B.J.M.3
  • 41
    • 11844254513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of biparental care in house sparrows: hormonal manipulations of paternal contributions
    • Schwagmeyer PL, Schwabl H, Mock D. Dynamics of biparental care in house sparrows: hormonal manipulations of paternal contributions. Anim Behav 2005, 69:481-488.
    • (2005) Anim Behav , vol.69 , pp. 481-488
    • Schwagmeyer, P.L.1    Schwabl, H.2    Mock, D.3
  • 42
    • 9944243713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone and group size in cliff swallows: testing the " challenge hypothesis" in a colonial bird
    • 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.08.012, 15579268
    • Smith LC, Raouf SA, Brown MB, Wingfield JC, Brown CR. Testosterone and group size in cliff swallows: testing the " challenge hypothesis" in a colonial bird. Horm Behav 2005, 47:76-82. 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.08.012, 15579268.
    • (2005) Horm Behav , vol.47 , pp. 76-82
    • Smith, L.C.1    Raouf, S.A.2    Brown, M.B.3    Wingfield, J.C.4    Brown, C.R.5
  • 43
    • 0002368862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal Control of Incubation Behaviour
    • Oxford: Oxford University Press, Deeming DC
    • Vleck CM. Hormonal Control of Incubation Behaviour. Avian Incubation: Behavior, Environment and Evolution 2002, 54-62. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Deeming DC.
    • (2002) Avian Incubation: Behavior, Environment and Evolution , pp. 54-62
    • Vleck, C.M.1
  • 44
    • 0041664925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is male care compromised by additional mating opportunity?
    • Magrath MJL, Komdeur J. Is male care compromised by additional mating opportunity?. Trends Ecol Evol 2003, 18:424-430.
    • (2003) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.18 , pp. 424-430
    • Magrath, M.J.L.1    Komdeur, J.2
  • 46
    • 41349105526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in the behavioral ecology of tropical birds
    • Stutchbury BJM, Morton ES. Recent advances in the behavioral ecology of tropical birds. Wilson J Ornithol 2008, 120:26-37.
    • (2008) Wilson J Ornithol , vol.120 , pp. 26-37
    • Stutchbury, B.J.M.1    Morton, E.S.2
  • 47
    • 80052379224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrequent extra-pair paternity in the Banded Wren, a synchronously breeding tropical passerine
    • Cramer ERA, Hall ML, de Kort SR, Lovette IJ, Vehrencamp SL. Infrequent extra-pair paternity in the Banded Wren, a synchronously breeding tropical passerine. Condor 2011, 113:637-645.
    • (2011) Condor , vol.113 , pp. 637-645
    • Cramer, E.R.A.1    Hall, M.L.2    de Kort, S.R.3    Lovette, I.J.4    Vehrencamp, S.L.5
  • 48
    • 70349225592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrapair paternity and sexual selection in socially monogamous birds: are tropica birds different?
    • Macedo RH, Karubian J, Webster MS. Extrapair paternity and sexual selection in socially monogamous birds: are tropica birds different?. Auk 2008, 125:769-777.
    • (2008) Auk , vol.125 , pp. 769-777
    • Macedo, R.H.1    Karubian, J.2    Webster, M.S.3
  • 49
    • 4544225357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone in tropical birds: effects of environmental and social factors
    • 10.1086/422856, 15478088
    • Goymann W, Moore IT, Scheuerlein A, Hirschenhauser K, Grafen A, Wingfield JC. Testosterone in tropical birds: effects of environmental and social factors. Am Nat 2004, 164:327-334. 10.1086/422856, 15478088.
    • (2004) Am Nat , vol.164 , pp. 327-334
    • Goymann, W.1    Moore, I.T.2    Scheuerlein, A.3    Hirschenhauser, K.4    Grafen, A.5    Wingfield, J.C.6
  • 50
    • 53149122474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal distribution, migration, and testosterone levels in birds
    • 10.1086/590955, 18729776
    • Garamszegi LZ, Hirschenhauser K, V B, M E, S H-B, Møller AP, RF O, Wingfield JC. Latitudinal distribution, migration, and testosterone levels in birds. Am Nat 2008, 172:533-546. 10.1086/590955, 18729776.
    • (2008) Am Nat , vol.172 , pp. 533-546
    • Garamszegi, L.Z.1    Hirschenhauser, K.2    Møller, A.P.3    Wingfield, J.C.4
  • 51
    • 84867703819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in testosterone and corticosterone in amphibians and reptiles: relationships with latitude, elevation, and breeding season length
    • 10.1086/667891, 23070324
    • Eikenaar C, Husak J, Escallón C, Moore IT. Variation in testosterone and corticosterone in amphibians and reptiles: relationships with latitude, elevation, and breeding season length. Am Nat 2012, 180:642-654. 10.1086/667891, 23070324.
    • (2012) Am Nat , vol.180 , pp. 642-654
    • Eikenaar, C.1    Husak, J.2    Escallón, C.3    Moore, I.T.4
  • 52
    • 34347245282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic rate of nocturnal incubation in female great tits, Parus major, in relation to clutch size measured in a natural environment
    • 10.1242/jeb.001420, 17515426
    • De Heij ME, van der Graaf AJ, Hafner D, Tinbergen JM. Metabolic rate of nocturnal incubation in female great tits, Parus major, in relation to clutch size measured in a natural environment. J Exp Biol 2007, 210:2006-2012. 10.1242/jeb.001420, 17515426.
    • (2007) J Exp Biol , vol.210 , pp. 2006-2012
    • De Heij, M.E.1    van der Graaf, A.J.2    Hafner, D.3    Tinbergen, J.M.4
  • 53
    • 0036099032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of breeding systems in acrocephaline warblers
    • Leisler B, Winkler H, Wink M. Evolution of breeding systems in acrocephaline warblers. Auk 2002, 119:379-390.
    • (2002) Auk , vol.119 , pp. 379-390
    • Leisler, B.1    Winkler, H.2    Wink, M.3
  • 54
    • 38049138735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cold- and exercise-induced peak metabolic rates in tropical birds
    • 10.1073/pnas.0707683104, 2409233, 18093954
    • Wiersma P, Chappell M, Williams JB. Cold- and exercise-induced peak metabolic rates in tropical birds. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007, 104:20866-20871. 10.1073/pnas.0707683104, 2409233, 18093954.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.104 , pp. 20866-20871
    • Wiersma, P.1    Chappell, M.2    Williams, J.B.3
  • 55
    • 0003265388 scopus 로고
    • Life histories of Central American birds I. Families fringillidae, thraupidae, icteridae, parulidae and coerebidae
    • Skutch AF. Life histories of Central American birds I. Families fringillidae, thraupidae, icteridae, parulidae and coerebidae. Pacific Coast Avifauna 1954, 31:1-448.
    • (1954) Pacific Coast Avifauna , vol.31 , pp. 1-448
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 56
    • 0008613763 scopus 로고
    • Life histories of Central American birds II. Families vireonidae, sylviidae, turdidae, troglodytidae, paridae, corvidae, hirundinidae and tyrannidae
    • Skutch AF. Life histories of Central American birds II. Families vireonidae, sylviidae, turdidae, troglodytidae, paridae, corvidae, hirundinidae and tyrannidae. Pacific Coast Avifauna 1960, 34:1-593.
    • (1960) Pacific Coast Avifauna , vol.34 , pp. 1-593
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 57
    • 0038458127 scopus 로고
    • Life histories of Central American birds III. Families cotingidae, pipridae, formicariidae, furnariidae, dendrocolaptidae, and picidae
    • Skutch AF. Life histories of Central American birds III. Families cotingidae, pipridae, formicariidae, furnariidae, dendrocolaptidae, and picidae. Pacific Coast Avifauna 1969, 35:1-580.
    • (1969) Pacific Coast Avifauna , vol.35 , pp. 1-580
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 74
    • 0000661091 scopus 로고
    • The constancy of incubation
    • Skutch AF. The constancy of incubation. Wilson Bull 1962, 74:115-152.
    • (1962) Wilson Bull , vol.74 , pp. 115-152
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 78
    • 79961135005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, R Development Core Team
    • R Development Core Team R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing 2011, Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, R Development Core Team.
    • (2011) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
  • 79
    • 0036920097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis and comparative data: a test and review of evidence
    • 10.1086/343873, 18707460
    • Freckleton RP, Harvey PH, Pagel M. Phylogenetic analysis and comparative data: a test and review of evidence. Am Nat 2002, 160:712-726. 10.1086/343873, 18707460.
    • (2002) Am Nat , vol.160 , pp. 712-726
    • Freckleton, R.P.1    Harvey, P.H.2    Pagel, M.3
  • 81
    • 84869088692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global diversity of birds in space and time
    • 10.1038/nature11631, 23123857
    • Jetz W, Thomas GH, Joy JB, Hartmann K, Mooers AO. The global diversity of birds in space and time. Nature 2012, 491:444-448. 10.1038/nature11631, 23123857.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.491 , pp. 444-448
    • Jetz, W.1    Thomas, G.H.2    Joy, J.B.3    Hartmann, K.4    Mooers, A.O.5
  • 82
    • 84867364321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytools: An R package for phylogenetic comparative biology (and other things)
    • Revell LJ. phytools: An R package for phylogenetic comparative biology (and other things). Methods Ecol Evol 2012, 3:217-223.
    • (2012) Methods Ecol Evol , vol.3 , pp. 217-223
    • Revell, L.J.1
  • 84
    • 0001147113 scopus 로고
    • Parametric Measures of Effect Size
    • New York: Russel Sage Foundation, Cooper H, Hedges V
    • Rosenthal R. Parametric Measures of Effect Size. The Handbook of Research Synthesis 1994, 231-244. New York: Russel Sage Foundation, Cooper H, Hedges V.
    • (1994) The Handbook of Research Synthesis , pp. 231-244
    • Rosenthal, R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.