The technological development of candidate web sites:How and why candidates use web innovations

Politicking online: The transformation of election campaign communications

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 21-47

  Druckman, James N ^a   Kifer, Martin J ^b   Parkin, Michael ^b  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84899296950     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (54)

1. Abbe, O., J. Goodliffe, P. Herrnson, and K. Patterson. 2003. "Agenda Setting in Congressional Elections: The Impact of Issues and Campaigns on Voting Behavior." Political Research Quarterly 56 (4): 419-430.
2. Barone, M., and R. Cohen. 2003. The Almanac of American Politics: 2004. Washington, DC: National Journal Group.
3. Barone, M., and R. Cohen. 2005. The Almanac of American Politics: 2006. Washington, DC: National Journal Group.
4. Barone, M., R. Cohen, and C. Cook, Jr. 2001. The Almanac of American Politics: 2002. Washington, DC: National Journal Group.
5. Bimber, B., and R. Davis. 2003. Campaigning Online: The Internet in U.S. Elections. New York: Oxford University Press.
6. Bucy, E. 2004. "Interactivity in Society: Locating an Elusive Concept." The Information Society 20 (5): 373-383.
7. Chadwick, A. 2006. Internet Politics: States, Citizens, and New Communication Technologies. New York: Oxford University Press.
8. Coleman, S. 2004 "Connecting Parliament to the Public via the Internet: Two Case Studies of Online Consultations." Information, Communication and Society 7:1-22.
9. Cornfield, M. 2004. Politics Moves Online: Campaigning and the Internet. New York: The Century Foundation Press.
10. Davis, R. 1999. The Web of Politics: The Internet's Impact on the American Political System. New York: Oxford University Press.
11. Druckman, J. 2003. "The Power of Television Images: The First Kennedy-Nixon Debate Revisited." The Journal of Politics 65:559-571.
12. Druckman, J., M. Kifer, and M. Parkin. 2007. "Going Negative in a New Media Age: Congressional Campaign Websites, 2002 -2006." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL.
13. Dulio, D., D. Goff, and J. Thurber. 1999. "Untangled Web: Internet Use During the 1998 Election. PS: Political Science and Politics 32 (1): 53-59.
14. Eveland, W. and S. Dunwoody. 2002. "An Investigation of Elaboration and Selective Scanning as Mediators of Learning from the Web and Print. "Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 46: 34-53.
15. Faler, B. 2003. "Add 'Blog' to the Campaign Lexicon." Washington Post. November 15, sec. A, p.4.
16. Fenno, R. Jr. 1996. Senators on the Campaign Trail: The Politics of Representation. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
17. Foot, K., and S. Schneider. 2006. Web Campaigning. Cambridge: MIT Press.
18. Foot, K., S. Schneider, M. Dougherty, M. Xenos, and E. Larsen. 2003. "Analyzing Linking Practices: Candidates Sites in the 2002 U.S. Electoral Web Sphere." Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 8 (4) (accessed June 22, 2007, http://jcmc.indiana.edu/voli8/issue4/foot.html).
19. Foot, K., S. Schneider, M. Xenos, and M. Dougherty. 2003. Opportunities for Civic Engagement on Campaign Sites (accessed June 22, 2007, http://politicalweb.info/reports/information.html).
20. Goldsmith, S. 2004. "Major-party Candidates Work on the Web, While Many Challengers Stay Offline" (accessed December 2004 at (http://uwnews.washington.edu/ni/public/print2.asp).
21. Gordon, R. 2006. "Internet Rewrites Political Playbook: Tech Savvy Campaigns Go Online to Find Votes, Volunteers, Funds." San Francisco Chronicle, p. A1.
22. Graber, D. 2001. Processing Politics: Learning from Television in the Internet Age. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
23. Gulati, G., and S. Treul. 2003. "Divided by Gender: Congressional Elections and Presentation of Self on the Internet." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia.
24. Herrnson, P. 2004. Congressional Elections: Campaigning at Home and in Washington. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.
25. Herrnson, P., A. Stokes-Brown, and M. Hindman. 2007. "Campaign Politics and the Digital Divide: Constituency Characteristics, Strategic Considerations, and Candidate Internet Use in State Legislative Elections." Political Research Quarterly 60 (1): 31-42.
26. Ireland, E., and Nash, P. 2001. Winning Campaigns Online: Strategies for Candidates and Causes, Second Edition. Bethesda, MD: Science Writers Press.
27. Jacobson, G. 1992. The Politics of Congressional Elections. 3rd ed. New York: Harper Collins.
28. Kahn, K. 1996. The Political Consequences of Being a Woman. New York: Columbia University Press.
29. Kamarck, E. 1999. "Campaigning on the Internet in the Elections of 1998." In Democracy, com: Governance in a Networked World, ed. E. Kamarck and J. Nye Jr. 99 -123. Hollis, NH: Hollis Publishing.
30. Kaye, B., and T. Johnson. 2006. "The Age of Reasons: Motives for Using Different Components of the Internet for Political Information." In The Internet Election: Perspectives on the Web in Campaign 2004, ed. A. Williams and J. Tedesco. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield.
31. Keeter, S. 1987. "The Illusion of Intimacy: Television and the Role of Candidate Personal Qualities in Voter Choice." Public Opinion Quarterly 513: 344-358.
32. King, D. 1999. "Catching Voters in the Web." In Democracy.Com: Governance in a Networked World, ed. E. Kamarck and J. Nye Jr., 125-131. Hollis, NH: Hollis Publishing.
33. Lupia, A., and T. Philpot. 2005. "Views from Inside the Net: How Websites Affect Young Adults' Political Interest." Journal of Politics 67 (4): 1112-1142.
34. Neuendorf, K. 2002. The Content Analysis Guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
35. Norris, P. 2004. "Who Surfs?: New Technology, Old Voters, and Virtual Democracy in U.S. Elections 1992-2000." In. Democracy.Com? ed. E. Kamarck. Washington, DC: Brookings Institute.
36. O'Keefe, D. 2002. Persuasion: Theory and Research. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
37. Parkin, M. 2007. "Campaigns in Cyberspace and the Impact of Presentation Technology on Website Visitors." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago.
38. Paul, N., and C. Fiebich. 2002. "The Elements of Digital Storytelling" (accessed June 22, 2007, at http://www.inms.umn.edu/elements/ index.php).
39. Pew. 2000. Internet Election News Audience Seeks Convenience, Familiar Names (accessed February 3, 2007, at http://people-press.org/reports/print.php3? PageID=137).
40. Postman, N. 1986. Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business. New York: Penguin Books.
41. Puopolo, S. 2001. "The Web and U.S. Senatorial Campaigns 2000." American Behavioral Scientist 44 (12): 2030-2047.
42. Riffe, D., S. Lacy, and F. Fico. 1998. Analyzing Media Messages: Using Quantitative Content Analysis in Research. Mawah, NJ: Erlbaum.
43. Schattschneider, E. 1960. The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
44. Schneider, S. and K. Foot. 2002. "Online Structure for Political Action: Exploring Presidential Web Sites from the 2000 American Election." Javnost 9 (2): 43-60.
45. Southwell, B., and M. Lee. 2004. "A Pitfall of New Media? User Controls Exacerbate Editing Effects on Memory." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 81 (3): 643-656.
46. Stewart, D., P. Pavlou, and S. Ward. 2002. "Media Influences on Marketing Communications." In Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research, ed. J. Bryant and D. Zillmann. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
47. Stromer-Galley, J. 2000. "Online Interaction and Why Candidates Avoid It." Journal of Communication 50 (4): 11-132.
48. Tedesco, J. 2004. "Changing the Channel: Use of the Internet for Communicating About Politics." In Handbook of Political Communication Research, ed. L. Kaid, 507-532. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
49. Tewksbury, D., and S. Althaus. 2000. "Differences in Knowledge Acquisition Among Readers of the Paper and Online Versions of a National Newspaper." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 77:457-479.
50. Trippi, J. 2004. The Revolution Will Not be Televised: Democracy, the Internet, and the Overthrow of Everything. New York: HarperCollins.
51. Williams, C., A. Aylesworth, and K. Chapman. 2002. "The 2000 e-Campaign for U.S. Senate." Journal of Political Marketing. 1 (4): 39-64.
52. Williams, C. 2003. "An Assessment of Candidate Web Site Performance and Effectiveness." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL.
53. Wilson, J. 2006. "Divided We Stand." Wall Street Journal Online (accessed September 28, 2007, at http://www.opinionjournal.Com/federation/ feature/?id=110007966).
54. Xenos, M., and K. Foot. 2005. "Politics as Usual, or Politics Unusual? Position-Taking and Dialogue on Campaign Websites in the 2002 U.S. Elections." Journal of Communication 55 (1): 169-185.