Traits of autism spectrum disorders in adults with gender dysphoria

Archives of Sexual Behavior

Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 387-393

  Pasterski, Vickie ^a   Gilligan, Liam ^b   Curtis, Richard ^c  

^a Department of Psychology New Museum Site   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

^c Transhealth Gender Clinic   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Asperger's disorder; Autism spectrum disorder; Comorbidity; Gender dysphoria; Transsexualism

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; AUTISM; BRAIN; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; GENETICS; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHENOTYPE; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRE; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL DEVIATION; SEXUALITY; STATISTICS; TRANSSEXUALISM; TRANSSEXUALITY; UNITED KINGDOM; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BRAIN; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT DISORDERS, PERVASIVE; COHORT STUDIES; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; LONDON; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PARAPHILIAS; PHENOTYPE; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRES; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUALITY; TRANSGENDERED PERSONS; TRANSSEXUALISM; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84899123501     PISSN: 00040002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-013-0154-5     Document Type: Review

References (28)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Auyeung, B., Baron-Cohen, S., Ashwin, E., Knickmeyer, R., Taylor, K., Hackett, G., & Hines, M. (2009). Fetal testosterone predicts sexually differentiated childhood behaviour in girls and in boys. Psychological Science, 20, 144-148.
3. Baron-Cohen, S. (2002). The extrememale brain theory of autism. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6, 248-254.
4. Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31, 5-17.
5. Blanchard, R. (1985). Typology of male-to-female trans sexualism. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 14, 247-261.
6. Blanchard, R. (1988). Nonhomosexual gender dysphoria. Journal of Sex Research, 24, 188-193.
7. Blumberg, S. J.,Bramlet,M.D.,Kogan,M.D.,Schieve,L.A., Jones, J.R., & Lu, M. C. (2013). Changes in prevalence of parent-reported autism spectrum disorder in school-aged U.S. children: 2007-2012. National Health Statistics Reports, 65, 1-11.
8. deVries, A.L.C., Noens, I.L.J.,Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., van Berckelaer-Onnes, I. A., & Doreleijers, T. A. (2010). Autism spectrumdisorders in gender dysphoric children and adolescents. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 930-936.
9. Fombonne, E. (2005). Epidemiology of autistic disorder and other pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 66 (Suppl. 10), 3-8.
10. Gallucci, G., Hackerman, F., & Schmidt, C. W. (2005). Gender identity disorder in an adult male with Asperger syndrome. Sexuality and Disability, 23, 35-40.
11. Hines, M., Brook, C., & Conway,G.S. (2004).Androgen and psychosexual development: Core gender identity, sexual orientation, and recalled childhood gender role behavior in women and men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Journal of Sex Research, 41, 75-81.
12. Howlin, P., Mawhood, L., & Rutter, M. (2000).Autism and developmental receptive language Disorder - A follow-up comparison in early adult life. II:Social,behavioural andpsychiatric outcomes.JournalofChild Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, 561-578.
13. Jones, R. M., Wheelwright, S., Farrell, K., Martin, E., Green, R., Di Ceglie, D., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2012). Female-to-male transsexual people and autistic traits. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 301-306.
14. Kinsey, A. C., Pomeroy, W.B., & Martin, C.E. (1948). Sexual behavior in the human male. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
15. Knickmeyer, R., Baron-Cohen, S., Fane, B. A.,Wheelwright, S., Matthews, G.A.,Conway,G.S., et al.(2006). Androgens and autistic traits: A study of individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Hormones and Behavior, 50, 148-153.
16. Kraemer, B., Delsignore, A., Gundelfinger, R., Schnyder, U., & Hepp, U. (2005). Comorbidity of Asperger syndrome and gender identity disorder. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 14, 292-296.
17. Landén, M., & Rasmussen, P. (1997).Gender identity disorder in a girlwith autism - A case report.European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 6, 170-173.
18. Lawrence, A. A. (2010). Sexual orientation versus age of onset as bases for typologies (subtypes) for gender identity disorder in adolescents and adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 514-545.
19. Mukaddes, N. M. (2002). Gender identity problems in autistic children. Child: Care, Health and Development, 28, 529-532.
20. Pasterski, V., Golombok, S., & Hines, M. (2011) Sex differences in social behaviour. In P. Smith & C. Hart (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of childhood social development (2nd ed.) (pp. 117-136). Oxford: Blackwell.
21. Perera, H., Gadambanathan, T., & Weerasiri, S. (2003). Gender identity disorder presenting in a girl with Asperger's disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. Ceylon Medical Journal, 48, 57-58.
22. Robinow, O., & Knudson, G.A.(2005,April). Asperger's disorder and GID. Paper presented at the meeting of the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association, Bologna, Italy.
23. Smith,Y.L.S., van Goozen, S.H.M., Kuiper,A. J., & Cohen-Kettenis, P.T. (2005). Transsexual subtypes: Clinical and theoretical significance. Psychiatry Research, 137, 151-160.
24. Tateno, M., Ikeda, J., & Saito, T. (2011). Gender dysphoria in pervasive developmental disorders. Shishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi, 113, 1173-1183.
25. Tateno, M., Tateno, Y., & Saito, T. (2008). Comorbid childhood gender identity disorder in a boy with Asperger syndrome. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 62, 238.
26. Williams, P. G., Allard, A.M., & Sears, L. (1996).Case study:Cross-gender preoccupations with twomale childrenwith autism.Journal ofAutism and Developmental Disorders, 26, 635-642.
27. Woodbury-Smith, M., Robinson, J., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2005). Screening adults for Asperger syndrome using the AQ: Diagnostic validity in clinical practice. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, 331-335.
28. Zucker, K. J., & Lawrence, A. A. (2009). Epidemiology of gender identity disorder: Recommendations for the Standards of Care of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. International Journal of Transgenderism, 11, 8-18.