메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 129-136

Investigating risk factors for internet gaming disorder: A comparison of patients with addictive gaming, pathological gamblers and healthy controls regarding the big five personality traits

Author keywords

Addictive behavior; Big Five personality traits; Internet gaming disorder; Online games; Pathological gambling; Personality traits; Predispositions; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BERLIN INVENTORY FOR GAMBLING; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT TOOL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONSCIENTIOUSNESS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; EXTRAVERSION; HUMAN; INTERNET ADDICTION; INTERNET AND COMPUTER GAME ADDICTION; INTERNET GAMING DISORDER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEO FIVE FACTOR INVENTORY; NEUROSIS; PATHOLOGICAL GAMBLING; PERSONALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; ADDICTION; ADULT; CASE CONTROL STUDY; GAMBLING; INTERNET; PERSONALITY TEST; PSYCHOLOGY; RECREATION; YOUNG ADULT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; AGREEABLENESS; CHILD PSYCHIATRY; CLINICAL EVALUATION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR; MENTAL PATIENT; OPENNESS;

EID: 84898904417     PISSN: 10226877     EISSN: 14219891     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000355832     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (156)

References (61)
  • 1
    • 84871457231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive video gaming improves encoding speed to visual short-term memory in young male adults
    • Wilms IL, Petersen A, Vangkilde S: Intensive video gaming improves encoding speed to visual short-term memory in young male adults. Acta Psychol 2013; 142: 108-118.
    • (2013) Acta Psychol , vol.142 , pp. 108-118
    • Wilms, I.L.1    Petersen, A.2    Vangkilde, S.3
  • 2
    • 3042869109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder
    • Young KS: Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychol Behav 1998; 1: 237-244.
    • (1998) Cyberpsychol Behav , vol.1 , pp. 237-244
    • Young, K.S.1
  • 3
    • 75149196954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between excessive internet use and depression: A questionnaire-based study of 1,319 young people and adults
    • Morrison CM, Gore H: The relationship between excessive internet use and depression: A questionnaire-based study of 1,319 young people and adults. Psychopathology 2010; 43: 121-126.
    • (2010) Psychopathology , vol.43 , pp. 121-126
    • Morrison, C.M.1    Gore, H.2
  • 4
    • 78449288236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond the fascination of online-games: Probing addictive behavior and depression in the world of online-gaming
    • Stetina BU, Kothgassner OD, Lehenbauer M, Kryspin-Exner I: Beyond the fascination of online-games: Probing addictive behavior and depression in the world of online-gaming. Comput Human Behav 2011; 27: 473-479.
    • (2011) Comput Human Behav , vol.27 , pp. 473-479
    • Stetina, B.U.1    Kothgassner, O.D.2    Lehenbauer, M.3    Kryspin-Exner, I.4
  • 5
    • 84897419590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association accessed July 30 2013
    • American Psychiatric Association: Internet Gaming Disorder. 2013. http://www.dsm5. org/Documents/Internet%20Gaming%20 Disorder%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf (accessed July 30, 2013).
    • (2013) Internet Gaming Disorder
  • 6
    • 77449113177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer game playing: Clinical characteristics of dependence and abuse among adolescents
    • Batthy?ny D, M?ller KW, Benker F, W?lfling K: Computer game playing: Clinical characteristics of dependence and abuse among adolescents. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2009; 121: 502-509.
    • (2009) Wien Klin Wochenschr , vol.121 , pp. 502-509
    • Batthyny, D.1    Mller, K.W.2    Benker, F.3    Wlfling, K.4
  • 8
    • 84873958859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problematic computer game use among adolescents, younger and older adults
    • Festl R, Scharkow M, Quandt T: Problematic computer game use among adolescents, younger and older adults. Addiction 2013; 108: 592-599.
    • (2013) Addiction , vol.108 , pp. 592-599
    • Festl, R.1    Scharkow, M.2    Quandt, T.3
  • 9
    • 79551514364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathological video game use among youths: A two-year longitudinal study
    • Gentile DA, Choo H, Liau A, Sim T, Li D, Fung D, Khoo A: Pathological video game use among youths: A two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics 2011; 127: 318-330.
    • (2011) Pediatrics , vol.127 , pp. 318-330
    • Gentile, D.A.1    Choo, H.2    Liau, A.3    Sim, T.4    Li, D.5    Fung, D.6    Khoo, A.7
  • 10
    • 84876153923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain correlates of craving for online gaming under cue exposure in subjects with internet gaming addiction and in remitted subjects
    • Ko C-H, Liu G-C, Yen J-Y, Chen C-Y, Yen C-F, Chen C-S: Brain correlates of craving for online gaming under cue exposure in subjects with internet gaming addiction and in remitted subjects. Addict Biol 2013; 18: 559-569.
    • (2013) Addict Biol , vol.18 , pp. 559-569
    • Ko, C.-H.1    Liu, G.-C.2    Yen, J.-Y.3    Chen, C.-Y.4    Yen, C.-F.5    Chen, C.-S.6
  • 11
    • 34548621023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific cue reactivity on computer game-related cues in excessive gamers
    • Thalemann R, W?lfling K, Gr?sser SM: Specific cue reactivity on computer game-related cues in excessive gamers. Behav Neurosci 2007; 121: 614-618.
    • (2007) Behav Neurosci , vol.121 , pp. 614-618
    • Thalemann, R.1    Wlfling, K.2    Grsser, S.M.3
  • 12
    • 0031133486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality trait structure as a human universal
    • McCrae RR, Costa PT Jr: Personality trait structure as a human universal. Am Psychol 1997; 52: 509-516.
    • (1997) Am Psychol , vol.52 , pp. 509-516
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa Jr., P.T.2
  • 13
    • 0029269006 scopus 로고
    • A contrarian view of the five-factor approach to personality description
    • Block J: A contrarian view of the five-factor approach to personality description. Psychol Bull 1995; 117: 187-215.
    • (1995) Psychol Bull , vol.117 , pp. 187-215
    • Block, J.1
  • 14
    • 0038341317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Five years of progress: A reply to Block
    • McCrae RR: Five years of progress: A reply to Block. J Res Pers 2001; 35: 108-113.
    • (2001) J Res Pers , vol.35 , pp. 108-113
    • McCrae, R.R.1
  • 15
    • 0029831402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality traits and long-term health status the influence of neuroticism and conscientiousness on renal deterioration in type-I diabetes
    • Brickman AL, Yount SE, Blaney NT, Rothberg ST, De-Nour AK: Personality traits and long-term health status. The influence of neuroticism and conscientiousness on renal deterioration in type-I diabetes. Psychosomatics 1996; 37: 459-468.
    • (1996) Psychosomatics , vol.37 , pp. 459-468
    • Brickman, A.L.1    Yount, S.E.2    Blaney, N.T.3    Rothberg, S.T.4    De-Nour, A.K.5
  • 18
    • 85047694355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Big Five factors of personality and replicated predictions of behavior
    • Paunonen SV: Big Five factors of personality and replicated predictions of behavior. J Pers Soc Psychol 2003; 84: 411-424.
    • (2003) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.84 , pp. 411-424
    • Paunonen, S.V.1
  • 19
    • 0001404882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The big five personality traits and the life course: A 45-year longitudinal study
    • Soldz S, Vaillant GE: The Big Five personality traits and the life course: A 45-year longitudinal study. J Res Pers 1999; 33: 208-232.
    • (1999) J Res Pers , vol.33 , pp. 208-232
    • Soldz, S.1    Vaillant, G.E.2
  • 20
    • 77956506330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking big' personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A metaanalysis
    • Kotov R, Gamez W, Schmidt F, Watson D: Linking 'big' personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A metaanalysis. Psychol Bull 2010; 136: 768.
    • (2010) Psychol Bull , vol.136 , pp. 768
    • Kotov, R.1    Gamez, W.2    Schmidt, F.3    Watson, D.4
  • 22
    • 1942502340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and the five-factor model of personality
    • Terracciano A, Costa PT Jr: Smoking and the Five-Factor Model of personality. Addiction 2004; 99: 472-481.
    • (2004) Addiction , vol.99 , pp. 472-481
    • Terracciano, A.1    Costa Jr., P.T.2
  • 23
    • 0035171294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IQ and personality traits assessed in childhood as predictors of drinking and smoking behaviour in middle-aged adults: A 24-year followup study
    • Kubicka L, Matejcek Z, Dytrych Z, Roth Z: IQ and personality traits assessed in childhood as predictors of drinking and smoking behaviour in middle-aged adults: A 24-year followup study. Addiction 2001; 96: 1615-1628.
    • (2001) Addiction , vol.96 , pp. 1615-1628
    • Kubicka, L.1    Matejcek, Z.2    Dytrych, Z.3    Roth, Z.4
  • 27
    • 34247124725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internet addiction among chinese adolescents: Prevalence and psychological features
    • Cao F, Su L: Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: Prevalence and psychological features. Child Care Health Dev 2006; 33: 275-281.
    • (2006) Child Care Health Dev , vol.33 , pp. 275-281
    • Cao, F.1    Su, L.2
  • 28
    • 33747793972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of internet addicts and non-addicts in taiwanese high school
    • Yang SC, Tung C-J: Comparison of Internet addicts and non-addicts in Taiwanese high school. Comput Human Behav 2007; 23: 79-96.
    • (2007) Comput Human Behav , vol.23 , pp. 79-96
    • Yang, S.C.1    Tung, C.-J.2
  • 29
    • 33847637645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tridimensional personality of adolescents with internet addiction and substance use experience
    • Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen C-C, Chen SH, Wu KW, Yen C-F: Tridimensional personality of adolescents with internet addiction and substance use experience. Can J Psychiatry 2006; 51: 887-894.
    • (2006) Can J Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 887-894
    • Ko, C.-H.1    Yen, J.-Y.2    Chen, C.-C.3    Chen, S.H.4    Wu, K.W.5    Yen, C.-F.6
  • 30
    • 77956189171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low selfdirectedness is a better predictor for problematic internet use than high neuroticism
    • Montag C, Jurkiewicz M, Reuter M: Low selfdirectedness is a better predictor for problematic internet use than high neuroticism. Comput Human Behav 2010; 26: 1531-1535.
    • (2010) Comput Human Behav , vol.26 , pp. 1531-1535
    • Montag, C.1    Jurkiewicz, M.2    Reuter, M.3
  • 31
    • 84873864754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internet addiction in students: Prevalence and risk factors
    • Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Binder JF: Internet addiction in students: Prevalence and risk factors. Comput Human Behav 2013; 29: 959-966.
    • (2013) Comput Human Behav , vol.29 , pp. 959-966
    • Kuss, D.J.1    Griffiths, M.D.2    Binder, J.F.3
  • 32
    • 78449304039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial causes and consequences of pathological gaming
    • Lemmens JS, Valkenburg PM, Peter J: Psychosocial causes and consequences of pathological gaming. Comput Human Behav 2011; 27: 144-152.
    • (2011) Comput Human Behav , vol.27 , pp. 144-152
    • Lemmens, J.S.1    Valkenburg, P.M.2    Peter, J.3
  • 33
    • 84898889051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks of developing internet addictive behaviors: Scope and extent of internet sites used
    • in Tsitsika A, Critselis E, Janikian M (eds in press
    • M?ller KW, W?lfling K, Dreier M: Risks of developing internet addictive behaviors: Scope and extent of internet sites used; in Tsitsika A, Critselis E, Janikian M (eds): Internet Addictive Behaviors in European Adolescents, in press.
    • Internet Addictive Behaviors in European Adolescents
    • Mller, K.W.1    Wlfling, K.2    Dreier, M.3
  • 34
    • 0036721823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: Development of a theory based cognitive behavioral measurement instrument
    • Caplan SE: Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: Development of a theory based cognitive behavioral measurement instrument. Comput Human Behav 2002; 18: 553-575.
    • (2002) Comput Human Behav , vol.18 , pp. 553-575
    • Caplan, S.E.1
  • 35
    • 59049103179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a comprehensive theory of problematic internet use: Evaluating the role of self-esteem, anxiety, flow, and the self-related importance of internet activities
    • Kim H-K, Davies KE: Toward a comprehensive theory of problematic internet use: Evaluating the role of self-esteem, anxiety, flow, and the self-related importance of internet activities. Comput Human Behav 2009; 25: 490-500.
    • (2009) Comput Human Behav , vol.25 , pp. 490-500
    • Kim, H.-K.1    Davies, K.E.2
  • 36
    • 0024383570 scopus 로고
    • Extraversion in pathological gamblers Correlates with indexes of noradrenergic function
    • Roy A, De Jong J, Linnoila M: Extraversion in pathological gamblers. Correlates with indexes of noradrenergic function. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 679-681.
    • (1989) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 679-681
    • Roy, A.1    De Jong, J.2    Linnoila, M.3
  • 37
    • 79956097846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability and validity of the scale for the assessment of pathological computer-gaming (csv-s) (german)
    • W?lfling K, M?ller KW, Beutel ME: Reliability and validity of the Scale for the Assessment of Pathological Computer-Gaming (CSV-S) (in German). Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2011; 61: 216-224.
    • (2011) Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol , vol.61 , pp. 216-224
    • Wlfling, K.1    Mller, K.W.2    Beutel, M.E.3
  • 38
    • 14644431708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical interpersonal relationships and social anxiety among online game players
    • Lo S, Wang C, Fang W: Physical interpersonal relationships and social anxiety among online game players. Cyberpsychol Behav 2005; 8: 15-20.
    • (2005) Cyberpsychol Behav , vol.8 , pp. 15-20
    • Lo, S.1    Wang, C.2    Fang, W.3
  • 40
    • 76449083602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between internet overuse in middle school students in shanghai and time management disposition
    • Jiang W, Du Y: The relationship between Internet overuse in middle school students in Shanghai and time management disposition. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry 2006; 18: 129-133.
    • (2006) Shanghai Arch Psychiatry , vol.18 , pp. 129-133
    • Jiang, W.1    Du, Y.2
  • 41
    • 40849124244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality traits
    • Kim EJ, Namkoong K, Ku T, Kim SJ: The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality traits. Eur Psychiatry 2008; 23: 212-218.
    • (2008) Eur Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 212-218
    • Kim, E.J.1    Namkoong, K.2    Ku, T.3    Kim, S.J.4
  • 42
    • 21144478044 scopus 로고
    • Personality stability and change in early adulthood: A behavioral genetic analysis
    • McGue M, Bacon S, Lykken DT: Personality stability and change in early adulthood: A behavioral genetic analysis. Dev Psychol 1993; 29: 96-109.
    • (1993) Dev Psychol , vol.29 , pp. 96-109
    • McGue, M.1    Bacon, S.2    Lykken, D.T.3
  • 43
    • 85047682555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The kids are alright: Growth and stability in personality development from adolescence to adulthood
    • Roberts BW, Caspi A, Moffitt TE: The kids are alright: Growth and stability in personality development from adolescence to adulthood. J Pers Soc Psychol 2001; 81: 670-683.
    • (2001) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.81 , pp. 670-683
    • Roberts, B.W.1    Caspi, A.2    Moffitt, T.E.3
  • 44
    • 84880116949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of a standardized clinical interview to assess internet addiction: First findings regarding the usefulness of AICA-C
    • W?lfling K, Beutel ME, M?ller KW: Construction of a standardized clinical interview to assess internet addiction: First findings regarding the usefulness of AICA-C. J Addict Res Ther 2012;S6: 003.
    • (2012) J Addict Res Ther , vol.S6 , pp. 003
    • Wlfling, K.1    Beutel, M.E.2    Mller, K.W.3
  • 46
    • 0036245767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling
    • Blaszczynski A, Nower A: A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling. Addiction 2002; 97: 487-499.
    • (2002) Addiction , vol.97 , pp. 487-499
    • Blaszczynski, A.1    Nower, A.2
  • 47
    • 0037555529 scopus 로고
    • Revised neo personality inventory (neo-pi-r) and neo five-factor inventory (neo-ffi): Professional manual
    • Costa PT Jr, McCrae RR: Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional Manual. Odessa, Psychological Assessment Resources, 1992.
    • (1992) Odessa Psychological Assessment Resources
    • Costa Jr., P.T.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 48
    • 0002070508 scopus 로고
    • A questionnaire for assessing five robust personality factors
    • Borkenau P, Ostendorf F: A questionnaire for assessing five robust personality factors. Diagnostica 1991; 37: 29-41.
    • (1991) Diagnostica , vol.37 , pp. 29-41
    • Borkenau, P.1    Ostendorf, F.2
  • 50
    • 33746916765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health status and the five-factor personality traits in a nationally representative sample
    • Goodwin RD, Friedman HS: Health status and the five-factor personality traits in a nationally representative sample. J Health Psychol 2006; 11: 643-654.
    • (2006) J Health Psychol , vol.11 , pp. 643-654
    • Goodwin, R.D.1    Friedman, H.S.2
  • 51
    • 84857729334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-occurrence of addictive behaviours: Personality factors related to substance use, gambling and computer gaming
    • Walther B, Morgenstern M, Hanewinkel R: Co-occurrence of addictive behaviours: Personality factors related to substance use, gambling and computer gaming. Eur Addict Res 2012; 18: 167-174.
    • (2012) Eur Addict Res , vol.18 , pp. 167-174
    • Walther, B.1    Morgenstern, M.2    Hanewinkel, R.3
  • 52
    • 0031092425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligence, personality, and interests: Evidence for overlapping traits
    • Ackerman PL, Heggestad ED: Intelligence, personality, and interests: Evidence for overlapping traits. Psychol Bull 1997; 121: 219-245.
    • (1997) Psychol Bull , vol.121 , pp. 219-245
    • Ackerman, P.L.1    Heggestad, E.D.2
  • 53
    • 67650082523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: The role of emotional intelligence
    • Beranuy M, Oberst U, Carbonell X, Chamarro A: Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: The role of emotional intelligence. Comput Human Behav 2009; 25: 1182-1187.
    • (2009) Comput Human Behav , vol.25 , pp. 1182-1187
    • Beranuy, M.1    Oberst, U.2    Carbonell, X.3    Chamarro, A.4
  • 54
    • 43649105238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem gambling in adolescence: Relationships with Internet misuse, gaming abuse and emotional intelligence
    • Parker JDA, Taylor RN, Eastabrook JM, Schell SL, Wood LM: Problem gambling in adolescence: Relationships with Internet misuse, gaming abuse and emotional intelligence. Pers Indiv Differ 2008; 45: 174-180.
    • (2008) Pers Indiv Differ , vol.45 , pp. 174-180
    • Jda, P.1    Taylor, R.N.2    Eastabrook, J.M.3    Schell, S.L.4    Wood, L.M.5
  • 55
    • 80053225023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stability and change of personality across the life course: The impact of age and major life events on mean-level and rank-order stability of the Big Five
    • Specht J, Egloff B, Schmukle SC: Stability and change of personality across the life course: The impact of age and major life events on mean-level and rank-order stability of the Big Five. J Pers Soc Psychol 2011; 101: 862-882.
    • (2011) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.101 , pp. 862-882
    • Specht, J.1    Egloff, B.2    Schmukle, S.C.3
  • 56
    • 84856757867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between personality change and the onset and course of alcohol dependence in young adulthood
    • Hicks BM, Durbin CE, Blonigen DM, Iacono WG, McGue M: Relationship between personality change and the onset and course of alcohol dependence in young adulthood. Addiction 2011; 107: 540-548.
    • (2011) Addiction , vol.107 , pp. 540-548
    • Hicks, B.M.1    Durbin, C.E.2    Blonigen, D.M.3    Iacono, W.G.4    McGue, M.5
  • 57
    • 8644270669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality traits and fear response to print advertisements: Theory and an empirical study
    • Mowen JC, Harris EG, Bone SA: Personality traits and fear response to print advertisements: Theory and an empirical study. Psychol Market 2004; 21: 927-943.
    • (2004) Psychol Market , vol.21 , pp. 927-943
    • Mowen, J.C.1    Harris, E.G.2    Bone, S.A.3
  • 58
    • 84859050917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The moderating effect of personality traits on attitudes toward advertisements: A contingency framework
    • Myers SD, Sen S, Alexandrov A: The moderating effect of personality traits on attitudes toward advertisements: A contingency framework. Management and Marketing 2010; 5: 3-20.
    • (2010) Management and Marketing , vol.5 , pp. 3-20
    • Myers, S.D.1    Sen, S.2    Alexandrov, A.3
  • 59
    • 33746891158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should addictive disorders include nonsubstancerelated conditions
    • Potenza MN: Should addictive disorders include nonsubstancerelated conditions Addiction 2006; 101: 142-151.
    • (2006) Addiction , vol.101 , pp. 142-151
    • Potenza, M.N.1
  • 60
    • 77949280009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared brain vulnerabilities open the way for nonsubstance addictions: Carving addiction at a new joint
    • Frascella J, Potenza MN, Brown LL, Childress AR: Shared brain vulnerabilities open the way for nonsubstance addictions: Carving addiction at a new joint Ann NY Acad Sci 2010; 1187: 294-315.
    • (2010) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1187 , pp. 294-315
    • Frascella, J.1    Potenza, M.N.2    Brown, L.L.3    Childress, A.R.4
  • 61


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.