'We Can All Just Get on a Bus and Go': Rethinking Independent Mobility in the Context of the Universal Provision of Free Bus Travel to Young Londoners

Mobilities

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 275-293

  Goodman, Anna ^a   Jones, Alasdair ^a,b   Roberts, Helen ^c   Steinbach, Rebecca ^a   Green, Judith ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HERTFORDSHIRE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Bus; Children; Free travel; Independent mobility; London

Indexed keywords

BUS TRANSPORT; MOBILITY; TRAVEL BEHAVIOR; YOUNG POPULATION;

ENGLAND; LONDON [ENGLAND]; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 84898713283     PISSN: 17450101     EISSN: 1745011X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17450101.2013.782848     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Barker, J. 2009. "'Driven to Distraction?' Children's Experiences of Car Travel." Mobilities 4: 59-76.
2. Barker, J., P. Kraftl, J. Horton, and F. Tucker. 2009. "The Road Less Travelled - New Directions in Children's and Young People's Mobility." Mobilities 4: 1-10.
3. Bull, M. 2005. "No Dead Air! The iPod and the Culture of Mobile Listening." Leisure Studies 24: 343-355.
4. Cass, N., E. Shove, and J. Urry. 2005. "Social Exclusion, Mobility and Access." Sociological Review 53: 539-555.
5. Christensen, P., and M. O'Brien, eds. 2003. Children in the City: Home, Neighbourhood and Community. London: RoutledgeFalmer.
6. Education Act, 1996; 2006. Section 509. Provision of transport etc. Accessed March 11, 2013. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/56/section/509.
7. Fotel, T., and T. U. Thomsen. 2004. "The Surveillance of Children's Mobility." Surveillance and Society 1: 535-554.
8. Goldstein, J. 1999. "Emergence as a Construct: History and Issues." Emergence: Complexity and Organization 1: 49-72.
9. Gore, C. 1995. "Introduction: Markets, Citizenship and Social Exclusion." In Social Exclusion: Rhetoric, Reality, Responses, edited by R. Gerry, G. Charles and J. Figueiredo, 1-42. Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
10. Green, J., A. Jones, and H. Roberts. (in press). "More than A to B: The Role of Free Bus Travel for the Mobility and Wellbeing of Older Citizens in London." Ageing and Society. doi: 10.1017/S0144686X12001110
11. Green, J., R. Steinbach, A. Jones, P. Edwards, C. Kelly, J. Nellthorp, A. Goodman, H. Roberts, M. Petticrew, and P. Wilkinsons. (in press). "On the Buses: Evaluating the Impact of Free Bus Travel for Young People on the Public Health." Public Health Research.
12. Harden, J. 2000. "'There's no Place Like Home'. The Public/Private Distinction in Children's Theorizing of Risk and Safety." Childhood 7: 43-59.
13. Hillman, M., J. Adams, and D. Whitelegg. 1990. One False Move.. A Study of Children's Independent Mobility. London: Policy Studies Institute.
14. Hiscock, R., S. Macintyre, A. Kearns, and A. Ellaway. 2002. "Means of Transport and Ontological Security: Do Cars Provide Psycho-Social Benefits to Their Users?" Transportation Research Part D - Transport and Environment 7: 119-135.
15. Jones, A., R. Steinbach, H. Roberts, A. Goodman, and J. Green. 2012. "Rethinking Passive Transport: Bus Fare Exemptions and Young People's Health." Health and Place 18: 605-612.
16. Kaufmann, V. 2002. Re-thinking Mobility. Aldershot: Ashgate.
17. Kaufmann, V., M. M. Bergman, and D. Joye. 2004. "Motility: Mobility as Capital." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 28: 745-756.
18. Kearns, R., and D. Collins. 2003. "Crossing Roads, Crossing Boundaries: Autonomy, Authority and Risk in a Child Pedestrian Safety Initiative." Space and Polity 7: 193-212.
19. Kellerman, A. 2012. "Potential Mobilities." Mobilities 7: 171-183.
20. Kenyon, S., J. Rafferty, and G. Lyons. 2003. "Social Exclusion and Transport in the UK: A Role for Virtual Accessibility in the Alleviation of Mobility-Related Social Exclusion?" Journal of Social Policy 32: 317-338.
21. Kytta, M. 2004. "The Extent of Children's Independent Mobility and the Number of Acutalised Affordances as Criteria for Child-Friendly Environments." Journal of Environmental Psychology 24: 179-198.
22. Markovich, J., and K. Lucas. 2011. The Social and Distributional Impacts of Transport: A Literature Review. Oxford: Transport Studies Unit, School of Geography and the Environment.
23. Matthews, M., and F. Tucker. 2006. "On the Other Side of the Tracks: The Psychogeographies and Everyday Lives of Rural Teenagers in the UK." In Children and their Environments: Learning, Using and Designing Spaces, edited by C. Spencer and M. Blades. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
24. Mikkelsen, M. R., and P. Christensen. 2009. "Is Children's Independent Mobility Really Independent? A Study of Children's Mobility Combining Ethnography and GPS/Mobile Phone Technologies." Mobilities 4: 37-58.
25. Milne, S. 2009. "Moving into and Through the Public World: Children's Perspectives on their Encounters with Adults." Mobilities 4: 103-118.
26. O'Brien, M., D. Jones, and S. Smidt. 2000. "Children's Independent Spatial Mobility in the Urban Public Realm." Childhood 7: 257-277.
27. Page, A. S., A. R. Cooper, P. Griew, L. Davis, and M. Hillsdon. 2009. "Independent Mobility in Relation to Weekday and Weekend Physical Activity in Children Aged 10-11 Years: The PEACH Project." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 6: 2.
28. Prezza, M., F. R. Alparone, D. Renzi, and A. Pietrobono. 2010. "Social Participation and Independent Mobility in Children: The Effects of Two Implementations of "We Go To School Alone"." Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community 38: 8-25.
29. Prezza, M., and M. G. Pacilli. 2007. "Current Fear of Crime, Sense of Community, and Loneliness in Italian Adolescents: The Role of Autonomous Mobility and Play During Childhood." Journal of Community Psychology 35: 151-170.
30. Sager, T. 2006. "Freedom as Mobility: Implications of the Distinction Between Actual and Potential Travelling." Mobilities 1: 465-488.
31. Schivelbusch, W. 1979. The Railway Journey: Trains and Travel in the 19th Century. Oxford: Blackwell.
32. Scott, S., S. Jackson, and K. Backett-Millburn. 1998. "Swings and Roundabouts: Risk Anxiety and the Everyday Worlds of Children." Sociology 32: 689-705.
33. Sen, A. K. 1995. "The Political Economy of Targeting." In Public Spending and the Poor, edited by D. Van De Walle and K. Nead, 11-24. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press.
34. Sen, A. K. 2000. Social Exclusion: Concept, Application, and Scrutiny. Manila: Asian Development Bank, Office of Environment and Social Development.
35. Sen, A. K. 2002. Rationality and Freedom. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
36. Shaw, B., B. Watson, B. Frauendienst, A. Redecker, T. Jones, and M. Hillman. 2013. Children's Independent Mobility: A Comparative Study in England and Germany (1971-2010). London: Policy Studies Institute.
37. Social Exclusion Unit. 2003. Making the Connections: Final Report on Transport and Social Exclusion. London: Office of the Deputy Prime Minister.
38. Strauss, A. 1987. Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
39. Symes, C. 2007. "Coaching and Training: An Ethnography of Student Commuting on Sydney's Suburban Trains." Mobilities 2: 443-461.
40. Transport for London. 2006. Transport for London News. London: Transport for London.
41. Transport for London. 2007a. 11-15 Zip Oyster Photocard. Accessed March 11, 2013. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/termsandconditions/5805.aspx.
42. Transport for London. 2007b. Pan-TfL Developments: Fares and Ticketing, Free Travel For Children. Accessed August 11, 2012. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/investorrelations/4427.aspx.
43. Transport for London. 2010. Young Persons Behaviour Code. Accessed March 11, 2013. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tickets/14435.aspx.
44. UK Youth Parliament, 2012. National Campaign! Public Transport: Cheaper, Better, Accessible. Accessed August 11, 2012. http://www.ukyouthparliament.org.uk/campaign/public-transport-cheaper-accessible/.
45. Ureta, S. 2008. "To Move or Not to Move? Social Exclusion, Accessibility and Daily Mobility among the Low-income Population in Santiago, Chile." Mobilities 3: 269-289.
46. Whitzman, C., V. Romero, M. Duncan, C. Curtis, P. Tranter, and M. Burke. 2010. "Links Between Children's Independent Mobility, Active Transport, Physical Activity and Obesity." In Preventing Childhood Obesity: Evidence, Policy and Practice, edited by E. Waters, B. Swinburn, J. Seidell and R. Uauy. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
47. Wilkinson, P., P. Edwards, R. Steinbach, M. Petticrew, A. Goodman, A. Jones, H. Roberts, C. Kelly, J. Nellthorp, and J. Green. 2011. The Health Impact of Free Bus Travel for Young People in London: Protocol for an Observational Study. Occasional Papers in Transport and Health (2). London: LSHTM. ISBN 978 0 902657 83 6.
48. Zeiher, H. 2003. "Shaping Daily Life in Urban Environments." In Children in the City: Home, Neighbourhood and Community, edited by P. Christensen and M. O'Brien. London: RoutledgeFalmer.