What were they thinking?: Crisis communication -The good, the bad, and the totally clueless

What Were They Thinking?: Crisis Communication -The Good, The Bad, and The Totally Clueless

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-263

  Adubato, Steve ^a  

^a Stand and Deliver ^*  (United States)

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EID: 84898256792     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (193)

1. Kathleen Fearn-Banks, Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 2006), 93.
2. Sean Kelly, "Exxon Quits Conservation Group Claiming Unfairness in Alaska Oil Spill, " Washington Post, October 28, 1989, A3, http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=73907419&sid=2&Fmt=3&clientId= 3470&RQT=309&VName=PQD;.
3. Ken Wells and Charles McCoy, "Out of Control: How Unpreparedness Turned the Alaska Spill into Ecological Debacle, " Wall Street Journal, April 3, 1989, 1, http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=27474061&sid=1&Fmt= 3&clientId=3470&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
4. Wells and McCoy, "Out of Control, " 1.
5. John Holusha, "Public-Relations Problem: Experts See Failings in Handling of Spill, " New York Times, April 21, 1989, D1, http://selectnytimes.com/search/restricted/article?res=FA0710FB3B550C728EDDAD08.
6. John Holusha, "Public-Relations Problem: Experts See Failings in Handling of Spill, " New York Times, 1989, D1, http://selectnytimes.com/ search/restricted/article?res=FA0710FB3B550C728EDDAD08. Ibid.
7. James Lukaszewski, "Exxon Valdez: The Great Crisis Management Paradox, " E911.com, 1993, http:/www.e911.com/monos/m008.html.
8. Natalie Phillips, "Former Exxon Chief Revises Story on Spill, " Washington Post, May 21, 1994, A3, http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did= 72247487&sid=1&Fmt=3&clientId=3470&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
9. Wells and McCoy, "Out of Control, " 1.
10. Thomas Zambito, "Former Coach Backs Knicks' Accuser's Claims, " New York Daily News, September 18, 2007, http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/ basketball/knicks/2007/09/18/2007-09-18-former-coach-backs-knicks-accusers- claim.html.
11. Katie Cornell, "Witness: Thomas Accuser Was Nearly Fired, " New York Post, September 19, 2007, https://www.nypost.com/seven/09192007/news/ regionalnews/dolan-just-fired-away.ht.
12. Christina Boyle, "Dolan's Other 'Frat' House: He Ran Cablevision Like a Wild Child, Say Former Employees, " New York Daily News, September 23, 2007, 7.
13. Jane Ridley, "James Dolan's Indifference Shows Anything Goes at MSG, " New York Daily News, September 19, 2007, http://www.nydailynews.com/ sports/basketball/knicks/2007/09/19/2007-09-19-james-dolans-indifference-shows- anything.html.
14. Boyle, "Dolan's Other 'Frat' House, " 7.
15. Thomas Zambito and Corky Siemaszko. "Sleaze Play in Stephon Marbury's Back Seat, " New York Daily News, September 13, 2007, 5.
16. Ridley, "James Dolan's Indifference Shows Anything Goes at MSG.".
17. Andrea Peyser, "Please End This Game of Ugly Ball, " New York Post, September 19, 2007, 5.
18. Howard Kurtz, "Was the Media's Credibility Buried?" Washington Post, January 9, 2006, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/ 2006/01/08/AR2006010801225-pf.html.
19. Marisa Guthrie, "Mother Lode of Misinformation, " New York Daily News, January 5, 2006, 75.
20. John McLaughlin, "Shaking the Cathedral." Star-Ledger, June 24, 1993, 25.
21. "Clergy Child Molesters." ncrnews.org, n.d., http://www.multiline.com.au/~johnm/ethics/ethicscontents.htm.
22. Jason Berry, "The Bishop and the Boy, " Rolling Stone, June 20, 2002, http://www.bishop-accountability.org/news/2002-06-20-Berry-ThePriest.htm.
23. Denise Noe, "Pedophile Priest: The Crimes of Father Geoghan, " Crime Magazine, Dec. 1, 2003, http://crimemagazine.com/03/geoghan, 1201.htm.
24. Andrew Greeley, "Priestly Silence on Pedophilia, " New York Times, March 13, 1992, http://www.bishop-accountability.org/resources/resource- files/timeline/1992-03-13-Greeley-Priestly%20Silence.htm.
25. Rorie Sherman, "Legal Spotlight on Priests Who Are Pedophiles, " National Journal, April 4, 1988, 30.
26. "White House Under Fire over Cheney Shooting: Texas Ranch Owner Revealed Story to Media Nearly a Day after Incident, " MSNBC.com, February 13, 2006, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11312757/.
27. "White House Shoots Foot, " NYtimes.com, February 14, 2006, http://www.commondreams.org/views06/0214-26.htm.
28. "White House Shoots Foot, " NYtimes.com, 2006, http://www.commondreams.org/views06/0214-26.htm. Ibid.
29. David Sanger. "Political Memo; Handling of Accident Creates Tension between White House Staffs, " New York Times, February 15, 2006, A18.
30. "Controversy Swirls Around Cheney. Reid: Delay in Information Shows 'Secret Nature' of Administration, " CBSnews.com, February 15, 2006, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/02/14/national/main1313525.shtml.
31. Sanger, "Political Memo, " A18.
32. "Cheney: 'One of the Worst Days of My Life'; Vice President Defends Handling of Hunting Accident, " CNN.com, February 16, 2006, http://www.cnn.com/2006politics/02/15/cheney/index.html.
33. Mark Barabak, "Dick Cheney's Quail Hunting Shot an Indelible Scene, Analysts Say, " SFGate.com, February 26, 2006, http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/ article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/02/26/MNGEEHCNJ41.DTL.
34. Mark Barabak, "Dick Cheney's Quail Hunting Shot an Indelible Scene, Analysts Say, " SFGate.com, 2006, http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi? file=/c/a/2006/02/26/MNGEEHCNJ41.DTL. Ibid.
35. Bernard Lefkowitz, Our Guys (New York: Vintage Books, 1998), 4.
36. Bernard Lefkowitz, Our Guys, 1998, Ibid., 30.
37. Bernard Lefkowitz, Our Guys, 1998, Ibid., 272.
38. "Tillman Killed in Afghanistan: Former Cardinals Safety Walked Away from NFL to Join Army Rangers, " CNN.com, April 23, 2004, http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/football/nfl/04/23/tillman.killed/index. html.
39. "Tillman Killed in Afghanistan: Former Cardinals Safety Walked Away from NFL to Join Army Rangers, " CNN.com, 2004, http://sportsillustrated. cnn.com/2004/football/nfl/04/23/tillman.killed/index.html. Ibid.
40. "Tillman Killed in Afghanistan: Former Cardinals Safety Walked Away from NFL to Join Army Rangers, " CNN.com, 2004, http://sportsillustrated. cnn.com/2004/football/nfl/04/23/tillman.killed/index.html. Ibid.
41. "Tillman Killed in Afghanistan: Former Cardinals Safety Walked Away from NFL to Join Army Rangers, " CNN.com, 2004, http://sportsillustrated. cnn.com/2004/football/nfl/04/23/tillman.killed/index.html. Ibid.
42. Scott Lindlaw and Martha Mendoza, "General Admitted Doubt on Tillman: But He Cleared Enemy Fire Story, " Washington Post, August 4, 2007, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/03/ AR2007080301868.html.
43. Scott Lindlaw and Martha Mendoza, "General Admitted Doubt on Tillman: But He Cleared Enemy Fire Story, " Washington Post, 2007, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/03/AR2007080301868. html.Ibid.
44. Steve Coll, "Barrage of Bullets Drowned Out Cries of Comrades, " Washington Post. December 5, 2004, A01.
45. Steve Coll, "Barrage of Bullets Drowned Out Cries of Comrades, " Washington Post. 2004, A01. Ibid.
46. "Soldier: Army Ordered Me Not to Tell the Truth about Tillman, " CNN.com, April 25, 2007, http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/04/24/tillman. hearing/index.html.
47. "Soldier: Army Ordered Me Not to Tell the Truth about Tillman, " CNN.com, 2007, http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/04/24/tillman.hearing/ index.html. Ibid.
48. Erica Werner, "Rumsfeld: No Cover-Up in Tillman Death, " Time.com, August 2, 2007, http://www.Time.com/time/printout/0, 8816, 1648848, 00.html.
49. Erica Werner, "Rumsfeld: No Cover-Up in Tillman Death, " Time.com, August 2, 2007, http://www.Time.com/time/printout/0, 8816, 1648848, 00.html. Ibid.
50. Erica Werner, "Rumsfeld: No Cover-Up in Tillman Death, " Time.com, August 2, 2007, http://www.Time.com/time/printout/0, 8816, 1648848, 00.html. Ibid.
51. Erica Werner, "Rumsfeld: No Cover-Up in Tillman Death, " Time.com, August 2, 2007, http://www.Time.com/time/printout/0, 8816, 1648848, 00.html. Ibid.
52. Erica Werner, "Rumsfeld: No Cover-Up in Tillman Death, " Time.com, August 2, 2007, http://www.Time.com/time/printout/0, 8816, 1648848, 00.html. Ibid.
53. Kathy Gill, "The Pat Tillman Story, " About.com, September 28, 2005, http://uspolitics.about.com/b/a/206237.htm?terms= The+Pat%20Tillman%20story.
54. "Soldier: Army Ordered Me Not to Tell the Truth about Tillman, " CNN.com.
55. Gill, "The Pat Tillman Story.".
56. Werner, "Rumsfeld: No Cover-Up in Tillman Death.".
57. Andrew Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani: Emperor of the City: The Story of America's Mayor (New York: Harper Paperbacks, 2001), 293.
58. Wayne Barret and Dan Collins, Grand Illusion: The Untold Story of Rudy Giuliani and 9/11 (New York: Harper Paperbacks, 2007), 14-15.
59. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani, 301, 302.
60. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani, 301, Ibid., 303.
61. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani, 301, Ibid., 304.
62. Nancy Gibbs, "Rudy Giuliani, Mayor of the World, is TIME's 2001 Person of the Year, " Time.com, December 31, 2001, http://www.time.com/ time/magazine/article/0, 10987, 1001567, 00.html.
63. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani: Emperor of the City, 305.
64. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani: Emperor of the City, Ibid., 260.
65. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani: Emperor of the City, Ibid., 261.
66. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani: Emperor of the City, Ibid., 267.
67. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani: Emperor of the City, Ibid., 306.
68. Kirtzman, Rudy Giuliani: Emperor of the City, Ibid., 304.
69. Barret and Collins, Grand Illusion: The Untold Story of Rudy Giuliani and 9/11, 24.
70. Barret and Collins, Grand Illusion: The Untold Story of Rudy Giuliani and 9/11, Ibid., 25.
71. David Saltonstall, "Whitman Piles Blame on Rudy, " New York Daily News, September 8, 2006, 6-7.
72. David Saltonstall, "Whitman Piles Blame on Rudy, " New York Daily News, 2006, 6-7. Ibid.
73. David Saltonstall, "Whitman Piles Blame on Rudy, " New York Daily News, 2006, 6-7. Ibid.
74. David Saltonstall, "Whitman Piles Blame on Rudy, " New York Daily News, 2006, 6-7. Ibid.
75. David Saltonstall, "Whitman Piles Blame on Rudy, " New York Daily News, 2006, 6-7. Ibid.
76. Jane Kay, "9.11.01: Two Years Later Ground Zero Air Quality Was 'Brutal' for Months: UC Davis Scientist Concurs that EPA Reports Misled the Public, " San Francisco Chronicle, September 9, 2003, http://sfgate.com/ cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/09/10/MN266317.DTL.
77. Jane Kay, "9.11.01: Two Years Later Ground Zero Air Quality Was 'Brutal' for Months: UC Davis Scientist Concurs that EPA Reports Misled the Public, " San Francisco Chronicle, September 9, 2003, http://sfgate.com/ cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/09/10/MN266317.DTL.Ibid.
78. Jane Kay, "9.11.01: Two Years Later Ground Zero Air Quality Was 'Brutal' for Months: UC Davis Scientist Concurs that EPA Reports Misled the Public, " San Francisco Chronicle, September 9, 2003, http://sfgate.com/ cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/09/10/MN266317.DTL.Ibid.
79. "The Dust at Ground Zero-Katie Couric Reports How It Affected Ground Zero First Responders, " 60 Minutes. CBS News, September 10, 2006, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/09/07/60minutes/main1982332-page2.shtml.
80. "The Dust at Ground Zero-Katie Couric Reports How It Affected Ground Zero First Responders, " 60 Minutes. CBS News, 2006, http://www.cbsnews. com/stories/2006/09/07/60minutes/main1982332-page2.shtml. Ibid.
81. Juan Gonzalez, "Christie Won't Clear Air on Mess at Ground Zero, " New York Daily News, May 16, 2007, 14.
82. Juan Gonzalez, "Christie Won't Clear Air on Mess at Ground Zero, " New York Daily News, May 16, 2007, 14. Ibid.
83. Juan Gonzalez, "Christie Won't Clear Air on Mess at Ground Zero, " New York Daily News, May 16, 2007, 14. Ibid.
84. Juan Gonzalez, "Christie Won't Clear Air on Mess at Ground Zero, " New York Daily News, May 16, 2007, 14. Ibid.
85. "Cluck, Cluck, Cluck, Cluck, " New York Daily News, May 17, 2007, 26.
86. Juan Gonzalez, "Ex-EPA Head Finally Faces 9/11 Heat-Agrees to Congressional Hearing on WTC Air Quality, " New York Daily News, May 19, 2007, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2007/05/19/2007-05-19-exepa-head-finally- faces-911-heat.html.
87. Eric Battenberg, "What to Tell Employees? Communicating a Terrorist Threat, " The Public Relations Strategist, Fall 2004, 4.
88. Eric Battenberg, "What to Tell Employees? Communicating a Terrorist Threat, " The Public Relations Strategist, 2004, 4. Ibid.
89. "Terror Threat Info May Be Dated, " cbsnews.com, August 3, 2004, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/08/03/national/main633663.shtml.
90. Battenberg, "What to Tell Employees?" 4.
91. "Virginia Tech President Defends Security Response, " CNN.com, April 18, 2007, http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/04/17/campus.security/index.html? eref=rss-topstories.
92. "Tech's Response Questioned, " Roanoke Times, April 17, 2007, http://www.roanoke.com/vtshootingaccounts/wb/113341.
93. "University Alerted Students via E-mail, " CNN.com, April 16, 2007, http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/04/16/university.emails/index.html.
94. "University Alerted Students via E-mail, " CNN.com, 2007, http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/04/16/university.emails/index.html. Ibid.
95. "Tech's Response Questioned.".
96. Bruce Blythe, "Virginia Tech Shootings: Crisis Magnifies the Significance of Small Weaknesses, " Crisis Management International, April 18, 2007, http://www.cmiatl.com/news-article73.html.
97. Bruce Blythe, "Virginia Tech Shootings: Crisis Magnifies the Significance of Small Weaknesses, " Crisis Management International, 2007, http://www.cmiatl.com/news-article73.html.Ibid.
98. "Tech's Response Questioned.".
99. Blythe, "Virginia Tech Shootings.".
100. Vincent Bove, "Virginia Tech Tragedy: A Crisis of Leadership, " The Sentinel, July 15, 2007, http://vincentbove.blogspot.com/2007/06/virginia- tech-tragedy-crisis-of-30.html.
101. Vincent Bove, "Virginia Tech Tragedy: A Crisis of Leadership, " The Sentinel, 2007, http://vincentbove.blogspot.com/2007/06/virginia-tech- tragedy-crisis-of-30.html.Ibid.
102. Ian Urbina, "Virginia Tech Criticized for Actions in Shooting, " New York Times, August 30, 2007, A1.
103. Brooks Barnes and Emily Steel and Sarah McBride, "Unhorsed Jockey-Behind the Fall of Imus, " Wall Street Journal, April 13, 2007, http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB117641076468168180- TfMzyqKQiK1gcJfwRly50NRZTEo-20080411.html.
104. Brooks Barnes and Emily Steel and Sarah McBride, "Unhorsed Jockey-Behind the Fall of Imus, " Wall Street Journal, 2007, http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB117641076468168180- TfMzyqKQiK1gcJfwRly50NRZTEo-20080411.html.Ibid.
105. David Carr, "The Media Equation: With Imus, They Keep Coming Back, " New York Times, April 9, 2007, http://select.nytimes.com/search/ restricted/article?res=FB0912F63F5B0C7A8CDDAD0894DF404482.
106. Barnes and Steel and McBride, "Unhorsed Jockey-Behind the Fall of Imus.".
107. Barnes and Steel and McBride, "Unhorsed Jockey-Behind the Fall of Imus.".Ibid.
108. Barnes and Steel and McBride, "Unhorsed Jockey-Behind the Fall of Imus.".Ibid.
109. Clem Price (Executive Producer), "Inside Trenton, " PBS Channel Thirteen/WNET, September 9, 2007.
110. "Richards Says Anger, Not Racism, Sparked Tirade, " MSNBC.com, November 22, 2006, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15816126/.
111. Tom Hester Jr., "N.J. Governor Releases Seat Belt Ad-New Jersey Governor's Seat Belt Warning for Memorial Day Weekend: 'I Should Be Dead, '" abcnews.com, May 24, 2007, http://www.abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id= 3207752.
112. Joe Donahue, "Corzine Ordered to Release His Katz Communication, " The Star-Ledger, August 4, 2007, 13.
113. "Katz Out of the Bag: Corzine's Ex Spilled the Beans, " New York Post, June 6, 2007, 1.
114. Cindy Adams, "Jon's Ex Tells All, " New York Post, June 6, 2007, 7.
115. Donahue, "Corzine Ordered to Release His Katz Communication, " 13.
116. Donahue, "Corzine Ordered to Release His Katz Communication, " 13. Ibid.
117. Steve Adubato, "Corzine Must Face the 'Katz Issue, '" Stand & Deliver, 2007, Stand-deliver.com/syndicated/2007/070524.asp.
118. Bob Meadows, Michelle York, and Diane Herbst, "Trapped on the Tarmac, " People, March 5, 2007, 71-72.
119. Jeff Bailey, "Long Delays Hurt Image of Jet Blue, " New York Times, February 17, 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/17/business/17air.html? ex=1329368400&en=3ae37894f1a0910a&ei=5090&partner= rssuserland&emc=rss.
120. Susan Todd and Joe Perone, "Humbled Jet Blue Picks Itself Up Off the Tarmac: A Week after Its Meltdown in Ice Storm, It Initiates a Program of Guarantees, " The Star-Ledger, February 21, 2007, 1.
121. Susan Todd and Joe Perone, "Humbled Jet Blue Picks Itself Up Off the Tarmac: A Week after Its Meltdown in Ice Storm, It Initiates a Program of Guarantees, " The Star-Ledger, 2007, 1. Ibid.
122. "The David Letterman Show, " CBS, transcribed by Broadcast Monitors, February 20, 2007.
123. Howard Kurtz, "O'Reilly, Accuser Air Their Cases: Fox News Channel Host Sees Career Threat in Harassment Suit, " Washington Post, October 15, 2004, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A34312-20040ct15.html.
124. Marvin Kitman, The Man Who Would Not Shut Up: The Rise of Bill O'Reilly (New York: St. Martin's Press, 2007), 252.
125. Jonathan Wald, "O'Reilly Harassment Charges Head to Court, " CNN.com, October 21, 2004, http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/10/20/oreilly.suit/index. html.
126. Jonathan Wald, "O'Reilly Harassment Charges Head to Court, " CNN.com, 2004, http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/10/20/oreilly.suit/index.html. Ibid.
127. Kurtz, "O'Reilly, Accuser Air Their Cases.".
128. "O'Reilly Hit with Sex Harass Suit, " The Smoking Gun, Oct. 13, 2006, http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/1013043mackris1.html.
129. "O'Reilly Hit with Sex Harass Suit, " The Smoking Gun, 2006, http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/1013043mackris1.html.Ibid.
130. Kurtz, "O'Reilly, Accuser Air Their Cases.".
131. Joe Hagan and Sheelah Kolhatkar, "Revolt of Fox's Hens, " New York Observer, Oct. 24, 2004, http://www.observer.com/node/49947.
132. Joe Hagan and Sheelah Kolhatkar, "Revolt of Fox's Hens, " New York Observer, 2004, http://www.observer.com/node/49947.Ibid.
133. Peter Johnson, "Media Mix: Lots of Ways to Spin the O'Reilly Story, " USA Today, Oct. 17, 2004, http://www.usatoday.com/life/columnist/ mediamix/2004-10-17-media-mix-x.htm.
134. Peter Johnson, "Media Mix: Lots of Ways to Spin the O'Reilly Story, " USA Today, 2004, http://www.usatoday.com/life/columnist/mediamix/2004-10- 17-media-mix-x.htm.Ibid.
135. Howard Kurtz, "Bill O'Reilly, Producer Settle Harassment Suit: Fox Host Agrees to Drop Extortion Claim, " Washington Post, October 29, 2004, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A7578-20040ct28.html.
136. Chris Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak-Calming Public Fears during Food-Borne Illness Scares, " Public Relations Society of America (PRSA), January 10, 2007, http://www.prsa.org/supportfiles/news/viewNews.cfm? pNewsID=789.
137. Chris Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak-Calming Public Fears during Food-Borne Illness Scares, " Public Relations Society of America (PRSA), 2007, http://www.prsa.org/supportfiles/news/viewNews.cfm?pNewsID=789. Ibid.
138. Chris Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak-Calming Public Fears during Food-Borne Illness Scares, " Public Relations Society of America (PRSA), 2007, http://www.prsa.org/supportfiles/news/viewNews.cfm?pNewsID=789. Ibid.
139. Chris Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak-Calming Public Fears during Food-Borne Illness Scares, " Public Relations Society of America (PRSA), 2007, http://www.prsa.org/supportfiles/news/viewNews.cfm?pNewsID=789. Ibid.
140. Joe Malinconico, "Slowly but Surely, Jersey Consumers Return to Taco Bell, " The Star-Ledger, December 29, 2006, 27.
141. Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak.".
142. Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak.".Ibid.
143. Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak.".Ibid.
144. Cobb, "The Taco Bell E. Coli Outbreak.".Ibid.
145. Nicholas Stix, "The Jayson Blair Case: At the New York Times, the Spin Cycle Never Ends, " Geocities.com, May 23, 2003, http://geocities.com/ nstix/blairi.html.
146. Nicholas Stix, "The Jayson Blair Case: At the New York Times, the Spin Cycle Never Ends, " Geocities.com, 2003, http://geocities.com/nstix/ blairi.html.Ibid.
147. Nicholas Stix, "The Jayson Blair Case: At the New York Times, the Spin Cycle Never Ends, " Geocities.com, 2003, http://geocities.com/nstix/ blairi.html.Ibid.
148. "New York Times: Reporter Routinely Faked Articles: Probe Alleges Made Up Quotes, Plagiarism in at Least 26 Stories, " CNN.com, May 11, 2003, http://www.cnn.com/2003/US/Northeast/05/10/ny.times.reporter/.
149. Eric Boehlert, "The Forbidden Truth about Jayson Blair, " Salon.com, May 15, 2003, http://dir.salon.com/story/news/feature/2003/05/15/ nytimes/index.html.
150. Stix, "The Jayson Blair Case.".
151. " New York Times: Reporter Routinely Faked Articles.".
152. Stix, "The Jayson Blair Case.".
153. Roger Clegg, "The Gray Lady and the Black Reporter: The Scandal behind the Scandal, " National Review, May 13, 2003, http://www. nationalreview.com/clegg/clegg051303.asp.
154. Boehlert, "The Forbidden Truth about Jayson Blair.".
155. Clegg, "The Gray Lady and the Black Reporter.".
156. Rose Arce and Shannon Troetel, "Top New York Times Editors Quit, " CNN.com, Mar. 1, 2004, http://www.cnn.com/2003/US/Northeast/06/05/ nytimes.resigns/.
157. Aaron Beard, "Duke Case Prosecutor Disbarred, " The Star-Ledger, June 17, 2007, 8.
158. "Nifong's Enablers." New York Post, June 19, 2007, 28.
159. "Nifong's Enablers." New York Post, 2007, 28. Ibid.
160. "Mike Nifong on Trial, " CNN Saturday Morning News Transcript, June 16, 2007, http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0706/16/smn.01.html.
161. Aaron Beard, "Judge: Disbarred D.A. Must Leave Now, " Washington- Post.com, June 19, 2007, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/ content/article/2007/06/18/AR2007061800771.html.
162. Aaron Beard, "President Says He's Sorry for Duke 'Mistake, '" The Record, September 30, 2007, A12.
163. Beard, "Duke Case Prosecutor Disbarred.".
164. Susan Filan, "Nifong's Punishment Is Extreme, Appropriate-Let This Case Serve as a Cautionary Tale to All Prosecutors Who Handle Cases Which Receive Media Attention, " MSNBC, June 17, 2007, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/ id/19275010.
165. Mandy Locke and Joseph Neff, "Nifong Says He'll Quit As District Attorney, " News & Observer, June 15, 2007, http://www.newsobserver. com/news/crime-safety/duke-lacrosse/nifong/story/605101.html.
166. Mandy Locke and Joseph Neff, "Nifong Says He'll Quit As District Attorney, " News & Observer, 2007, http://www.newsobserver.com/news/ crime-safety/duke-lacrosse/nifong/story/605101.html.Ibid.
167. Mandy Locke and Joseph Neff, "Nifong Says He'll Quit As District Attorney, " News & Observer, 2007, http://www.newsobserver.com/news/ crime-safety/duke-lacrosse/nifong/story/605101.html.Ibid.
168. Mandy Locke and Joseph Neff, "Nifong Says He'll Quit As District Attorney, " News & Observer, 2007, http://www.newsobserver.com/news/ crime-safety/duke-lacrosse/nifong/story/605101.html.Ibid.
169. Filan, "Nifong's Punishment Is Extreme, Appropriate.".
170. Duff Wilson, "Hearing Ends in Disbarment for Prosecutor in Duke Case, " New York Times, June 16, 2007, http://select.nytimes.com/search/ restricted/article?res=FA0612FF395B0C748DDDAF0894DF404482.
171. Filan, "Nifong's Punishment is Extreme, Appropriate.".
172. David Johnson, "House Democrats Push Gonzales, " New York Times, May 11, 2007, http://select.nytimes.com/search/restricted/article?res= F40E13F93F550C728DDDAC0894DF404482.
173. David Iglesias, " 'Cowboy up' Alberto Gonzales, " Los Angeles Times, May 23, 2007, http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/la-oeiglesias23may23, 0, 2188119.story?coll=la-opinion-center.
174. Pete Williams, "Gonzales: Firings Were Not Improper, " NBC News, May 27, 2007, www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17801927/print/1/displaymode/1098.
175. Izzy Povich (Executive Producer). Countdown with Keith Olbermann [television broadcast], Secaucus, NJ: MSNBC, Mar. 26, 2007.
176. "Witness for the Prosecutors, " New York Times, May 24, 2007, http://select.nytimes.com/search/restricted/article?res= FA0915FF3D540C778EDDAC0894DF404482.
177. Bob Costas and Roger Goodell (interview), Sunday Night Football, NBC, New York. September 16, 2007.
178. Bob Costas and Roger Goodell, Sunday Night Football, 2007. Ibid.
179. Eric McHugh, "His Legacy Is Suddenly in Danger, " The Patriot Ledger, September 14, 2007, http://www.patriotledger.com/articles/2007/09/14/ sports/sports01.txt.
180. Jon Saraceno, "Belichick Got His Due-But Was Due More, " USA Today, September 14, 2007, http://www.usatoday.com/sports/columnist/saraceno/ 2007-09-13-saraceno-col-N.htm.
181. Mark Fainaru-Wada and Lance Williams, "Bonds Exits Limelight, But Baseball's Steroid Headaches Go On, " San Francisco Chronicle, September 8, 2007, http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/09/08/MNOMS19MV. DTL&hw=Balco&sn=006&sc=433.
182. Joe Gergen, "Selig Is Aloof, Silent Witness to Bonds' 755th, " Newsday. com, Aug. 6, 2007, http://www.newsday.com/sports/columnists/ny- spgerg065322470aug06, 0, 2333066, print.column.
183. "Selig Likely to Miss Bonds' Next Three Games: Commissioner Will Send Representative in His Place; Giant Needs 1 for Record, " MSNBC.com, Aug. 6, 2007, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20127817/.
184. Andy Soltis, "FEMA'S Ex Storms Over White House, " New York Post, February 11, 2006, 8.
185. Ken Bazinet and James Gordon Meek, "Brownie's Revenge, " New York Daily News, February 11, 2006, 6.
186. Paul Krugman, "Heck of a Job, Bushie, " New York Times. December 30, 2005, http://select.nytimes.com/search/restricted/article?res= F40F17F638540C738FDDAB0994DD404482.
187. Bill Hutchinson, "W Knew Kat Was Big One: Vid Debunks Pres Denial, " New York Daily News, March 2, 2006, 7.
188. Bill Hutchinson, "W Knew Kat Was Big One: Vid Debunks Pres Denial, " New York Daily News, 2006, 7. Ibid.
189. Seth Borenstein, "Rethinking Brown as FEMA Scapegoat: Experts Say Fault Lies with Chertoff, Bush, " The Star-Ledger, March 3, 2006, 10.
190. John Podhoretz, "Brownie's Revenge: Media Now Loves Ex-FEMA Chief, " New York Post, February 11, 2006, 33.
191. "What Did Bush Know and When Did He Know It?, " New York Daily News, February 11, 2006.
192. Bazinet and Meek, "Brownie's Revenge, " 6.
193. Bazinet and Meek, "Brownie's Revenge, " 6. Ibid.