The “idle no more” movement: Paradoxes of first nations inclusion in the Canadian context

Social Inclusion

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 21-36

  Wotherspoon, Terry ^a   Hansen, John ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

Indigenous people; Social exclusion; Social inclusion; Social inequality

Indexed keywords

EID: 84897941465     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21832803     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.12924/si2013.01010021     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Coulthard G. Idle No More in Historical Context. Decolonization: Indigineity, Colonization and Resistance. 24 December 2012. Available from: http://decolonization.wordpress.com/2012/12/24/idlenomore-in-historical-context/#more-50 (accessed on 13 February 2013)
2. Gordon J. Manifesto. Idle No More. 13 January 2013. Available from: http://idlenomore.ca/about-us (accessed on 28 May 2013)
3. Parliament of Canada. Statutes of Canada 2012. Chapter 31. A second act to implement certain provisions of the budget tabled on March 29, 2012 and other measures. Ottawa, Canada: Parliament of Canada; 14 December 2012
4. United Nations. United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. New York, NY, USA: United Nations; 2008
5. Houle SM. INM: Seeing Only Bill C-45 Helps Harper's Plans Be Realized. Idle No More website. 5 May 2013. Available from: http://idlenomore.ca/articles/resources/selected-readings/item/222-inm-seeing-only-bill-c-45-helps-harper%E2%80%99s-plans-be-realized (accessed on 27 May 2013)
6. Cannon M, Sunseri L, editors. Racism, Colonial ism, and Indigeneity in Canada: A Reader. Don Mills, ON, Canada: Oxford University Press; 2011
7. Garner R, Carrière G, Sanmartin C. Longitudinal Health and Administrative Data Research Team. The Health of First Nations Living Off-Reserve, Inuit, and Métis Adults in Canada: The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Inequalities in Health. Ottawa, Canada: Minister of Industry, Statistics Canada; 2010
8. Wotherspoon T. Aboriginal People, Public Policy, and Social Differentiation in Canada. In: Juteau D, editor. Social Differentiation: Patterns and Processes. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press; 2003. pp. 155–204
9. Usalcas J. Aboriginal People and the Labour Market: Estimates from the Labour Force Survey, 2008–2010. Ottawa, Canada: Statistics Canada Labour Statistics Division; 2011
10. Lutz JS. Makuk: A New History of AboriginalWhite Relations. Vancouver, Canada: UBC Press; 2009
11. Adams H. Prison of Grass: Canada from the Native Point of View. Toronto, Canada: New Press; 1975
12. Alfred T. Peace, Power, Righteousness: An Indigenous Manifesto, 2nd ed. Don Mills, Canada: Oxford University Press; 2009
13. Denis JS. Transforming Meanings and Group Positions: Tactics and Framing in Anishinaabe–White Relations in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. Ethnic and Racial Studies. 2012;35(3):453–470
14. Bird J, Land L, Macadam M, editors. Nation to Nation: Aboriginal Sovereignty and the Future of Canada. Toronto, Canada: Irwin Publishing; 2002
15. Helin C. Dances with Dependency: Out of Poverty through Self-Reliance. Woodland Hills, CA, USA: Ravencrest; 2008
16. Yashar DJ. Contesting Citizenship in Latin America: The Rise of Indigenous Movements and the Postliberal Challenge. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2005
17. Hedetoft UR. Social Inclusion: Inaugural Editorial. Social Inclusion. 2013;1(1):1–2
18. Giddens A. The Third Way: The Renewal of Social Democracy. Malden, MA, USA: Polity Press; 1998
19. Banting KG. Dis-Embedding Liberalism? The New Social Policy Paradigm in Canada. In: Green DA, Kesselman, JR, editors. Dimensions of Inequality in Canada. Vancouver, Canada: UBC Press; 2006. pp. 417–452
20. Esping-Andersen G. A Welfare State for the 21st Century. In: Giddens A, editor. The Global Third Way Debate. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press; 2001. pp. 134–156
21. Lister R. Strategies for Social Inclusion: Promoting Social Cohesion or Social Justice? In: Askonas P, Stewart A, editors. Social Inclusion: Possibilities and Tensions. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan Press; 2000. pp. 37–54
22. Government of Canada. Responsible Resource Development—Overview. Canada's Economic Action Plan. 2013. Available from: http://actionplan.gc.ca/en/page/r2d-dr2/overview (accessed on 29 March 2013)
23. Bourdieu P. The New Capital. Appendix: Social Space and Field of Power. In: Bourdieu P. Practical Reason: On the Theory of Action. Stanford, CA, USA: Stanford University Press; 1998. pp. 31–34
24. Bourdieu P, Passeron J-C. Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture. Beverly Hills, CA, USA: Sage; 1979
25. Levitas R. The Inclusive Society? Social Exclusion and New Labour, 2nd ed. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan; 2005
26. Daly M, Silver H. Social Exclusion and Social Capital: A Comparison and Critique. Theory and Society. 2008;37(6):537–566
27. Department of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada. Education. Available from: http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100033601/1100100033605 (accessed on 24 May 2013)
28. Lamont M, Lareau A. Cultural Capital: Allusions, Gaps and Glissandos in Recent Theoretical Developments. Sociological Theory. 1988;6(5):153–168
29. Lareau A, Horvat EM. Moments of Social Inclusion and Exclusion: Race, Class, and Cultural Capital in Family-School Relationships. Sociology of Education. 1999;72(1):37–53
30. King T. The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in America. Toronto, Canada: Doubleday Canada; 2012
31. Palmater PD. Beyond Blood: Rethinking Indigenous Identity. Saskatoon, SK, Canada: Purich Publishing; 2011
32. Hawboldt A. Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood: Idle No More Founder Sets the Record Straight. Verb 2013;228(February):4–5
33. Yazzie R, Zion JW. Navajo Restorative Justice: The Law of Equity and Harmony. In: Galway B, Hudson J, editors. Restorative Justice: International Perspectives. Monsey, NY, USA: Criminal Justice Press; 1996. pp. 157–174
34. Hansen JG. An Exploration of Swampy Cree Restorative Justice. PhD Thesis, Department of Curriculum Studies in Education, University of Regina, SK, Canada; 2010
35. Henderson JY. Postcolonial Ledger Drawing: Legal Reform. In: Battiste M, editor. Reclaiming Indigenous Voice and Vision. Vancouver, BC, Canada: UBC Press; 2000. pp. 161–171
36. Comack E. Racialized Policing: Aboriginal People's Encounters with the Police. Halifax, Canada: Fernwood Publishing; 2012
37. Yazzie R. Indigenous Peoples and Postcolonial Colonialism. In: Battiste M, editor. Reclaiming Indigenous Voice and Vision. Vancouver, BC, Canada: UBC Press; 2000. pp. 39–49
38. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Interim Report. Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada; 2012
39. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. They Came for the Children: Canada, Aboriginal Peoples, and Residential Schools. Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada; 2012
40. Sutherland J. Colonialism, Crime, and Dispute Resolution: A Critical Analysis of Canada's Aboriginal Justice Strategy. 2002. Available from: http://www.mediate.com/articles/sutherlandJ.cfm (accessed on 5 May 2008)
41. Nobles M. The Politics of Official Apologies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2008
42. Smith LT. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. London, UK: Zed Books; 1999
43. Atkinson AB, Marlier E. Analysing and Measuring Social Inclusion in a Global Context. New York, NY, USA: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs; 2010
44. Canadian Criminal Justice Association. Aboriginal Peoples and the Criminal Justice System. 2000. Available from: www.ccja-acjp.ca/en/aborit.html (accessed on 13 January 2003)
45. Brosnahan M. Record-high Prison Numbers Sparking Violence. CBC News. 27 August 2012. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/story/2012/08/27/prison-numbers-crowding.html (accessed on 18 September 2012)
46. Office of the Correctional Investigator, Government of Canada. Spirit Matters: Aboriginal People and the Corrections and Conditional Release Act. Final Report. Ottawa, Canada: Office of the Correctional Investigator of Canada; 2012
47. Braithwaite J. A Future Where Punishment Is Marginalized: Realistic or Utopian? UCLA Law Review. 1999;46(6):1727–1750
48. Commission on First Nations and Métis People and Justice Reform. Legacy of Hope: An Agenda for Change. Final Report Volume 1. 2004. Available from: www.justicereformcomm.sk.ca (accessed on 14 March 2013)
49. Foucault M. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York, USA: Vintage Books; 1977
50. Canadian Council on Social Development. Social Inclusion and Communities at Risk: Canada's Aboriginal Peoples. 2003 Social Inclusion Conference Proceedings. Available from: http://www.ccsd.ca/events/inclusion/proceedings/aboriginal.htm (accessed on 13 February 2013)
51. National Indian Brotherhood. Indian Control of Indian Education. Ottawa, Canada: National Indian Brotherhood [Assembly of First Nations]; 1972
52. By contrast, relatively little media was focused on observations within the audit report that there had been some improvement in financial accounting practices during Spence's term as Chief. See: Schwartz D. Inside Attawapiskat's financial troubles. CBC News. 9 January 2013. Available from:http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2013/01/09/f-attawapiskat-finances-faq.html (accessed on 30 May 2013)
53. "LM". Posted on Entitled No More Facebook page. Available from: https://www.facebook.com/wheresthemoneygoing (accessed on 12 February 2013)
54. "Sean". Posted on CBC Live Blog. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/story/2013/01/30/politics (accessed on 30 January 2013)
55. "Guest". Posted on CBC Live Blog. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/story/2013/01/30/politics (accessed on 30 January 2013)
56. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). Cree walkers speak at Parliament Hill after Idle No More trek: 'Journey of the People' ends with crowds cheering aboriginal youth. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/story/2013/03/25/ottawa-walk-nishiyuu-journey-ends-ottawa-parliament-victoria.html (accessed on 25 March 2013)
57. "Philip". Posted on CBC Live Blog. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/story/2013/03/25/ottawa-walk-nishiyuu-journey-ends-ottawa-parliament-victoria.html (accessed on 25 March 2013)
58. "Lraymond". Posted on CBC Live Blog. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/story/2013/03/25/ottawa-walk-nishiyuu-journey-ends-ottawa-parliament-victoria.html (accessed on 25 March 2013)
59. Wood LJ. Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action after the WTO Protests in Seattle. New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press; 2012.