Effect of immobilization without passive exercise after rotator cuff repair: Randomized clinical trial comparing four and eight weeks of immobilization

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

Volumn 96, Issue 6, 2014, Pages e44(1)-

  Koh, Kyoung Hwan ^a   Lim, Tae Kang ^b   Shon, Min Soo ^c   Park, Young Eun ^d   Lee, Seung Won ^d   Yoo, Jae Chul ^d  

^a Seoul Medical Center   (South Korea)

^b Wonkwang University   (South Korea)

^c National Medical Center   (South Korea)

^d Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine   (South Korea)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTHROSCOPIC SURGERY; ARTICLE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; EXERCISE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; FROZEN SHOULDER; HEALING; HUMAN; IMMOBILIZATION; INTENTION TO TREAT ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RANGE OF MOTION; ROTATOR CUFF RUPTURE; TREATMENT DURATION;

ADULT; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMOBILIZATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POSTOPERATIVE CARE; RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR; RECOVERY OF FUNCTION; ROTATOR CUFF; SHOULDER JOINT; TENDON INJURIES; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WOUND HEALING;

EID: 84896974585     PISSN: 00219355     EISSN: 15351386     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.L.01741     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Boileau P, Brassart N, Watkinson DJ, Carles M, Hatzidakis AM, Krishnan SG. Arthroscopic repair of full-thickness tears of the supraspinatus: does the tendon really heal? J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 Jun;87(6):1229-40. (Pubitemid 40756623)
2. Galatz LM, Ball CM, Teefey SA, Middleton WD, Yamaguchi K. The outcome and repair integrity of completely arthroscopically repaired large and massive rotator cuff tears. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004 Feb;86-A(2):219-24. (Pubitemid 38141554)
3. Kim YS, Chung SW, Kim JY, Ok JH, Park I, Oh JH. Is early passive motion exercise necessary after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair? Am J Sports Med. 2012 Apr;40(4):815-21. Epub 2012 Jan 27.
4. Sugaya H, Maeda K, Matsuki K, Moriishi J. Repair integrity and functional outcome after arthroscopic double-row rotator cuff repair. A prospective outcome study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 May;89(5):953-60. (Pubitemid 46724584)
5. Grasso A, Milano G, Salvatore M, Falcone G, Deriu L, Fabbriciani C. Single-row versus double-row arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a prospective randomized clinical study. Arthroscopy. 2009 Jan;25(1):4-12. Epub 2008 Nov 1.
6. Burks RT, Crim J, Brown N, Fink B, Greis PE. A prospective randomized clinical trial comparing arthroscopic single- and double-row rotator cuff repair: magnetic resonance imaging and early clinical evaluation. Am J Sports Med. 2009 Apr;37(4):674-82. Epub 2009 Feb 9.
7. Lafosse L, Brozska R, Toussaint B, Gobezie R. The outcome and structural integrity of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with use of the double-row suture anchor technique. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Jul;89(7):1533-41. (Pubitemid 47041531)
8. Franceschi F, Ruzzini L, Longo UG, Martina FM, Zobel BB, Maffulli N, Denaro V. Equivalent clinical results of arthroscopic single-row and double-row suture anchor repair for rotator cuff tears: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med. 2007 Aug;35(8):1254-60. Epub 2007 Jun 6.
9. Accousti KJ, Flatow EL. Technical pearls on how to maximize healing of the rotator cuff. Instr Course Lect. 2007;56:3-12.
10. Millett PJ, Wilcox RB 3rd, O'Holleran JD, Warner JJ. Rehabilitation of the rotator cuff: an evaluation-based approach. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2006 Oct;14(11):599-609. (Pubitemid 44916624)
11. Gimbel JA, Van Kleunen JP, Williams GR, Thomopoulos S, Soslowsky LJ. Long durations of immobilization in the rat result in enhanced mechanical properties of the healing supraspinatus tendon insertion site. J Biomech Eng. 2007 Jun;129(3):400-4. (Pubitemid 47066853)
12. Thomopoulos S, Williams GR, Soslowsky LJ. Tendon to bone healing: differences in biomechanical, structural, and compositional properties due to a range of activity levels. J Biomech Eng. 2003 Feb;125(1):106-13. (Pubitemid 36297232)
13. Gimbel JA, Van Kleunen JP, Lake SP, Williams GR, Soslowsky LJ. The role of repair tension on tendon to bone healing in an animal model of chronic rotator cuff tears. J Biomech. 2007;40(3):561-8. Epub 2006 Apr 4.
14. Gimbel JA, Van Kleunen JP, Mehta S, Perry SM, Williams GR, Soslowsky LJ. Supraspinatus tendon organizational and mechanical properties in a chronic rotator cuff tear animal model. J Biomech. 2004 May;37(5):739-49. (Pubitemid 38445036)
15. Peltz CD, Dourte LM, Kuntz AF, Sarver JJ, Kim SY, Williams GR, Soslowsky LJ. The effect of postoperative passive motion on rotator cuff healing in a rat model. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009 Oct;91(10):2421-9.
16. Peltz CD, Sarver JJ, Dourte LM, Würgler-Hauri CC, Williams GR, Soslowsky LJ. Exercise following a short immobilization period is detrimental to tendon properties and joint mechanics in a rat rotator cuff injury model. J Orthop Res. 2010 Jul;28(7):841-5.
17. Koike Y, Trudel G, Uhthoff HK. Formation of a new enthesis after attachment of the supraspinatus tendon: A quantitative histologic study in rabbits. J Orthop Res. 2005 Nov;23(6):1433-40. (Pubitemid 41554679)
18. Sonnabend DH, Howlett CR, Young AA. Histological evaluation of repair of the rotator cuff in a primate model. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2010 Apr;92(4):586-94.
19. Trudel G, Ramachandran N, Ryan SE, Rakhra K, Uhthoff HK. Supraspinatus tendon repair into a bony trough in the rabbit: mechanical restoration and correlative imaging. J Orthop Res. 2010 Jun;28(6):710-5.
20. Oh JH, Kim SH, Lee HK, Jo KH, Bin SW, Gong HS. Moderate preoperative shoulder stiffness does not alter the clinical outcome of rotator cuff repair with arthroscopic release and manipulation. Arthroscopy. 2008 Sep;24(9):983-91.
21. Chuang TY, Ho WP, Chen CH, Lee CH, Liau JJ, Huang CH. Arthroscopic treatment of rotator cuff tears with shoulder stiffness: a comparison of functional outcomes with and without capsular release. Am J Sports Med. 2012 Sep;40(9):2121-7. Epub 2012 Jul 26.
22. Bennett WF. Subscapularis, medial, and lateral head coracohumeral ligament insertion anatomy. Arthroscopic appearance and incidence of "hidden" rotator interval lesions. Arthroscopy. 2001 Feb;17(2):173-80.
23. Zanetti M, Gerber C, Hodler J. Quantitative assessment of the muscles of the rotator cuff with magnetic resonance imaging. Invest Radiol. 1998 Mar;33(3):163-70. (Pubitemid 28154915)
24. Goutallier D, Postel JM, Bernageau J, Lavau L, Voisin MC. Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures. Pre- and postoperative evaluation by CT scan. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994 Jul;(304):78-83. (Pubitemid 24230668)
25. Fuchs B, Weishaupt D, Zanetti M, Hodler J, Gerber C. Fatty degeneration of the muscles of the rotator cuff: assessment by computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1999 Nov-Dec;8(6):599-605.
26. Goutallier D, Postel JM, Gleyze P, Leguilloux P, Van Driessche S. Influence of cuff muscle fatty degeneration on anatomic and functional outcomes after simple suture of full-thickness tears. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2003 Nov-Dec;12(6):550-4. (Pubitemid 37547916)
27. Gerber C, Schneeberger AG, Hoppeler H, Meyer DC. Correlation of atrophy and fatty infiltration on strength and integrity of rotator cuff repairs: a study in thirteen patients. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2007 Nov-Dec;16(6):691-6. Epub 2007 Oct 10.
28. Richards RR, An KN, Bigliani LU, Friedman RJ, Gartsman GM, Gristina AG, Iannotti JP, Mow VC, Sidles JA, Zuckerman JD. A standardized method for the assessment of shoulder function. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1994 Nov;3(6):347-52. Epub 2009 Feb 13.
29. Constant CR, Murley AH. A clinical method of functional assessment of the shoulder. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987 Jan;(214):160-4. (Pubitemid 17019681)
30. Group ICoHE EW. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline. Statistical principles for clinical trials. International Conference on Harmonisation E9 Expert Working Group. Stat Med. 1999 Aug 15;18(15):1905-42.
31. Pettengill KM. The evolution of early mobilization of the repaired flexor tendon. J Hand Ther. 2005 Apr-Jun;18(2):157-68. (Pubitemid 40569570)
32. Gelberman RH, Woo SL, Lothringer K, Akeson WH, Amiel D. Effects of early intermittent passive mobilization on healing canine flexor tendons. J Hand Surg Am. 1982 Mar;7(2):170-5. (Pubitemid 12131707)
33. Cofield RH. Rotator cuff disease of the shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1985 Jul;67(6):974-9.
34. Ellman H, Hanker G, Bayer M. Repair of the rotator cuff. End-result study of factors influencing reconstruction. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1986 Oct;68(8):1136-44. (Pubitemid 17178986)
35. Harryman DT 2nd, Mack LA, Wang KY, Jackins SE, Richardson ML, Matsen FA 3rd. Repairs of the rotator cuff. Correlation of functional results with integrity of the cuff. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1991 Aug;73(7):982-9.
36. Denard PJ, Lädermann A, Burkhart SS. Prevention and management of stiffness after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: systematic review and implications for rotator cuff healing. Arthroscopy. 2011 Jun;27(6):842-8.
37. Lee BG, Cho NS, Rhee YG. Effect of two rehabilitation protocols on range of motion and healing rates after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: aggressive versus limited early passive exercises. Arthroscopy. 2012 Jan;28(1):34-42. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
38. Jost B, Pfirrmann CW, Gerber C, Switzerland Z. Clinical outcome after structural failure of rotator cuff repairs. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000 Mar;82(3):304-14. (Pubitemid 30140331)
39. Voigt C, Bosse C, Vosshenrich R, Schulz AP, Lill H. Arthroscopic supraspinatus tendon repair with suture-bridging technique: functional outcome and magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Sports Med. 2010 May;38(5):983-91.
40. Duquin TR, Buyea C, Bisson LJ. Which method of rotator cuff repair leads to the highest rate of structural healing? A systematic review. Am J Sports Med. 2010 Apr;38(4):835-41.
41. Charousset C, Grimberg J, Duranthon LD, Bellaiche L, Petrover D. Can a double-row anchorage technique improve tendon healing in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair?: A prospective, nonrandomized, comparative study of double-row and single-row anchorage techniques with computed tomographic arthrography tendon healing assessment. Am J Sports Med. 2007 Aug;35(8):1247-53. Epub 2007 Apr 23.
42. Cho NS, Rhee YG. Functional outcome of arthroscopic repair with concomitant manipulation in rotator cuff tears with stiff shoulder. Am J Sports Med. 2008 Jul;36(7):1323-9. Epub 2008 Jun 6.
43. Chung SW, Huong CB, Kim SH, Oh JH. Shoulder stiffness after rotator cuff repair: risk factors and influence on outcome. Arthroscopy. 2013 Feb;29(2):290-300. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
44. Koo SS, Burkhart SS. Rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair [vii.]. Clin Sports Med. 2010 Apr;29(2):203-11, vii.
45. Peters KS, McCallum S, Briggs L, Murrell GA. A comparison of outcomes after arthroscopic repair of partial versus small or medium-sized full-thickness rotator cuff tears. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012 Jun 20;94(12):1078-85.
46. Seo SS, Choi JS, An KC, Kim JH, Kim SB. The factors affecting stiffness occurring with rotator cuff tear. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2012 Mar;21(3):304-9. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
47. Tauro JC. Stiffness and rotator cuff tears: incidence, arthroscopic findings, and treatment results. Arthroscopy. 2006 Jun;22(6):581-6. (Pubitemid 43817421)
48. DeHaan AM, Axelrad TW, Kaye E, Silvestri L, Puskas B, Foster TE. Does double-row rotator cuff repair improve functional outcome of patients compared with single-row technique? A systematic review. Am J Sports Med. 2012 May;40(5):1176-85. Epub 2011 Dec 8.