메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 747-752

Circulating autoantibodies to LGALS3BP: A novel biomarker for cancer

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOANTIBODY; AUTOANTIBODY LGALS3BP; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODY; TUMOR MARKER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84896906975     PISSN: 02780240     EISSN: 18758630     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2013/214595     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (7)

References (45)
  • 2
    • 84878814203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of cancer before distant metastasis
    • article 283
    • F. A. Coumans, S. Siesling, and L. W. Terstappen, and "Detection of cancer before distant metastasis, and " BMC Cancer, vol. 13, no. 1, article 283, 2013.
    • (2013) BMC Cancer , vol.13 , Issue.1
    • Coumans, F.A.1    Siesling, S.2    Terstappen, L.W.3
  • 3
    • 77951879165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: A multicentre randomised controlled trial
    • W. S. Atkin, R. Edwards, I. Kralj-Hans et al. , and "Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial, and " The Lancet, vol. 375, no. 9726, pp. 1624-1633, 2010.
    • (2010) The Lancet , vol.375 , Issue.9726 , pp. 1624-1633
    • Atkin, W.S.1    Edwards, R.2    Kralj-Hans, I.3
  • 4
    • 42949127635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening and surveillance for the early detection of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps, 2008: A Joint guideline from the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology
    • B. Levin, D. A. Lieberman, B. McFarland et al. , and "Screening and surveillance for the early detection of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps, 2008: a Joint guideline from the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology, and " Gastroenterology, vol. 134, no. 5, pp. 1570-1595, 2008.
    • (2008) Gastroenterology , vol.134 , Issue.5 , pp. 1570-1595
    • Levin, B.1    Lieberman, D.A.2    McFarland, B.3
  • 5
    • 84863230519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer screening in the United States, 2012: A review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening
    • R. A. Smith, V. Cokkinides, and O. W. Brawley, and "Cancer screening in the United States, 2012: a review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening, and " CA Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 129-142, 2012.
    • (2012) CA Cancer Journal for Clinicians , vol.62 , Issue.2 , pp. 129-142
    • Smith, R.A.1    Cokkinides, V.2    Brawley, O.W.3
  • 6
    • 33644506102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple hepatic receptors cooperate to eliminate secretory mucins aberrantly entering the bloodstream: Are circulating cancer mucins the tip of the iceberg?
    • M. G. Wahrenbrock and A. Varki, and "Multiple hepatic receptors cooperate to eliminate secretory mucins aberrantly entering the bloodstream: are circulating cancer mucins the and "tip of the iceberg"?" Cancer Research, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 2433-2441, 2006.
    • (2006) Cancer Research , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 2433-2441
    • Wahrenbrock, M.G.1    Varki, A.2
  • 7
    • 76749087478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer biomarkers defined by autoantibody signatures to aberrant O-glycopeptide epitopes
    • H. H. Wandall, O. Blixt, M. A. Tarp et al. , and "Cancer biomarkers defined by autoantibody signatures to aberrant O-glycopeptide epitopes, and " Cancer Research, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 1306-1313, 2010.
    • (2010) Cancer Research , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 1306-1313
    • Wandall, H.H.1    Blixt, O.2    Tarp, M.A.3
  • 8
    • 77957753105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CA 15-3: Uses and limitation as a biomarker for breast cancer
    • M. J. Duffy, D. Evoy, and E. W. McDermott, and "CA 15-3: uses and limitation as a biomarker for breast cancer, and " Clinica Chimica Acta, vol. 411, no. 23-24, pp. 1869-1874, 2010.
    • (2010) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.411 , Issue.23-24 , pp. 1869-1874
    • Duffy, M.J.1    Evoy, D.2    McDermott, E.W.3
  • 9
    • 23944522808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sentinel within: Exploiting the immune systemfor cancer biomarkers
    • K. S. Anderson and J. LaBaer, and "The sentinel within: exploiting the immune systemfor cancer biomarkers, and " Journal of Proteome Research, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1123-1133, 2005.
    • (2005) Journal of Proteome Research , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 1123-1133
    • Anderson, K.S.1    Labaer, J.2
  • 10
    • 25144444158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune response as a biomarker for cancer detection and a lot more
    • Article ID 058157
    • O. J. Finn, and "Immune response as a biomarker for cancer detection and a lot more, and "The New England Journal ofMedicine, vol. 353, no. 12, Article ID 058157, pp. 1288-1290, 2005.
    • (2005) The New England Journal OfMedicine , vol.353 , Issue.12 , pp. 1288-1290
    • Finn, O.J.1
  • 11
    • 0035189977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies as reporters identifying aberrant cellular mechanisms in tumorigenesis
    • E. M. Tan, and "Autoantibodies as reporters identifying aberrant cellular mechanisms in tumorigenesis, and " Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 108, no. 10, pp. 1411-1415, 2001.
    • (2001) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.108 , Issue.10 , pp. 1411-1415
    • Tan, E.M.1
  • 12
    • 45549095664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of protein microarrays for multiplexed detection of antibodies to tumor antigens in breast cancer
    • K. S. Anderson, N. Ramachandran, J. Wong et al. , and "Application of protein microarrays for multiplexed detection of antibodies to tumor antigens in breast cancer, and " Journal of Proteome Research, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1490-1499, 2008.
    • (2008) Journal of Proteome Research , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 1490-1499
    • Anderson, K.S.1    Ramachandran, N.2    Wong, J.3
  • 13
    • 12244296118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fingerprinting the circulating repertoire of antibodies from cancer patients
    • P. J. Mintz, J. Kim, K. -A. Do et al. , and "Fingerprinting the circulating repertoire of antibodies from cancer patients, and " Nature Biotechnology, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 57-63, 2003.
    • (2003) Nature Biotechnology , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-63
    • Mintz, P.J.1    Kim, J.2    Do, K.-A.3
  • 14
    • 37549061448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of 14-3-3 as an antigen that induces a humoral response in lung cancer
    • S. R. Pereira-Faca, R. Kuick, E. Puravs et al. , and "Identification of 14-3-3 as an antigen that induces a humoral response in lung cancer, and " Cancer Research, vol. 67, no. 24, pp. 12000-12006, 2007.
    • (2007) Cancer Research , vol.67 , Issue.24 , pp. 12000-12006
    • Pereira-Faca, S.R.1    Kuick, R.2    Puravs, E.3
  • 15
    • 44449102838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nextgeneration high-density self-assembling functional protein arrays
    • N. Ramachandran, J. V. Raphael, E. Hainsworth et al. , and "Nextgeneration high-density self-assembling functional protein arrays, and " Nature Methods, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 535-538, 2008.
    • (2008) Nature Methods , vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp. 535-538
    • Ramachandran, N.1    Raphael, J.V.2    Hainsworth, E.3
  • 16
    • 12144291347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 90K (Mac-2 BP) and galectins in tumor progression and metastasis
    • A. Grassadonia, N. Tinari, I. Iurisci et al. , and "90K (Mac-2 BP) and galectins in tumor progression and metastasis, and " Glycoconjugate Journal, vol. 19, no. 7-9, pp. 551-556, 2002.
    • (2002) Glycoconjugate Journal , vol.19 , Issue.7-9 , pp. 551-556
    • Grassadonia, A.1    Tinari, N.2    Iurisci, I.3
  • 17
    • 0023949863 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of a breast cancer associated antigen detected by monoclonal antibody SP-2 in sera of cancer patients
    • S. Iacobelli, E. Arno, P. Sismondi et al. , and "Measurement of a breast cancer associated antigen detected by monoclonal antibody SP-2 in sera of cancer patients, and " Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 19-30, 1988.
    • (1988) Breast Cancer Research and Treatment , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-30
    • Iacobelli, S.1    Arno, E.2    Sismondi, P.3
  • 18
    • 0027955104 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of a novel circulating serum 90K antigen in breast cancer
    • S. Iacobelli, P. Sismondi, M. Giai et al. , and "Prognostic value of a novel circulating serum 90K antigen in breast cancer, and " British Journal of Cancer, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 172-176, 1994.
    • (1994) British Journal of Cancer , vol.69 , Issue.1 , pp. 172-176
    • Iacobelli, S.1    Sismondi, P.2    Giai, M.3
  • 19
    • 0029910411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating immunostimulatory protein 90K and soluble interleukin-2-receptor in human ovarian cancer
    • A. G. Zeimet, C. Natoli, M. Herold et al. , and "Circulating immunostimulatory protein 90K and soluble interleukin-2-receptor in human ovarian cancer, and "The International Journal of Cancer , vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 34-38, 1996.
    • (1996) The International Journal of Cancer , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-38
    • Zeimet, A.G.1    Natoli, C.2    Herold, M.3
  • 20
    • 0036569698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of 90K (Mac-2 BP) correlates with distant metastasis and predicts survival in stage i non-small cell lung cancer patients
    • A. Marchetti, N. Tinari, F. Buttitta et al. , and "Expression of 90K (Mac-2 BP) correlates with distant metastasis and predicts survival in stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients, and " Cancer Research, vol. 62, no. 9, pp. 2535-2539, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer Research , vol.62 , Issue.9 , pp. 2535-2539
    • Marchetti, A.1    Tinari, N.2    Buttitta, F.3
  • 21
    • 58249091144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High expression of 90K (Mac-2 BP) is associated with poor survival in nodenegative breast cancer patients not receiving adjuvant systemic therapies
    • N. Tinari, R. Lattanzio, P. Querzoli et al. , and "High expression of 90K (Mac-2 BP) is associated with poor survival in nodenegative breast cancer patients not receiving adjuvant systemic therapies, and " International Journal of Cancer, vol. 124, no. 2, pp. 333-338, 2009.
    • (2009) International Journal of Cancer , vol.124 , Issue.2 , pp. 333-338
    • Tinari, N.1    Lattanzio, R.2    Querzoli, P.3
  • 22
    • 0029759376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between galectin-3 and Mac-2-binding protein mediate cellcell adhesion
    • H. Inohara, S. Akahani, K. Koths, and A. Raz, and "Interactions between galectin-3 and Mac-2-binding protein mediate cellcell adhesion, and " Cancer Research, vol. 56, no. 19, pp. 4530-4534, 1996.
    • (1996) Cancer Research , vol.56 , Issue.19 , pp. 4530-4534
    • Inohara, H.1    Akahani, S.2    Koths, K.3    Raz, A.4
  • 23
    • 0032536822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mac-2 binding protein is a cell-adhesive protein of the extracellular matrix which self-assembles into ring-like structures and binds1 integrins, collagens and fibronectin
    • T. Sasaki, C. Brakebusch, J. Engel, and R. Timpl, and "Mac-2 binding protein is a cell-adhesive protein of the extracellular matrix which self-assembles into ring-like structures and binds1 integrins, collagens and fibronectin, and " The EMBO Journal, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 1606-1613, 1998.
    • (1998) The EMBO Journal , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 1606-1613
    • Sasaki, T.1    Brakebusch, C.2    Engel, J.3    Timpl, R.4
  • 24
    • 33746411003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor-associated antigen 90K/Mac-2-binding protein: Possible role in colon cancer
    • T. A. Ulmer, V. Keeler, L. Loh et al. , and "Tumor-associated antigen 90K/Mac-2-binding protein: possible role in colon cancer, and " Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, vol. 98, no. 5, pp. 1351-1366, 2006.
    • (2006) Journal of Cellular Biochemistry , vol.98 , Issue.5 , pp. 1351-1366
    • Ulmer, T.A.1    Keeler, V.2    Loh, L.3
  • 26
    • 0034113998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P53 Antibodies in the sera of patients with various types of cancer: A review
    • T. Soussi, and "p53 Antibodies in the sera of patients with various types of cancer: a review, and " Cancer Research, vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 1777-1788, 2000.
    • (2000) Cancer Research , vol.60 , Issue.7 , pp. 1777-1788
    • Soussi, T.1
  • 27
    • 0034643336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid degradation of a large fraction of newly synthesized proteins by proteasomes
    • U. Schubert, L. C. Antón, J. Gibbs, C. C. Norbury, J. W. Yewdell, and J. R. Bennink, and "Rapid degradation of a large fraction of newly synthesized proteins by proteasomes, and " Nature, vol. 404, no. 6779, pp. 770-774, 2000.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , Issue.6779 , pp. 770-774
    • Schubert, U.1    Antón, L.C.2    Gibbs, J.3    Norbury, C.C.4    Yewdell, J.W.5    Bennink, J.R.6
  • 28
    • 0035902180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic kinase signalling
    • P. Blume-Jensen and T. Hunter, and "Oncogenic kinase signalling, and " Nature, vol. 411, no. 6835, pp. 355-365, 2001.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.411 , Issue.6835 , pp. 355-365
    • Blume-Jensen, P.1    Hunter, T.2
  • 29
    • 0021572879 scopus 로고
    • Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens
    • Article ID 040184
    • S. Hakomori, and "Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, and " Annual Review of Immunology, vol. 2, Article ID 040184, pp. 103-126, 1984.
    • (1984) Annual Review of Immunology , vol.2 , pp. 103-126
    • Hakomori, S.1
  • 30
    • 0034963231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens defining tumor malignancy: Basis for development of anticancer vaccines
    • S. -I. Hakomori, and "Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens defining tumor malignancy: basis for development of anticancer vaccines, and " Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol. 491, pp. 369-402, 2001.
    • (2001) Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology , vol.491 , pp. 369-402
    • Hakomori, S.-I.1
  • 31
    • 0023205492 scopus 로고
    • Philip Levine award lecture. Blood group antigens as markers for normal differentiation and malignant change in human tissues
    • K. O. Lloyd, and "Philip Levine award lecture. Blood group antigens as markers for normal differentiation and malignant change in human tissues, and " American Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 129-139, 1987.
    • (1987) American Journal of Clinical Pathology , vol.87 , Issue.1 , pp. 129-139
    • Lloyd, K.O.1
  • 32
    • 34547137152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer immunomics using autoantibody signatures for biomarker discovery
    • M. Caron, G. Choquet-Kastylevsky, and R. Joubert-Caron, and "Cancer immunomics using autoantibody signatures for biomarker discovery, and " Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 1115-1122, 2007.
    • (2007) Molecular and Cellular Proteomics , vol.6 , Issue.7 , pp. 1115-1122
    • Caron, M.1    Choquet-Kastylevsky, G.2    Joubert-Caron, R.3
  • 33
    • 0035859922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An immune response manifested by the common occurrence of annexins i and II autoantibodies and high circulating levels of IL-6 in lung cancer
    • F. M. Brichory, D. E. Misek, A. -M. Yim et al. , and "An immune response manifested by the common occurrence of annexins I and II autoantibodies and high circulating levels of IL-6 in lung cancer, and " Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 98, no. 17, pp. 9824-9829, 2001.
    • (2001) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.98 , Issue.17 , pp. 9824-9829
    • Brichory, F.M.1    Misek, D.E.2    Yim, A.-M.3
  • 34
    • 0035187302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteomics-based identification of RS/DJ-1 as a novel circulating tumor antigen in breast cancer
    • F. Le Naour, D. E. Misek, M. C. Krause et al. , and "Proteomics- based identification of RS/DJ-1 as a novel circulating tumor antigen in breast cancer, and " Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 3328- 3335, 2001.
    • (2001) Clinical Cancer Research , vol.7 , Issue.11 , pp. 3328-3335
    • Le Naour, F.1    Misek, D.E.2    Krause, M.C.3
  • 35
    • 0242608349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular profiling of the immune response in colon cancer using protein microarrays: Occurrence of autoantibodies to ubiquitin Cterminal hydrolase L3
    • M. J. Nam, J. Madoz-Gurpide, H. Wang et al. , and "Molecular profiling of the immune response in colon cancer using protein microarrays: occurrence of autoantibodies to ubiquitin Cterminal hydrolase L3, and " Proteomics, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 2108-2115, 2003.
    • (2003) Proteomics , vol.3 , Issue.11 , pp. 2108-2115
    • Nam, M.J.1    Madoz-Gurpide, J.2    Wang, H.3
  • 36
    • 65349115338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The functioning antigens: Beyond just as the immunological targets
    • Y. Hirohashi, T. Torigoe, S. Inoda et al. , and "The functioning antigens: beyond just as the immunological targets, and " Cancer Science, vol. 100, no. 5, pp. 798-806, 2009.
    • (2009) Cancer Science , vol.100 , Issue.5 , pp. 798-806
    • Hirohashi, Y.1    Torigoe, T.2    Inoda, S.3
  • 37
    • 27744597231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies in breast cancer sera: Candidate biomarkers and reporters of tumorigenesis
    • F. F. Madrid, and "Autoantibodies in breast cancer sera: candidate biomarkers and reporters of tumorigenesis, and " Cancer Letters, vol. 230, no. 2, pp. 187-198, 2005.
    • (2005) Cancer Letters , vol.230 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-198
    • Madrid, F.F.1
  • 38
    • 64049096712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The footprints of cancer development: Cancer biomarkers
    • M. F. Ullah and M. Aatif, and "The footprints of cancer development: cancer biomarkers, and " Cancer Treatment Reviews, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 193-200, 2009.
    • (2009) Cancer Treatment Reviews , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 193-200
    • Ullah, M.F.1    Aatif, M.2
  • 39
    • 70449720923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum autoantibodies as biomarkers for early cancer detection
    • H. T. Tan, J. Low, S. G. Lim, and M. C. M. Chung, and "Serum autoantibodies as biomarkers for early cancer detection, and " The FEBS Journal, vol. 276, no. 23, pp. 6880-6904, 2009.
    • (2009) The FEBS Journal , vol.276 , Issue.23 , pp. 6880-6904
    • Tan, H.T.1    Low, J.2    Lim, S.G.3    Chung, M.C.M.4
  • 40
    • 33750605893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumorassociated antigen arrays for the serological diagnosis of cancer
    • C. A. Casiano, M. Mediavilla-Varela, and E. M. Tan, and "Tumorassociated antigen arrays for the serological diagnosis of cancer, and " Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 1745-1759, 2006.
    • (2006) Molecular and Cellular Proteomics , vol.5 , Issue.10 , pp. 1745-1759
    • Casiano, C.A.1    Mediavilla-Varela, M.2    Tan, E.M.3
  • 41
    • 79251554099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical validation of an autoantibody test for lung cancer
    • P. Boyle, C. J. Chapman, S. Holdenrieder et al. , and "Clinical validation of an autoantibody test for lung cancer, and " Annals of Oncology, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 383-389, 2011.
    • (2011) Annals of Oncology , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 383-389
    • Boyle, P.1    Chapman, C.J.2    Holdenrieder, S.3
  • 42
    • 31544480052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic markers of ovarian cancer by high-throughput antigen cloning and detection on arrays
    • M. Chatterjee, S. Mohapatra, A. Ionan et al. , and "Diagnostic markers of ovarian cancer by high-throughput antigen cloning and detection on arrays, and " Cancer Research, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 1181-1190, 2006.
    • (2006) Cancer Research , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 1181-1190
    • Chatterjee, M.1    Mohapatra, S.2    Ionan, A.3
  • 43
    • 25144483466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibody signatures in prostate cancer
    • X. Wang, J. Yu, A. Sreekumar et al. , and "Autoantibody signatures in prostate cancer, and "The New England Journal ofMedicine, vol. 353, no. 12, pp. 1224-1235, 2005.
    • (2005) The New England Journal OfMedicine , vol.353 , Issue.12 , pp. 1224-1235
    • Wang, X.1    Yu, J.2    Sreekumar, A.3
  • 44
    • 80051551777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of candidate serologic markers for type i and type II ovarian cancer
    • D. Lu, E. Kuhn, R. E. Bristow et al. , and "Comparison of candidate serologic markers for type I and type II ovarian cancer, and " Gynecologic Oncology, vol. 122, no. 3, pp. 560-566, 2011.
    • (2011) Gynecologic Oncology , vol.122 , Issue.3 , pp. 560-566
    • Lu, D.1    Kuhn, E.2    Bristow, R.E.3
  • 45
    • 84896902402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An antibody-based blood test utilizing a panel of biomarkers as a new method for improved breast cancer diagnosis
    • In press
    • G. Yahalom, D. Weiss, I. Novikov et al. , and "An antibody-based blood test utilizing a panel of biomarkers as a new method for improved breast cancer diagnosis, and " Biomarkers in Cancer. In press.
    • Biomarkers in Cancer
    • Yahalom, G.1    Weiss, D.2    Novikov, I.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.