Tip of the iceberg: Reporting and gender-based violence in developing countries

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 179, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 602-612

  Palermo, Tia ^a   Bleck, Jennifer ^a   Peterman, Amber ^a  

^a STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Gender based violence; Global prevalence; Reporting

Indexed keywords

DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEY; DEVELOPING WORLD; DISEASE PREVALENCE; GENDER DISPARITY; GENDER RELATIONS; GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE; HEALTH IMPACT; HEALTH SERVICES; HEALTH SURVEY; MARRIAGE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; URBAN POPULATION; VIOLENCE; WOMENS HEALTH;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DIVORCED PERSON; FEMALE; GENDER BASED VIOLENCE; HEALTH CARE; HUMAN; ICEBERG; INDIA; MARRIED PERSON; MARRIED WOMAN; PHYSICAL VIOLENCE; POLICE; PREVALENCE; SEXUAL VIOLENCE; SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA; WIDOW;

CARIBBEAN ISLANDS; FAR EAST; INDIA; LATIN AMERICA;

GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE; GLOBAL PREVALENCE; REPORTING;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BIAS (EPIDEMIOLOGY); DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; SEX OFFENSES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84896690076     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: 14766256     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt295     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Devries KM, Mak JYT, Garcia-Moreno C, et al. The global prevalence of intimate partner violence against women. Science. 2013;340(6140):1527-1528.
2. Campbell JC. Health consequences of intimate partner violence. Lancet. 2002;359(9314):1331-1336.
3. Campbell JC, Soeken KL. Forced sex and intimate partner violence effects on women's risk and women's health. Violence Against Women. 1999;5(9):1017-1035.
4. Ellsberg M, Jansen HAFM, Heise L, et al. Intimate partner violence and women's physical and mental health in the WHO Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence: an observational study. Lancet. 2008;371(9619): 1165-1172.
5. Heise L, Ellsberg M, Gottmoeller M. A global overview of gender-based violence. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2002;78(suppl 1): S5-S14.
6. Peterman A, Johnson K. Incontinence and trauma: sexual violence, female genital cutting and proxy measures of gynecological fistula. Soc Sci Med. 2009;68(5): 971-979.
7. Rees S, Silove D, Chey T, et al. Lifetime prevalence of gender-based violence in women and the relationship with mental disorders and psychosocial function. JAMA. 2011; 306(4):513-521.
8. Thompson MP, Kaslow NJ, Kingree JB, et al. Partner abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder as risk factors for suicide attempts in a sample of low-income, inner city women. J Trauma Stress. 1999;12(1):59-72.
9. Kelly J, VanRooyen M, Kabanga J, et al. Hope for the Future Again: Tracing the Effects of Sexual Violence and Conflict on Families and Communities in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Humanitarian Initiative; 2011.
10. Swiss S, Jennings P. Documenting the Impact of Conflict on Women Living in Internally Displaced Persons Camps in Sri Lanka: Some Ethical Considerations. Albuquerque, NM: Women's Rights International; 2006.
11. Morrison AR, Orlando MB. Social and economic costs of domestic violence: Chile and Nicaragua. In: Morrison AR, Orlando MB, eds. Too Close to Home: Domestic Violence in the Americas. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank; 1999:51-80.
12. Graves L, Hankivsky O, Kingston-Riechers J. Selected Estimates of the Costs of Violence Against Women. London, United Kingdom: Centre for Research on Violence Against Women and Children; 1995.
13. United Nations Security Council. Resolution 1960 (2010). http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3- CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/WPS%20SRES%201960. pdf. Published December 16, 2010. Accessed January 15, 2013.
14. Bartels SA, Scott JA, Leaning J, et al. Sexual violence trends between 2004 and 2008 in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2011;1(1):1-6.
15. Human RightsWatch. Shattered Lives: Sexual Violence During the Rwandan Genocide and its Aftermath. New York, NY: Human Rights Watch; 1996.
16. Cohen DK, Green AH. Dueling incentives: sexual violence in Liberia and the politics of human rights advocacy. J Peace Res. 2012;49(3):445-458.
17. Du Mont J, Forte T, Cohen MM, et al. Changing help-seeking rates for intimate partner violence in Canada. Women Health. 2005;41(1):1-19.
18. Hyman I, Forte T, Du Mont J, et al. Help-seeking rates for intimate partner violence (IPV) among Canadian immigrant women. Health Care Women Int. 2006;27(8): 682-694.
19. Langton L, Berzofsky M, Krebs C, et al. Victimizations Not Reported to the Police, 2006-2010. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice; 2012.
20. Statistics Canada. Violence Against Women Survey (VAWS). http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function= getSurvey&SDDS= 3896&Item-Id=1712. Accessed June 15, 2013.
21. Andersson N, Cockcroft A, Ansari N, et al. Collecting reliable information about violence against women safely in household interviews: experience from a large-scale national survey in South Asia. Violence Against Women. 2009;15(4): 482-496.
22. Bott S, Guedes A, Goodwin M, et al. Violence Against Women in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Comparative Analysis of Population-Based Data From 12 Countries. Washington, DC: PanAmerican Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2012.
23. Casey SE, Gallagher MC, Rukengeza Makanda B, et al. Care-seeking behavior by survivors of sexual assault in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Am J Public Health. 2011; 101(6):1054-1055.
24. Garcia-Moreno C, Jansen HAFM, Ellsberg M, et al. WHO Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence Against Women: Initial Results on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and Women's Responses. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2005.
25. Hossain M, Zimmerman C, Kiss L, et al. Violence Against Women and Men in Cote d'Ivoire: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Impact of the 'Men & Women in Partnership' Intervention on the Reduction of Violence Against Women and Girls in Rural Cote d'Ivoire-Results From a Community Survey. London, United Kingdom: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; 2010.
26. Hynes M, Ward J, Robertson C, et al. A determination of the prevalence of gender-based violence among conflictaffected populations in East Timor. Disasters. 2004;28(3): 294-321.
27. Kishor S, Hindin MJ. Profiling Domestic Violence: A Multi-Country Study. Calverton, MD: Measure DHS and ORC Macro; 2004.
28. Reza A, Breiding M, Blanton C, et al. Violence Against Children in Swaziland: Findings From a National Survey on Violence Against Children in Swaziland May 15-June 16, 2007. Mbabane, Swaziland: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Swaziland United Nations Children's Fund; 2007.
29. United National's Children's Fund Kenya Country Office, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kenya Bureau of Statistics. Violence Against Children in Kenya: Findings From a National Survey, 2010. Nairobi, Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Children's Fund Kenya Country Office; 2012.
30. United Nations Children's Fund Tanzania Country Office, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences. Violence Against Children in Tanzania: Findings From a National Survey, 2009. Summary Report on the Prevalence of Sexual, Physical and Emotional Violence, Context of Sexual Violence, and Health and Behavioural Consequences of Violence Experienced in Childhood. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: United Nations Children's Fund Tanzania; 2011.
31. International Center for Research on Women, GBV Prevention Network, MRC South Africa. Strengthening Research and Action on Gender-Based Violence in Africa. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women; 2012.
32. Wolf ME, Ly U, Hobart MA, et al. Barriers to seeking police help for intimate partner violence. J Fam Violence. 2003;18(2): 121-129.
33. Ohambe MCO, Muhigwa JBB, Wa Mamba BM. Women's Bodies as a Battleground: Sexual Violence Against Women and Girls During the War in the Democratic Republic of Congo. South Kivu (1996-2003). Uvira and Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo: Réseau des Femmes pour un Développement Associatif, Réseau des Femmes pour la Défense des Droits et la Paix, International Alert; 2005.
34. Njuki R, Okal J, Warren CE, et al. Exploring the effectiveness of the output-based aid voucher program to increase uptake of gender-based violence recovery services in Kenya: a qualitative evaluation. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):426.
35. Dutton MA, Green BL, Kaltman SI, et al. Intimate partner violence, PTSD, and adverse health outcomes. J Interpers Violence. 2006;21(7):955-968.