Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Korean Journal of Urology

Volumn 55, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 153-160

  Hong, Jun Hyuk ^a   Kim, Isaac Y ^b  

^a University of Ulsan College of Medicine   (South Korea)

^b RUTGERS CANCER INSTITUTE OF NEW JERSEY   (United States)

Author keywords

Castration resistant prostatic neoplasm; Neoplasm metastasis; Prostate specific antigen

Indexed keywords

ANGIOPEPTIN; ANTIANDROGEN; ATRASENTAN; BEVACIZUMAB; BICALUTAMIDE; CANCER VACCINE; CILENGITIDE; CLODRONIC ACID; DENOSUMAB; DOCETAXEL; DUTASTERIDE; ENZALUTAMIDE; ERLOTINIB; FLUTAMIDE; GONADORELIN AGONIST; OCTREOTIDE; ORTERONEL; ZIBOTENTAN; ZOLEDRONIC ACID;

BONE METASTASIS; CASTRATION RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; IMAGING; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MALE; METASTASIS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PROSTATECTOMY; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SURVIVAL; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (TOPIC);

EID: 84896459684     PISSN: 20056737     EISSN: 20056745     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4111/kju.2014.55.3.153     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. Siegel R, Ma J, Zou Z, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64:9-29.
2. Jung KW, Won YJ, Kong HJ, Oh CM, Seo HG, Lee JS. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence in 2010. Cancer Res Treat 2013;45:1-14.
3. Kim D, Choi D, Lim JH, Yoon JH, Jeong IG, You D, et al. Changes in prostate cancer aggressiveness over a 12-year period in Korea. Korean J Urol 2012;53:680-5.
4. Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I, Morris M, Sternberg CN, Carducci MA, et al. Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:1148-59.
5. Akaza H. Asian trends in primary androgen depletion therapy on prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2013;10:187-91.
6. Kirby M, Hirst C, Crawford ED. Characterising the castration-resistant prostate cancer population: a systematic review. Int J Clin Pract 2011;65:1180-92.
7. Kim SJ, Kim SI. Current treatment strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Korean J Urol 2011;52:157-65.
8. Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Joniau S, van der Kwast T, et al. EAU Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Advanced, Relapsing, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2014;65:467-79.
9. Bubley GJ, Carducci M, Dahut W, Dawson N, Daliani D, Eisenberger M, et al. Eligibility and response guidelines for phase II clinical trials in androgen-independent prostate cancer: recommendations from the Prostate-Specific Antigen Working Group. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:3461-7.
10. Smith MR, Kabbinavar F, Saad F, Hussain A, Gittelman MC, Bilhartz DL, et al. Natural history of rising serum prostate-specific antigen in men with castrate nonmetastatic prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:2918-25.
11. Smith MR, Cook R, Lee KA, Nelson JB. Disease and host characteristics as predictors of time to first bone metastasis and death in men with progressive castration-resistant nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Cancer 2011;117:2077-85.
12. Tombal B, Lecouvet F. Modern detection of prostate cancer's bone metastasis: is the bone scan era over? Adv Urol 2012;2012: 893-193.
13. Yu EY, Miller K, Nelson J, Gleave M, Fizazi K, Moul JW, et al. Detection of previously unidentified metastatic disease as a leading cause of screening failure in a phase III trial of zibotentan versus placebo in patients with nonmetastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer. J Urol 2012;188:103-9.
14. Smith MR, Saad F, Oudard S, Shore N, Fizazi K, Sieber P, et al. Denosumab and bone metastasis-free survival in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: exploratory analyses by baseline prostate-specific antigen doubling time. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:3800-6.
15. Tannock IF, de Wit R, Berry WR, Horti J, Pluzanska A, Chi KN, et al. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1502-12.
16. Tombal B. Non-metastatic CRPC and asymptomatic metastatic CRPC: which treatment for which patient? Ann Oncol 2012;23 Suppl 10:x251-8
17. NCCN clinical practice guideline in oncology: prostate cancer, version 4.2013 [Internet]. Fort Wathington: National Comprehensive Cancer Network; c2012 [cited 2014 Jan 14]. Available from: http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/prostate.pdf.
18. Cookson MS, Roth BJ, Dahm P, Engstrom C, Freedland SJ, Hussain M, et al. Castration-resistant prostate cancer: AUA Guideline. J Urol 2013;190:429-38.
19. Botticella A, Guarneri A, Filippi AR, Levra NG, Munoz F, Ragona R, et al. May non-metastatic clinically localized castration-resistant prostate cancer after primary androgen ablation benefit from salvage prostate radiotherapy? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013;139:1955-60.
20. Gontero P, Spahn M, Marchioro G, Karnes JR, Briganti A, Frea B, et al. Salvage radical prostatectomy in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients who received previous radiotherapy: a feasibility study. Eur Urol 2014;65:254-5.
21. Chade DC, Eastham J, Graefen M, Hu JC, Karnes RJ, Klotz L, et al. Cancer control and functional outcomes of salvage radical prostatectomy for radiation-recurrent prostate cancer: a systematic review of the literature. Eur Urol 2012;61:961-71.
22. Kelly WK, Scher HI. Prostate specific antigen decline after antiandrogen withdrawal: the flutamide withdrawal syndrome. J Urol 1993;149:607-9.
23. Small EJ, Carroll PR. Prostate-specific antigen decline after casodex withdrawal: evidence for an antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome. Urology 1994;43:408-10.
24. Sartor AO, Tangen CM, Hussain MH, Eisenberger MA, Parab M, Fontana JA, et al. Antiandrogen withdrawal in castrate-refractory prostate cancer: a Southwest Oncology Group trial (SWOG 9426). Cancer 2008;112:2393-400.
25. Suzuki H, Okihara K, Miyake H, Fujisawa M, Miyoshi S, Matsumoto T, et al. Alternative nonsteroidal antiandrogen therapy for advanced prostate cancer that relapsed after initial maximum androgen blockade. J Urol 2008;180:921-7.
26. Narimoto K, Mizokami A, Izumi K, Mihara S, Sawada K, Sugata T, et al. Adrenal androgen levels as predictors of outcome in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with combined androgen blockade using flutamide as a second-line anti-androgen. Int J Urol 2010;17:337-45.
27. Lodde M, Lacombe L, Fradet Y. Salvage therapy with bicalutamide 150 mg in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Urology 2010;76:1189-93.
28. Sartor O, Gomella LG, Gagnier P, Melich K, Dann R. Dutasteride and bicalutamide in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer: the Therapy Assessed by Rising PSA (TARP) study rationale and design. Can J Urol 2009;16:4806-12.
29. European Medicines Agency recommends suspension of marketing authorisations for oral ketoconazole [Internet]. London: European medicines agency; c 2013 [updated 2013 Jul 26; cited 2014 Jan 19]. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2013/07/news_detail_ 001855.jsp.
30. Tombal B, Berges R. Optimal control of testosterone: a clinical case-based approach of modern androgen-deprivation therapy. Eur Urol Suppl 2008;7:15-21.
31. Morote J, Orsola A, Planas J, Trilla E, Raventos CX, Cecchini L, et al. Redefining clinically significant castration levels in patients with prostate cancer receiving continuous androgen deprivation therapy. J Urol 2007;178:1290-5.
32. Lawrentschuk N, Fernandes K, Bell D, Barkin J, Fleshner N. Efficacy of a second line luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist after advanced prostate cancer biochemical recurrence. J Urol 2011;185:848-54.
33. Mason MD, Sydes MR, Glaholm J, Langley RE, Huddart RA, Sokal M, et al. Oral sodium clodronate for nonmetastatic prostate cancer--results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial: Medical Research Council PR04 (ISRCTN61384873). J Natl Cancer Inst 2007;99:765-76.
34. Dearnaley DP, Mason MD, Parmar MK, Sanders K, Sydes MR. Adjuvant therapy with oral sodium clodronate in locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer: long-term overall survival results from the MRC PR04 and PR05 randomised controlled trials. Lancet Oncol 2009;10:872-6.
35. Nelson JB, Love W, Chin JL, Saad F, Schulman CC, Sleep DJ, et al. Phase 3, randomized, controlled trial of atrasentan in patients with nonmetastatic, hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Cancer 2008;113:2478-87.
36. Miller K, Moul JW, Gleave M, Fizazi K, Nelson JB, Morris T, et al. Phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of once-daily oral zibotentan (ZD4054) in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2013;16:187-92.
37. Smith MR, Saad F, Coleman R, Shore N, Fizazi K, Tombal B, et al. Denosumab and bone-metastasis-free survival in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: results of a phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2012;379:39-46.
38. Madan RA, Gulley JL, Schlom J, Steinberg SM, Liewehr DJ, Dahut WL, et al. Analysis of overall survival in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with vaccine, nilutamide, and combination therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14:4526-31.
39. Higano CS, Schellhammer PF, Small EJ, Burch PA, Nemunaitis J, Yuh L, et al. Integrated data from 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials of active cellular immunotherapy with sipuleucel-T in advanced prostate cancer. Cancer 2009;115:3670-9.
40. Kantoff PW, Higano CS, Shore ND, Berger ER, Small EJ, Penson DF, et al. Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;363:411-22.
41. Small EJ, Schellhammer PF, Higano CS, Redfern CH, Nemunaitis JJ, Valone FH, et al. Placebo-controlled phase III trial of immunologic therapy with sipuleucel-T (APC8015) in patients with metastatic, asymptomatic hormone refractory prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:3089-94.
42. Kawalec P, Paszulewicz A, Holko P, Pilc A. Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Med Sci 2012;8:767-75.
43. Attard G, Reid AH, A'Hern R, Parker C, Oommen NB, Folkerd E, et al. Selective inhibition of CYP17 with abiraterone acetate is highly active in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:3742-8.
44. Safety and efficacy study of enzalutamide in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PROSPER) [Internet]. Bethesda: U.S. National Institutes of Health; c2013 [updated 2014 Jan 7; cited 2014 Jan 16]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02003924
45. A study of ARN-509 in men with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (SPARTAN) [Internet]. Bethesda: U.S. National Institutes of Health; c 2013 [updated 2014 Jan 9; cited 2014 Jan 18]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01946204.
46. Rathkopf DE, Morris MJ, Fox JJ, Danila DC, Slovin SF, Hager JH, et al. Phase I study of ARN-509, a novel antiandrogen, in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:3525-30.
47. Safety and efficacy study of TAK-700 in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and a rising prostate-specific antigen [Internet]. Bethesda: U.S. National Institutes of Health; c 2010 [updated 2013 Nov 15; cited 2014 Jan 18]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01046916.
48. Heath EI, Heilbrun LK, Li J, Vaishampayan U, Harper F, Pemberton P, et al. A phase I dose-escalation study of oral BR-DIM (BioResponse 3,3'-Diindolylmethane) in castrate-resistant, non-metastatic prostate cancer. Am J Transl Res 2010;2: 402-11.
49. Morris MJ, Huang D, Kelly WK, Slovin SF, Stephenson RD, Eicher C, et al. Phase 1 trial of high-dose exogenous testosterone in patients with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2009;56:237-44.
50. Manni A, Bartholomew M, Caplan R, Boucher A, Santen R, Lipton A, et al. Androgen priming and chemotherapy in advanced prostate cancer: evaluation of determinants of clinical outcome. J Clin Oncol 1988;6:1456-66.
51. Gardiner RA, Sweeney C, Tilley WD. Testosterone therapy in castrate-resistant prostate cancer: a possible new approach. Eur Urol 2009;56:245-6.
52. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of testosterone replacement in men with non-metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer [Internet]. Bethesda: U.S. National Institutes of Health; c 2007 [updated 2014 Jan 16; cited 2014 Jan 25]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00515112.
53. Ogita S, Tejwani S, Heilbrun L, Fontana J, Heath E, Freeman S, et al. Pilot phase II trial of bevacizumab monotherapy in nonmetastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. ISRN Oncol 2012;2012:242-850.
54. Gravis G, Bladou F, Salem N, Goncalves A, Esterni B, Walz J, et al. Results from a monocentric phase II trial of erlotinib in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 2008;19: 1624-8.
55. Nabhan C, Lestingi TM, Galvez A, Tolzien K, Kelby SK, Tsarwhas D, et al. Erlotinib has moderate single-agent activity in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: final results of a phase II trial. Urology 2009;74:665-71.
56. Study of erlotinib in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer with a rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) on hormone therapy [Internet]. Bethesda: U.S. National Institutes of Health; c 2005 [updated 2011 Jun 24; cited 2014 Jan 25]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00148772.
57. Study of lanreotide in non metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients (POSEIDON) [Internet]. Bethesda: U.S. National Institutes of Health; c 2011 [updated 2013 Apr 23; cited 2014 Jan 18]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01313273.
58. Friedlander TW, Weinberg VK, Small EJ, Sharib J, Harzstark AL, Lin AM, et al. Effect of the somatostatin analog octreotide acetate on circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and related peptides in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: results of a phase II study. Urol Oncol 2012;30:408-14.
59. Alva A, Slovin S, Daignault S, Carducci M, Dipaola R, Pienta K, et al. Phase II study of cilengitide (EMD 121974, NSC 707544) in patients with non-metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer, NCI-6735. A study by the DOD/PCF prostate cancer clinical trials consortium. Invest New Drugs 2012;30:749-57.