Ingenium: Five machines that changed the world

Ingenium: Five Machines That Changed the World

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 1-176

  Denny, Mark ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84896433746     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (116)

1. Baugh, R. A. (1992). Bulletin of Primitive Technology 1:3.
2. Baugh, R. A. (1994). Bulletin of Primitive Technology 1:7.
3. Berners, Lord, trans. (1904). The Chronicles of Froissart, ed. G. C. Macauly. London: Macmillan.
4. Bradbury, J. (1992). The Medieval Archer. Rochester, NY: Boydell and Brewer.
5. Burne, A. H. (1955). The Crécy War. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode.
6. Denny, M. (2003). European Journal of Physics 24:367-378.
7. Diamond, J. (1997). Guns, Germs, and Steel. New York: W W Norton.
8. Fowler, K. (1967). The Age of Plantagenet and Valois. New York: C. F. Putnam.
9. Hardy, R. (1993). The Longbow. New York: Lyons and Burford.
10. Harvie, C., C. Kightly, and K. Wrightson (1980). In The Illustrated Dictionary of British History, ed. Arthur Marwick, p. 80. New York: Thames & Hudson.
11. Hickman, C. N. (1937). Journal of Applied Physics 8:404-409.
12. Hickman's model is also analyzed in Marlow, W. C. (1981). American Journal of Physics 49:320-333.
13. Hickman, C. N. (1959). Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries 2:21-24.
14. Isles, F. J. (1961). Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries 4, available at: http://www.student.utwente.nl/-sagi/artikel//turkish
15. Klopsteg, P. E. (1943). American Journal of Physics 11:175-191.
16. Kooi, B. W. (1981). Journal of Engineering Mathematics 15:119-145.
17. Kooi, B. W. (1991). Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries 34:1.
18. Kooi, B. W., and C. A. Bergman (1997). Antiquity 71:124-134.
19. Kooi, B. W., and J. A. Sparenberg (1980). Journal of Engineering Mathematics 14:27-45.
20. Kooi, B. W., and C. Tuijn (1992). European Journal of Physics 13:127-134.
21. Landels, J. G. (1978). Engineering in the Ancient World, chap. 5. London: Constable.
22. Montgomery, B. (1972). A Concise History of Warfare. London: Collins.
23. Rees, G. (1995). Physics Review 4:2-6.
24. Schuster, B. G. (1969). American Journal of Physics 37:364-373.
25. Seward, D. (1978). The Hundred Years War. New York: Atheneum.
26. Soar, H. (2004). The Crooked Stick: A History of the Longbow. Yardley, PA: Westholme.
27. ®CD 98 Standard Edition. Waterwheels.
28. Brown, H. T (1990). Five Hundred and Seven Mechanical Movements, p. 104. Morristown, NJ: The Astragal Press.
29. Coriolis G. G. J. (1835). l'Ecole Polytechnique 15:142-144.
30. Denny, M. (2004). European Journal of Physics 25:193-202.
31. Douglas, J. F., and R. D. Matthews (1996). Fluid Mechanics, chap. 8. Harlow, United Kingdom: Longman.
32. Dresner, D., ed. (1998). The Hutchinson Encyclopedia. Godalming, United Kingdom: Helicon.
33. Gies, F., and J. Gies (2002). Cathedral, Forge and Waterwheel: Technology and Invention in the Middle Ages. New York: HarperCollins.
34. James, P., and N. Thorpe (1994). Ancient Inventions, chap. 9. New York: Ballantine.
35. Landels, J. G. (1978). Engineering in the Ancient World. London: Constable.
36. Magnusson, R. J. (2001). Water Technology in the Middle Ages, p. 100. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
37. Mason, St. F. (1962). A History of the Sciences. New York: Collier Books.
38. Massey, B. S. (1997). Mechanics of Fluids, p. 131. London: Chapman & Hall.
39. Poncelet biographical sketch, sources: O'Connor, J. J., and E. F. Robertson, article on the University of St. Andrews mathematics department Web site, available at: http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/-history/BiogIndex.html;
40. "Jean Victor Poncelet", available at: http://96. 1911encyclopedia.org/P/PO/PONCELET-JEAN-VICTOR.htm;
41. Lycée Poncelet de Saint-Avold Web site, www.ac-nancy-metz.fr/Pres- etab/PonceletSaintAvold/Histoire/JVP.htm.
42. Smeaton, J. (1759). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 51:100-174.
43. Smeaton biographical sketch, sources: Uglow Lunar Men (see below); Institute of Civil Engineers, www.icivilengineer.com/Famous-Engineers/Smeaton/;
44. American Society of Civil Engineers, on history and heritage, www.asce.org/history/bio-smeaton.html;
45. JSTOR Library Services of University of Michigan; Wikipedia, http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/John-Smeaton.
46. Uglow, J. (2002). The Lunar Men. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
47. Usher, A. P. (1954). A History of Mechanical Inventions, chap. 7. New York: Dover.
48. Armédiéval. A large group of French enthusiasts who have constructed many large counterpoise engines. Many pictures of siege engines, including one with a propped counterweight, are available on their extensive Web site at: www.xenophongroup.com/montjoie/armed-en.htm.
49. Castillo, B. D. Del (2003). The Conquest of New Spain, trans. J. M. Cohen. New York: Penguin.
50. Chevedden, P. E. (2000). in The Invention of the Counterweight Trebuchet: A Study in Cultural Diffusion, ed. A.-M. Talbot. Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 54. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/journals/00707546, html.
51. Chevedden, P. E., L. Eigenbrod, V. Foley, and W. Soedel (1995). Scientific American 273:66-71.
52. Daintith, J., and G. Derek, eds. (1999). A Dictionary of Scientists. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
53. Denny, M. (2005). European Journal of Physics 26:561-577.
54. Djurfeldt, P. http://home.swipnet.se/?w-64205/artillery.html. Patrik has kindly confirmed the conclusions that I have drawn from the recoil observations of his trebuchet.
55. Gleick, J. (2003). Isaac Newton. New York: Random House.
56. Gravett, C. (1990). Medieval Siege Warfare. Oxford: Osprey.
57. Hadingham, E. (January 2000). Smithsonian Magazine 79-87.
58. Hansen, P. V. (1992). Acta Archeologica 63:189-268.
59. Keen, M. H., ed. (1999). Medieval Warfare: A History, p. 115. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
60. Landels, J. G. (1978). Engineering in the Ancient World, chap. 5. London: Constable.
61. Mapes, G. (1991). Wall Street Journal July 30, A1, A10.
62. Middel. See www.middelaldercentret.dk/us-home.htm. The Medieval Center in Denmark maintains this excellent Web site, which details reconstructions of counterpoise engines, with many pictures, and provides a lively historical text. Figures 3.1 and 3.2 are from this site.
63. NOVA. Text and pictures are available at www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ lostempires/trebuchet/builds.html.
64. Payne-Gallwey, R. (1907). Projectile Throwing Engines of the Ancients, pp. 29-30. London: Longman.
65. Simulator. Go to, for example, www.algobeautytreb.com or www.tasigh.org/ingenium/physics.html for simulators and analyses, including the floating-arm trebuchet.
66. Airy, G. B. (1830). Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 3:105-128.
67. Bedini, S. A., ed. (1998). Christopher Columbus and the Age of Exploration, pp. 436-437, 678-679. New York: Da Capo.
68. Bowler, P. J. (1992). The Environmental Sciences. London: HarperCollins.
69. ®CD 98 Standard Edition. Longcase Clock.
70. Bruton, E. (2000). The History of Clocks and Watches. London: Little, Brown & Company.
71. Cook, A. (1998). Edmund Halley. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
72. Daintith, J., and D. Gjertsen, eds. (1999). A Dictionary of Scientists. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
73. Denny, M. (2002). European Journal of Physics 23:449-458.
74. Dresner, D., ed. (1998). The Hutchinson Encyclopedia. Godalming, United Kingdom: Helicon.
75. Harrison biographical sketch, sources: Mason A History of the Sciences;
76. Daintith, J., and Gjertsen, D., eds. A Dictionary of Scientists;
77. and Sobel Longitude.
78. Hooke biographical sketch, sources: Daintith, J., and Gjertsen, D., eds. A Dictionary of Scientists.
79. Chapman, A. (2004). England's Leonardo: Robert Hooke and the Seventeenth-Century Scientific Revolution. Bristol, United Kingdom: Institute of Physics.
80. Huygens biographical sketch, sources: Mahoney M. S. (1980). In Studies on Christiaan Huygens, ed. H. J. M. Bos. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger;
81. Daintith, J., and Gjertsen, D., eds. A Dictionary of Scientists (see above);
82. Sobel Longitude
83. and Usher A History of Mechanical Inventions (see below).
84. James, P., and N. Thorpe (1994). Ancient Inventions, pp. 124-126. New York: Ballantine.
85. Jordan, D. W, and P. Smith (1999). Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations, 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. This book is an excellent introduction to dynamical systems, with many practical examples as well as all the math you need.
86. Landes, D. S. (1983). Revolution in Time. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
87. Le Roy biographical sketch, sources: Mason A History of the Sciences
88. Usher A History of Mechanical Inventions
89. and Sobel Longitude (see below);
90. horological Web site http://www.datacomm.ch/rbu/.
91. Mason, S. F. (1962). A History of the Sciences, p. 271. New York: Macmillan.
92. Menzies, G. (2002). 1421 - The Year China Discovered the World. London: Bantam.
93. Microsoft Encarta (R) Encyclopaedia 2000. CD-ROM. Clocks and Watches.
94. Pagden, A. (2001). Peoples and Empires. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
95. Roy, A. E. (1994). Orbital Motion, chap. 2. Bristol, United Kingdom: Institute of Physics Publishing. Measurement of position on the earth and in the heavens is discussed thoroughly in this undergraduate astronomy text.
96. Sobel, D. (1996). Longitude. London: Fourth Estate.
97. Usher, A. P. (1954). A History of Mechanical Inventions, chap. 8. New York: Dover.
98. Weast, R. C, ed. (1973). CRC Handbook of Physics and Chemistry, 53rd ed., p. F-167. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press.
99. Bennett, S. (1979). A History of Control Engineering 1800-1930, chaps. 2 and 3. Stevenage, United Kingdom: Peter Peregrinous.
100. Deane, P. (1979). The First Industrial Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
101. Denny, M. (2002). European Journal of Physics 23:339-351.
102. Gardiner, J., and N. Wenborn, eds. (1995). The Companion to British History. London: Collins and Brown.
103. Marwick, A., ed. (1980). The Illustrated Dictionary of British History. New York: Thames and Hudson.
104. Mason, S. F. (1962). A History of the Sciences. New York: Macmillan.
105. Maxwell, J. C. (1867-1868). Proceedings of the Royal Society 16:270-283.
106. Maxwell biographical sketch, sources: Daintith, J., and Gjertsen, D., eds. (1999). A Dictionary of Scientists. Oxford: Oxford University Press; O'Connor, J. J., and E. F. Robertson, article on the St. Andrews University Mathematics Department Web site, www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/-history/ Mathematicians/Maxwell.html;
107. James Clerk Maxwell Foundation Web site, http://www. clerkmaxwellfoundation.org/;
108. Wikipedia Web site, http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/James-Clerk-Maxwell.
109. Pontryagin, L. S. (1962). Ordinary Differential Equations. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
110. Uglow, J. (2002). The Lunar Men. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
111. Usher, A. P. (1954). A History of Mechanical Inventions New York: Dover.
112. Vyshnegradskii, I. A. (1877). Civilingenieur 28:96-132.
113. Watt biographical sketch, sources: Deane The First Industrial Revolution
114. Uglow Lunar Men
115. and Mason A History of the Sciences.
116. Daintith, J., and Gjertsen, D., eds. (1999). A Dictionary of Scientists. Oxford, Oxford University Press.