The SOAR (Stroke subtype, Oxford Community Stroke Project classification, Age, prestroke modified Rankin) score strongly predicts early outcomes in acute stroke

International Journal of Stroke

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 278-283

  Myint, Phyo Kyaw ^a,b,c   Clark, Allan B ^a   Kwok, Chun Shing ^b   Davis, John ^d   Durairaj, Ramesh ^e   Dixit, Anand K ^f   Sharma, Anil K ^e   Ford, Gary A ^d   Potter, John F ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

^b NORFOLK AND NORWICH UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^d NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL AINTREE   (United Kingdom)

^f FREEMAN HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Length of stay; Mortality; Prognosis; Prognosis score; Stroke

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION; CLINICAL PRACTICE; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCORING SYSTEM; STROKE SUBTYPE OXFORD COMMUNITY STROKE PROJECT CLASSIFICATION AGE PRESTROKE MODIFIED RANKIN SCORE; VERY ELDERLY;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; LENGTH OF STAY; MORTALITY; PROGNOSIS; PROGNOSIS SCORE; STROKE;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; LENGTH OF STAY; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; STROKE;

EID: 84896317515     PISSN: 17474930     EISSN: 17474949     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ijs.12088     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Hinchey JA, Furlan AJ, Frank JI, Kay R, Misch D, Hill C. Is in-hospital stroke mortality an accurate measure of quality of care? Neurology 1998; 50:619-625.
2. Wang Y, Lim LL, Levi C, Heller RF, Fischer J. A prognostic index for 30-day mortality after stroke. J Clin Epidemiol 2001; 54:766-773.
3. Counsell C, Dennis M, McDowall M, Warlow C. Predicting outcome after acute and subacute stroke development and validation of new prognostic models. Stroke 2002; 33:1041-1047.
4. Weimar C, Ziegler A, König IR, Diener HC. Predicting functional outcome and survival after acute ischaemic stroke. J Neurol 2002; 249:888-895.
5. Wang Y, Lim LL, Heller RF, Fisher J, Levi CR. A prediction model of 1-year mortality for acute ischaemic stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2003; 84:1006-1011.
6. Weimar C, Konig IR, Kraywinkel K, Ziegler A, Diener HC, German Stroke Study collaboration. Age and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score within 6 hours after onset are accurate predictors of outcomes after cerebral ischaemia development and external validation of prognostic models. Stroke 2004; 35:158-162.
7. Johnston KC, Wagner DP, Wang XQ etal. Validation of an acute ischaemic stroke model: does diffusion-weighted imaging lesion volume offer a clinically significant improvement in prediction of outcome? Stroke 2007; 38:1820-1825.
8. Smith EE, Shobha N, Dai D etal. Risk score for in-hospital ischemic stroke mortality derived and validated within the Get With the Guidelines-Stroke Program. Circulation 2010; 122:1496-1504.
9. Saposnik G, Kapral MK, Liu Y etal. IScore: a risk score to predict death early after hospitalization for an acute ischaemic stroke. Circulation 2011; 123:739-749.
10. Tuhrim S, Dambrosia JM, Price TR etal. Intracerebral hemorrhage: external validation and extension of a model for prediction of 30-day survival. Ann Neurol 1991; 29:658-663.
11. Hemphill JC 3rd, Bonovich DC, Besmertis L, Manley GT, Johnston SC. The ICH score: a simple, reliable grading scale for intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 2001; 32:891-897.
12. Cheung RT, Zou LY. Use of the original, modified, or new intracerebral hemorrhage score to predict mortality and morbidity after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 2003; 34:1717-1722.
13. Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M, Burn J, Warlow C. Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction. Lancet 1991; 337:1521-1526.
14. Kwok CS, Clark A, Ford GA etal. Association between prestroke disability and inpatient mortality and length of acute hospital stay after acute stroke. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012; 60:726-732. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03889.x.
15. Farrell B, God J, Richards S, Warlow C. The United Kingdom transient ischaemic attack (UK-TIA) aspirin trial: final results. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991; 54:1044-1054.
16. Moons KG, Harrell FE, Steyerberg EW. Should scoring rules be based on odds ratios or regression coefficients? J Clin Epidemiol 2002; 55:1054-1055.
17. Spiegelhalter DJ. Probabilistic prediction in patient management and clinical trials. Stat Med 1986; 5:421-433.
18. Harrell FE, Lee KL Mark DB. Multivariable prognostic models: issues in developing models, evaluating assumptions and adequacy, and measuring and reducing errors. Stat Med 1996; 15:361-387.
19. Cuzick JA. Wilcoxon-type test for trend. Stat Med 1985; 4:87-89.
20. Heuschmann PU, Kolominsky-Rabas PL, Misselwitz B etal. Predictors of in-hospital mortality and attributable risks of death after ischaemic stroke: the German Stroke Registers Study Group. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164:1761-1768.
21. Rodgers H, Dennis M, Cohen D, Rudd A, British Association of Stroke Physicians. British Association of Stroke Physicians: benchmarking survey of stroke services. Age Ageing 2003; 32:211-217.
22. National Audit Office Report. Reducing Brain Damage: Faster Access to Better Stroke Care. London, Department of Health, HMSO, 2005.
23. National Sentinel Stroke Audit. Phase II (Clinical Audit), 2008. Report for England, Wales and Northern Ireland. London, Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. Clinical Effectiveness and Evaluation Unit, Royal College of Physicians of London, 2009.
24. Espallargues M, Philp I, Seymour DG etal. Measuring case-mix and outcome for older people in acute hospital care across Europe: the development and potential of the ACMEplus instrument. QJM 2008; 101:99-109.
25. Sandercock PA, Warlow CP, Price SM. Incidence of stroke in Oxfordshire: first year's experience of a community stroke register. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1983; 287:713-717.
26. Caplan LR. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Lancet 1992; 339:656-658.
27. Saxena SK, Ng TP, Yong D, Fong NP, Gerald K. Total direct cost, length of hospital stay, institutional discharges and their determinants from rehabilitation settings in stroke patients. Acta Neurol Scand 2006; 114:307-314.
28. Roberts L, Counsell C. Assessment of clinical outcomes in acute stroke trials. Stroke 1998; 29:986-991.
29. van Straten A, van der Meulen JHP, van den Bos GA, Limburg M. Length of hospital stay in discharge delays in stroke patients. Stroke 1997; 28:137-140.
30. Reed SD, Blough DK, Meye K, Jarvik JG. Inpatient costs, length of stay, and mortality for cerebrovascular events in community hospitals. Neurology 2001; 57:305-314.
31. Chang KC, Tseng MC, Weng HH, Lin YH, Liou CW, Tan TY. Prediction of length of stay of first-ever ischaemic stroke. Stroke 2002; 33:2670-2674.