Characteristics of cold pools observed in narrow valleys and dependence on external conditions

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 140, Issue 679, 2014, Pages 715-728

  Sheridan, P F ^a   Vosper, S B ^a   Brown, A R ^a  

^a MET OFFICE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

COLPEX; Complex terrain; Drainage; Hill; Sheltering; Stable boundary layer; Temperature

Indexed keywords

DRAINAGE; LAKES; TEMPERATURE; TWO DIMENSIONAL;

COLPEX; COMPLEX TERRAINS; HILL; SHELTERING; STABLE BOUNDARY LAYER;

LANDFORMS;

AIR MASS; AIR TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY LAYER; COLD AIR; COLD POOL; COMPLEX TERRAIN; DRAINAGE; HILL; RADIOSONDE; VALLEY;

EID: 84896029436     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: 1477870X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.2159     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Adler B, Whiteman CD, Hoch SW, Lehner M, Kalthoff N. 2012. Warm-air intrusions in Arizona's Meteor crater. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 51: 1010-1025.
2. Bell RC, Thompson RORY. 1980. Valley ventilation by cross winds. J. Fluid Mech. 96: 757-767.
3. Bodine D, Klein PM, Arms SC, Shapiro A. 2009. Variability of surface air temperature over gently sloped terrain. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 48: 1117-1141.
4. Clements CB, Whiteman CD, Horel JD. 2003. Cold-air-pool structure and evolution in a mountain basin: Peter sinks. J. Appl. Meteorol. 42: 752-768.
5. Daly C, Conklin DR, Unsworth MH. 2009. Local atmospheric decoupling in complex topography alters climate change impacts. Int. J. Climatol. 30: 1857-1864.
6. Davies T, Cullen MJP, Malcolm AJ, Mawson MH, Staniforth A, White AA, Wood N. 2005. A new dynamical core for the Met Office's global and regional modelling of the atmosphere. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 131: 1759-1782.
7. Dorninger M, Whiteman CD, Bica B, Eisenbach S, Pospichal B, Steinacker R. 2011. Meteorological events affecting cold-air pools in a small basin. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol, 50: 2223-2234.
8. Gustavsson T, Karlsson M, Bogren RA, Lindqvist S. 1998. Development of temperature patterns during clear nights. J. Appl. Meteorol. 57: 559-571.
9. Haiden T, Whiteman CD, Hoch SW, Lehner M. 2011. A mass-flux model of nocturnal cold air intrusions into a closed basin. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 50: 933-943.
10. Hoch ST, Whiteman CD, Mayer B. 2011. A systematic study of longwave radiative heating and cooling within valleys and basins using a three-dimensional radiative transfer model. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 50: 2473-2489.
11. Iijima Y, Shinoda M. 2000. Seasonal changes in the cold-air pool formation in a subalpine hollow, Central Japan. Int. J. Climatol. 20: 1471-1483.
12. Kiefer MT, Zhong S. 2011. An idealised modeling study of nocturnal cooling processes inside a small enclosed basin. J. Geophys. Res. 116: D20127, DOI: 10.1029/2011JD016119.
13. Lapworth AJ, Claxton BM. 2010. The effect of terrain on the evening wind. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 136: 1763-1772.
14. Lean HW, Clark PA, Dixon M, Roberts NM, Fitch A, Forbes R, Halliwell C. 2008. Characteristics of high-resolution versions of the Met Office Unified Model for forecasting convection over the United Kingdom. Mon. Weather Rev. 136: 3408-3424.
15. Marshall SJ, Sharp MJ, Burgess DO, Anslow FA. 2007. Near-surface-temperature lapse rates on the Prince of Wales icefield, Ellesmere Island, Canada: implications for regional downscaling of temperature. Int. J. Climatol. 27: 385-398.
16. Pepin NC, Seidel DJ. 2005. A global comparison of surface and free-air temperatures at high elevations. J. Geophys. Res. 110: D03104, DOI: 10.1029/2004JD005047.
17. Pepin N, Benham D, Taylor K. 1999. Modeling lapse rates in the maritime uplands of northern England: implications for climate change. Arctic Antarctic Alpine Res. 31: 151-164.
18. Price JD, Vosper S, Brown A, Ross A, Clark P, Davies F, Horlacher V, Claxton B, McGregor JR, Hoare JS, Jemmett-Smith B, Sheridan P. 2011. COLPEX: Field and numerical studies over a region of small hills. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 92: 1636-1650.
19. Reeves HD, Stensrud DJ. 2009. Synoptic-scale flow and valley cold pool evolution in the western united states. Weather Forecasting 24: 1625-1643.
20. Savage CL, Zhong S, Yao W, Brown WJO, Horst TW, Whiteman CD. 2008. An observational and numerical study of a regional-scale downslope flow in northern Arizona. J. Geophys. Res. 113: D14114, DOI: 10.1029/2007JD009623.
21. Sheridan PF, Smith SA, Brown AR, Vosper SB. 2010. A simple height-based correction for temperature downscaling in complex terrain. Meteorol. Appl. 17: 329-339.
22. Smith SA, Brown AR, Vosper SB, Murkin PA, Veal AT. 2010. Observations and simulations of cold air pooling in valleys. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 134: 85-108.
23. Steinacker R, Whiteman CD, Dorninger M, Pospichal B, Eisenbach S, Holzer AM, Weihs P, Mursch-Radlgruber E, Baumann K. 2007. A sinkhole field experiment in the eastern Alps. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 88: 701-716.
24. Vosper SB, Brown AR. 2008. Numerical simulations of sheltering in valleys: the formation of night-time cold-air pools. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 127: 429-448.
25. Vosper SB, Hughes JK, Lock AP, Sheridan PF, Ross AN, Jemmett-Smith B, Brown AR. 2013. Cold pool formation in a narrow valley. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. DOI: 10.1002/qj.2160 (in press).
26. Whiteman CD. 1990. Observations of thermally developed wind systems in complex terrain. Meteorol. Monogr. 23: 5-42. Amer. Meteorol. Soc: Boston, MA.
27. Whiteman CD, Eisenbach S, Pospichal B, Steinacker R. 2004a. Comparison of vertical soundings and sidewall air temperature measurements in a small Alpine basin. J. Appl. Meteorol. 43: 1635-1647.
28. Whiteman CD, Haiden T, Pospichal B, Eisenbach S, Steinacker R. 2004b. Minimum temperatures, diurnal temperature ranges, and temperature inversions in limestone sinkholes of different sizes and shapes. J. Appl. Meteorol. 43: 1224-1236.
29. Whiteman CD, de Wekker SFJ, Haiden T. 2007. Effect of dewfall and frostfall on night-time cooling in a small, closed basin. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 46: 3-13.
30. Whiteman CD, Muschinski A, Zhong S, Fritts D, Hoch SW, Hahnenberger M, Yao W, Hohreiter V, Behn M, Cheon Y, Clements CB, Horst TW, Brown WOJ, Oncley SP. 2008. METCRAX 2006: Meteorological experiments in Arizona's Meteor crater. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 89: 1665-1680.
31. Whiteman CD, Hoch SW, Lehner M, Haiden T. 2010. Nocturnal cold-air intrusions into a closed basin: Observational evidence and conceptual model. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 49: 1894-1905.
32. Yao W, Zhong S. 2009. Nocturnal temperature inversions in a small, enclosed basin and their relationship to ambient atmospheric conditions. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 103: 195-210.
33. Zängl G. 2004. A re-examination of the valley wind system in the Alpine Inn Valley with numerical simulations. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 87: 241-256.
34. Zängl G. 2005. Large-scale flow interactions with the Alps and their impact on the low-level temperature field in the northern foreland. Meteorol. Z. 14: 379-386.
35. Zängl G. 2009. The impact of weak synoptic forcing on the valley-wind circulation in the Alpine Inn Valley. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 105: 37-53.