Feature-specific terrain park-injury rates and risk factors in snowboarders: A case-control study

British Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 48, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 23-28

  Russell, Kelly ^a,b   Meeuwisse, Willem H ^a   Nettel Aguirre, Alberto ^a   Emery, Carolyn A ^a   Wishart, Jillian ^a   Romanow, Nicole T R ^a   Rowe, Brian H ^c   Goulet, Claude ^d   Hagel, Brent E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CANADA; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CHILD; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INJURY; INJURY SCALE; MALE; RISK FACTOR; SKIING; STATISTICS;

EPIDEMIOLOGY; INJURY PREVENTION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ALBERTA; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; INJURY SEVERITY SCORE; MALE; RISK FACTORS; SKIING;

EID: 84895009944     PISSN: 03063674     EISSN: 14730480     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091912     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Emery CA, Meeuwisse WH, McAllister JR. Survey of sport participation and sport injury in Calgary and area high schools. Clin J Sport Med 2006;16:20-6.
2. Canadian Ski Council. Canadian skier and snowboarder-facts and stats. Collingwood, ON: Canadian Ski Council, 2010.
3. Kim S, Endres NK, Johnson RJ, et al. Snowboarding injuries: trends over time and comparison with alpine skiing injuries. Am J Sports Med 2012;40:770-6.
4. Sulheim S, Holme I, Rødven A, et al. Risk factors for injuries in alpine skiing, telemark skiing and snowboarding-case-control study. Br J Sports Med 2011;45:1303-9.
5. Ronning R, Ronning I, Gerner T, et al. The efficacy of wrist protectors in preventing snowboarding injuries. Am J Sports Med 2001;29:581-5.
6. Shealy JE, Ettlinger CF. Gender-related injury patterns in skiing. In: Mote CD Jr., et al., eds. Skiing trauma and safety: tenth volume. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1996:45-57. 1996 1996.
7. Boldrino C, Furian G. Risk factors in skiing and snowboarding in Austria. In: Johnson RJ, eds. Skiing trauma and safety: twelth volume, ASTM STP 1345. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1999:166-74.
8. Langran M, Selvaraj S. Increased injury risk among first-day skiers, snowboarders, and skiboarders. Am J Sports Med 2004;32:96-103.
9. Hasler RM, Berov S, Benneker L, et al. Are there risk factors for snowboard injuries? A case-control multicentre study of 559 snowboarders. Br J Sports Med 2010;44:816-21.
10. Russell K, Christie J, Hagel BE. The effect of helmets on the risk of head and neck injuries among skiers and snowboarders: a meta-analysis. Can Med Assoc J 2010;182:333-40.
11. Russell K, Hagel B, Francescutti LH. The effect of wrist guards on wrist and arm injuries among snowboarders: a systematic review. Clin J Sport Med 2007;17:145-50.
12. Ishimaru D, Ogawa H, Wakahara K, et al. Hip pads reduce the overall risk of injuries in recreational snowboarders. Br J Sports Med 2012;46:1055-8.
13. Fernie. RCR Focuses on Terrain Park Safety by Removing Jumps [August 21, 2008].
14. Bridges EJ, Rouah F, Johnston KM. Snowblading injuries in Eastern Canada. Br J Sports Med 2003;37:511-15.
15. Brooks MA, Evans MD, Rivara FP. Evaluation of skiing and snowboarding injuries sustained in terrain parks versus traditional slopes. Inj Prev 2010;16:119-22.
16. Moffat C, McIntosh S, Bringhurst J, et al. Terrain park injuries. Western J Emerg Med 2009;10:257-62.
17. Greve MW, Young DJ, Goss AL, et al. Skiing and snowboarding head injuries in 2 areas of the United States. Wilderness Environ Med 2009;20:234-8.
18. Goulet C, Hagel B, Hamel D, et al. Risk factors associated with serious ski patrol-reported injuries sustained by skiers and snowboarders in snow-parks and on other slopes. Can J Public Health 2007;98:402-6.
19. Ruedl G, Kopp M, Sommersacher R, et al. Factors associated with injuries occurred on slope intersections and in snow parks compared to on-slope injuries. Accid Anal Prev 2013;50:1221-5.
20. Ruedl G, Schobersberger W, Pocecco E, et al. Sport injuries and illnesses during the first Winter Youth Olympic Games 2012 in Innsbruck, Austria. Br J Sports Med 2012;46:1030-7.
21. Bahr R, Krosshaug T. Understanding injury mechanisms: a key component of preventing injuries in sport. Br J Sports Med 2005;39:324-9.
22. Meeuwisse WH, Hagel BE, Emery CE, et al. A dynamic model of etiology in sport injury: the recursive nature of risk and causation. Clin J Sports Med 2007;17:215-19.
23. Hagel BE, Russell K, Goulet C, et al. Helmet use and risk of neck injury in skiers and snowboarders. Am J Epi 2010;171:1134-43.
24. Tarazi F, Dvorak MF, Wing PC. Spinal injuries in skiers and snowboarders. Am J Sports Med 1999;27:177-80.
25. Mueller BA, Cummings P, Rivara FP, et al. Injuries of the head, face, and neck in relation to ski helmet use. Epidemiol 2008;19:270-6.
26. Stuart AA. A test for homogeneity of the marginal distributions in a two-wy classification. Biometrika 1955;42:412-16.
27. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977;33:159-74.
28. Ulm K. A simple method to calculate the confidence interval of a standard mortality ration (SMR). Am J Epi 1990;131:373-5.
29. Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL, eds. Modern epidemiology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008:116.
30. Mickey RM, Greenland S. The impact of confounder selection criteria on effect estimation. Am J Epidemiol 1989;129:125-37.
31. Harrell FEJ, Lee KL, Mark DB. Multivariable prognostic models: issues in developing models, evaluating assumptions and adequacy, and measuring and reducing errors. Stat Med 1996;15:361-87.
32. Royston P. Multiple imputation of missing values: further update of ice, with an emphasis on categorical variables. Stata Journal 2009;9:466-77.
33. Stata. 11 ed. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP, 2009.
34. Russell K, Hagel BE, Goulet C. Snowboarding. In: Caine DJ, Harmer PA, Schiff MA, eds. Epidemiology of injury in olympic sports. The encyclopedia of sports medicine. 16. Chicester, West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2010:447-72.
35. Lipskie TL, Birkett N, Pickett W, et al. Risk for snowboarding and skiing injury. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:S72.
36. Shealy JE, Ettlinger CF. Third end of decade analysis of snow sports injuries in the USA. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2004;12:171.
37. Torjussen J, Bahr R. Injuries among elite snowboarders (FIS Snowboard World Cup). Br J Sports Med 2006;40:230-4.
38. Ruedl G, Pocecco E, Wolf M, et al. Does listening to music with an audio ski helmet impair reaction time to peripheral stimuli? Int J Sports Med 2012;33:1016-19.
39. Keays G, Pless IB. Impact of a celebrity death on children's injury related emergency room visits. Can J Public Health 2010;101:115-18.