Vascular risk factors and cognitive decline in a population sample

Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 9-15

  Ganguli, Mary ^a   Fu, Bo ^a   Snitz, Beth E ^a   Unverzagt, Frederick W ^c   Loewenstein, David A ^d   Hughes, Tiffany F ^a   Chang, Chung Chou H ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI MILLER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

aging; cognitive impairment; community study; epidemiology; longitudinal study; prospective study

Indexed keywords

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COGNITION; COGNITION DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84894482720     PISSN: 08930341     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000004     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Jellinger KA. Pathology and pathogenesis of vascular cognitive impairment - a critical update. Front Aging Neurosci. 2013; 5:17.
2. Schneider JA, Arvanitakis Z, Leurgans SE, et al. The neuropathology of probable Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Ann Neurol. 2009;66:200-208.
3. Seshadri S, Wolf PA, Beiser A, et al. Stroke risk profile, brain volume, and cognitive function. The Framingham Offspring Study. Neurology. 2004;63:1591-1599.
4. Gorelick PB, Scuteri A, Black SE, et al. AHA/ASA scientific statement: vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia. Stroke. 2011;42:2672-2713.
5. Welsh-Bohmer KA, Breitner JCS, Hayden KM, et al. for the Cache County Study Group. Modifying dementia risk and trajectories of cognitive decline in aging: the Cache County Memory Study. Alzheimers Dement. 2006;2:257-260.
6. GanguliM, Snitz B, Vander Bilt J, et al.Howmuch do depressive symptoms affect cognition at the population level? The Monongahela- Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT) study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24:1277-1284, 200.
7. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-Mental State:" a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12:189-198.
8. Mungas D, Marshall SC, Weldon M, et al. Age and education correction of Mini-Mental State Examination for English and Spanish-speaking elderly. Neurology. 1996;46:700-706.
9. Ganguli M, Snitz BE, Lee C-W, et al. Age and education effects and norms on a cognitive test battery from a population-based cohort: the Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT). Aging Ment Health. 2010; 14:109-116.
10. Ganguli M, Fu B, Snitz BE, et al. Mild cognitive impairment: incidence and vascular risk factors in a population-based cohort. Neurology. 2013;80:2112-2120.
11. Czernichow S, Kengne A-P, Stamatakis E, et al. Body mass index, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio: which is the better discriminator of cardiovascular disease mortality risk? Evidence from an individual-participant meta-analysis of 82, 864 participants from nine cohort studies. Obes Rev. 2011; 12:680-687.
12. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937-952.
13. Shlipak MG, Sarnak MJ, Katz R, et al. Cystatin C and the risk of death and cardiovascular events among elderly persons. New Engl J Med. 2005;352:2049-2060.
14. Gerstein HC. Glycosylated hemoglobin: finally ready for prime time as a cardiovascular risk factor. Ann Int Med. 2004;141: 475-476.
15. Seshadri S, Beiser A, Selhub J, et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. New Engl J Med. 2002;346:476-483.
16. Strandberg TE, Tilvis RS. C-reactive protein, cardiovascular risk factors, and mortality in a prospective study in the elderly. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20:1057-1060.
17. Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, et al. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin Chem. 1974;20:470-475.
18. Warnick GR, Albers JJ. A comprehensive evaluation of heparin-manganese precipitation procedure for estimating high density lipoprotein cholesterol. J Lipid Res. 1978;19: 65-76.
19. Klein JP, Moeschberger ML. Survival Analysis: Techniques for Censored and Truncated Data. ISBN: 038795399X. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2003.
20. SAS Institute Inc. SAS v9.2, released 2010. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc; 2010.
21. Roberts RO, Knopman DS, Geda YE, et al. Association of diabetes with amnestic and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;pii:S1552-5260(13)00013-17.
22. Roberts RO, Geda YE, Knopman DS, et al. Cardiac disease associated with increased risk of nonamnestic cognitive impairment: stronger effect on women. JAMA Neurol. 2013;70:374-382.
23. Luchsinger JA, Reitz C, Patel B, et al. Relation of diabetes to mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol. 2007;64:570-575.
24. Reitz C, Tang MX, Manly J, et al. Hypertension and the risk of mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol. 2007;64:1734-1740.
25. Del Ser T, Barba R, Morin MM, et al. Cognitive impairment after stroke and risk factors for delayed progression. Stroke. 2005;36:2670-2675.
26. Desmond DW, Moroney JT, Sano M, et al. Recovery of cognitive function after stroke. Stroke. 1996;27:1798-1803.
27. Balestrini S, Perozzi C, Altamura C, et al. Severe carotid stenosis and impaired cerebral hemodynamics can influence cognitive deterioration. Neurology. 2013;80:2145-2150.
28. Luchsinger JA, Biggs ML, Kizer JR, et al. Adiposity and cognitive decline in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Neuroepidemiology. 2013;40:274-281.
29. Gustafson DR, Ba?ckman K, Joas E, et al. 37 years of body mass index and dementia: observations from the prospective population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;28:163-171.
30. Anstey KJ, Cherbuin N, Budge M, et al. Body mass index in midlife and late-life as a risk factor for dementia: a metaanalysis of prospective studies. Obes Rev. 2011;12:e426-e437.
31. Agarwal DP. Cardioprotective effects of light to moderate alcohol consumption. A review of putative mechanisms. Alcohol Alcohol. 2002;37:409-441.
32. Solomon A, Kivipelto M, Wolozin B, et al. Midlife serum cholesterol and increased risk of Alzheimer's and vascular dementia three decades later. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2009;28:75-80.
33. Mielke MM, Zandi PP, Sjogren M, et al. High total cholesterol levels in late life associated with a reduced risk of dementia. Neurology. 2005;64:1689-1695.
34. Mielke MM, Zandi PP, Shao H, et al. The 32-year relationship between cholesterol and dementia from midlife to late life. Neurology. 2010;75:1888-1895.
35. Joas E, Ba?ckman K, Gustafson D, et al. Blood pressure trajectories from midlife to late life in relation to dementia in women followed for 37 years. Hypertension. 2012;59:796-801.
36. De La Torre J. Cardiovascular risk factors promote brain hypoperfusion leading to cognitive decline and dementia. Cardiovas Psychiatry Neurol. 2012. doi:10.1155/2012/367516.
37. Novak V, Hajjar I. The relationship between blood pressure and cognitive function. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010;7:686-698.
38. Vuorinen M, Solomon A, Rovio S, et al. Changes in vascular risk factors from midlife to late life and white matter lesions: a 20-year followup study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2011; 31:119-125.
39. Gustafson DR. Adiposity and cognitive decline: underlying mechanisms. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;30(suppl 2):S97-112.
40. Arvanitakis Z, Wilson RS, Bienias JL, et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer disease and decline in cognitive function. Arch Neurol. 2004;61:661-666.