Carnitine and fat oxidation

Nestle Nutrition Institute Workshop Series

Volumn 76, Issue , 2013, Pages 13-23

  Stephens, Francis B ^a   Galloway, Stuart D R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARNITINE; GLYCOGEN;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ENDURANCE; EXERCISE; HUMAN; LIPID METABOLISM; METABOLISM; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSIOLOGY; SKELETAL MUSCLE;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; CARNITINE; EXERCISE; GLYCOGEN; HUMANS; LIPID METABOLISM; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE;

EID: 84894320719     PISSN: 16642147     EISSN: 16642155     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1159/000350224     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (34)

1. Romijn JA, Coyle EF, Sidossis LS, et al. Relationship between fatty acid delivery and fatty acid oxidation during strenuous exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1995; 79: 1939-1945
2. van Loon LJ, Greenhaff PL, Constantin-Teodosiu D, et al. The effects of increasing exercise intensity on muscle fuel utilisation in humans. J Physiol. 2001; 536: 295-304
3. Achten J, Gleeson M, Jeukendrup AE. Determination of the exercise intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002; 34: 92-97
4. Bergstrom J, Hermansen L, Hultman E, Saltin B. Diet, muscle glycogen and physical performance. Acta Physiol Scand. 1967; 71: 140-150
5. Johnson RH, Walton JL, Krebs HA, Williamson RH. Metabolic fuels during and after severe exercise in athletes and nonathletes. Lancet. 1969; 2: 452-455
6. McGarry JD, Mills SE, Long CS, Foster DW. Observations on the affinity for carnitine, and malonyl-CoA sensitivity, of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in animal and human tissues. Demonstration of the presence of malonyl-CoA in non-hepatic tissues of the rat. Biochem J 1983; 214: 21-28
7. Fritz IB, Marquis NR. The role of acylcarnitine esters and carnitine palmityltransferase in the transport of fatty acyl groups across mitochondrial membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1965; 54: 1226-1233
8. McGarry JD, Brown NF. The mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase system. From concept to molecular analysis. Eur J Biochem. 1997; 244: 1-14
9. Cederblad G, Lindstedt S, Lundholm K. Concentration of carnitine in human muscle tissue. Clin Chim Acta. 1974; 53: 311-321
10. Fraser F, Zammit VA. Enrichment of carnitine palmitoyltransferases I and II in the contact sites of rat liver mitochondria. Biochem J 1998; 329: 225-229
11. Idell-Wenger JA, Grotyohann LW, Neely JR. Coenzyme A and carnitine distribution in normal and ischemic hearts. J Biol Chem. 1978; 253: 4310-4318
12. Dyck DJ, Peters SJ, Wendling PS, et al. Regulation of muscle glycogen phosphorylase activity during intense aerobic cycling with elevated FFA. Am J Physiol. 1996; 270: E116-E125
13. Smith BK, Bonen A, Holloway GP A dual mechanism of action for skeletal muscle FAT/CD36 during exercise. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2012; 40: 211-217
14. Wall BT, Stephens FB, Marimuthu K, et al. Acute pantothenic acid and cysteine supplementation does not affect muscle coenzyme A content, fuel selection, or exercise performance in healthy humans. J Appl Physiol. 2012; 112: 272-278
15. Coyle EF, Jeukendrup AE, Wagenmakers AJ, Saris WH. Fatty acid oxidation is directly regulated by carbohydrate metabolism during exercise. Am J Physiol. 1997; 273: E268-E275
16. Bavenholm PN, Pigon J, Saha AK, et al. Fatty acid oxidation and the regulation of malonyl-CoA in human muscle. Diabetes. 2000; 49: 1078-1083
17. Roepstorff C, Halberg N, Hillig T, et al. Malonyl-CoA and carnitine in regulation of fat oxidation in human skeletal muscle during exercise. Am J Physiol. 2005; 288: E133-E142
18. Bezaire V, Heigenhauser GJ, Spriet LL. Regulation of CPT I activity in intermyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondria from human and rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 286: E85-E91
19. Harris RC, Foster CV, Hultman E. Acetylcarnitine formation during intense muscular contraction in humans. J Appl Physiol. 1987; 63: 440-442
20. Sahlin K. Muscle carnitine metabolism during incremental dynamic exercise in humans. Acta Physiol Scand. 1990; 138: 259-262
21. Constantin-Teodosiu D, Carlin JI, Cederblad G, et al. Acetyl group accumulation and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in human muscle during incremental exercise. Acta Physiol Scand. 1991; 143: 367-372
22. Constantin-Teodosiu D, Cederblad G, Hultman E. PDC activity and acetyl group accumulation in skeletal muscle during prolonged exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1992; 73: 2403-2407
23. Stephens FB, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Laithwaite D, et al. An acute increase in skeletal muscle carnitine content alters fuel metabolism in resting human skeletal muscle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 91: 5013-5018
24. Wall BT, Stephens FB, Constantin-Teodosiu D, et al. Chronic oral ingestion of L -carnitine and carbohydrate increases muscle carnitine content and alters muscle fuel metabolism during exercise in humans. J Physiol. 2011; 589: 963-973
25. Foster CV, Harris RC. Total carnitine content of the middle gluteal muscle of thoroughbred horses: normal values, variability and effect of acute exercise. Equine Vet J 1992; 24: 52-57
26. Stephens FB, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Greenhaff PL. New insights concerning the role of carnitine in the regulation of fuel metabolism in skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 2007; 581: 431-444
27. Wachter S, Vogt M, Kreis R, et al. Long-Term administration of L -carnitine to humans: effect on skeletal muscle carnitine content and physical performance. Clin Chim Acta. 2002; 318: 51-61
28. Stephens FB, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Laithwaite D, et al. Insulin stimulates L -carnitine accumulation in human skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2006; 20: 377-379
29. Soop M, Bjorkman O, Cederblad G, et al. Influence of carnitine supplementation on muscle substrate and carnitine metabolism during exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1988; 64: 2394-2399
30. Galloway SD, Craig TP, Cleland SJ. Effects of oral L -carnitine supplementation on insulin sensitivity indices in response to glucose feeding in lean and overweight/obese males. Amino Acids. 2011; 41: 507-515
31. De Gaetano A, Mingrone G, Castagneto M, Calvani M. Carnitine increases glucose disposal in humans. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999; 18: 289-295
32. Brass EP, Scarrow AM, Ruff LJ, et al. Carnitine delays rat skeletal muscle fatigue in vitro. J Appl Physiol. 1993; 75: 1595-1600
33. Timmons J, Poucher S, Constantin-Teodosiu D, et al. Metabolic responses from rest to steady state determine contractile function in ischemic skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 1997; 273: E233-E238
34. Campbell-O'Sullivan SP, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Peirce N, Greenhaff PL. Low intensity exercise in humans accelerates mitochondrial ATP production and pulmonary oxygen kinetics during subsequent more intense exercise. J Physiol. 2002; 538: 931-939