History of myocardial iron loading is a strong risk factor for diabetes mellitus and hypogonadism in adults with β thalassemia major

European Journal of Haematology

Volumn 92, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 229-236

  Ang, Ai Leen ^a,b   Tzoulis, Ploutarchos ^a   Prescott, Emma ^a   Davis, Bernard A ^a   Barnard, Maria ^a   Shah, Farrukh T ^a  

^a WHITTINGTON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b SINGAPORE GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Diabetes mellitus; Hemosiderosis; Hypogonadism; T2*; Thalassemia major

Indexed keywords

DIABETES MELLITUS; HEMOSIDEROSIS; HYPOGONADISM; T2*; THALASSEMIA MAJOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; BETA-THALASSEMIA; CHELATING AGENTS; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; FERRITINS; HUMANS; HYPOGONADISM; IRON; IRON OVERLOAD; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIUM; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84894081388     PISSN: 09024441     EISSN: 16000609     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12224     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Thuret I, Pondarré C, Loundou A, et al. Complications and treatment of patients with β-thalassaemia in France: results of the National Registry. Haematologica 2010;95:724-9.
2. Borgna-Pignatti C, Rugolotto S, De Stefano P, et al. Survival and complications in patients with thalassaemia major treated with transfusion and deferoxamine. Haematologica 2004;89:1187-93.
3. Cunningham MJ, Macklin EA, Neufeld EJ, et al. Complications of beta-thalassaemia major in North America. Blood 2004;104:34-9.
4. Yardumian A, Telfer P, Darbyshire P, et al. Standards for the Clinical Care of Children and Adults with Thalassaemia in the UK, 2nd edn. London: United Kingdom Thalassaemia Society, 2008.
5. Farmaki K, Tzoumari I, Pappa C, Chouliaras G, Berdoukas V. Normalisation of total body iron load with very intensive combined chelation reverses cardiac and endocrine complications of thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol 2010;148:466-75.
6. Au WY, Lam WW, Chu WW, et al. A cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging assessment of organ specific hemosiderosis in 180 thalassaemia major patients in Hong Kong. Haematologica 2008;93:784-6.
7. Au WY, Lam WW, Chu W, Tam S, Wong WK, Liang R, Ha SY. A T2* magnetic resonance imaging study of pancreatic iron overload in thalassaemia major. Haematologica 2008;93:116-9.
8. Papakonstantinou O, Ladis V, Kostaridou S, Maris T, Berdousi H, Kattamis C, Gourtsoyiannis N. The pancreas in beta-thalassaemia major: MR imaging features and correlation with iron stores and glucose disturbances. Eur Radiol 2007;17:1535-43.
9. Matter RM, Allam KE, Sadony AM. Gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging study of pancreatic iron overload in young Egyptian beta-thalassaemia major patients and effect of splenectomy. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2010;2:23.
10. World Health Organization and International Diabetes Federation. Definition and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Intermediate Hyperglycaemia: report of a WHO/IDF consultation. 2006. ISBN 92-4-159493 4.
11. Anderson LJ, Holden S, Davis B, et al. Cardiovascular T2-star (T2*) magnetic resonance for the early diagnosis of myocardial iron overload. Eur Heart J 2001;22:2171-9.
12. Kirk P, He T, Anderson LJ, et al. International reproducibility of single breathhold T2* MR for cardiac and liver iron assessment among five thalassaemia centers. J Magn Reson Imaging 2010;32:315-9.
13. St Pierre TG, Clark PR, Chua-anusorn W, Fleming AJ, Jeffrey GP, Olynyk JK, Pootrakul P, Robins E, Lindeman R. Noninvasive measurement and imaging of liver iron concentrations using proton magnetic resonance. Blood 2005;105:855-61.
14. Noetzli LJ, Panigrahy A, Mittelman SD, Hyderi A, Dongelyan A, Coates TD, Wood JC. Pituitary iron and volume predict hypogonadism in transfusional iron overload. Am J Hematol 2012;87:167-171.
15. Noetzli LJ, Papudesi J, Coates TD, Wood JC. Pancreatic iron loading predicts cardiac iron loading in thalassaemia major. Blood 2009;114:4021-6.
16. Noetzli LJ, Mittelman SD, Watanabe RM, Coates TD, Wood JC. Pancreatic iron and glucose dysregulation in thalassaemia major. Am J Hematol 2012;87:155-60.
17. Angelucci E, Brittenham GM, McLaren CE, Ripalti M, Baronciani D, Giardini C, Galimberti M, Polchi P, Lucarelli G. Hepatic iron concentration and total body iron stores in thalassaemia major. N Engl J Med 2000;343:327-31.
18. Piperno A. Classification and diagnosis of iron overload. Haematologica 1998;83:447-55.
19. Jensen PD, Jensen FT, Christensen T, Eiskjaer H, Baandrup U, Nielsen JL. Evaluation of myocardial iron by magnetic resonance imaging during iron chelation therapy with deferrioxamine: indication of close relation between myocardial iron content and chelatable iron pool. Blood 2003;101:4632-9.
20. Noetzli LJ, Carson SM, Nord AS, Coates TD, Wood JC. Longitudinal analysis of heart and liver iron in thalassaemia major. Blood 2008;112:2973-8.
21. Buja LM, Roberts WC. Iron in the heart. Etiology and clinical significance. Am J Med 1971;51:209-21.
22. Anderson LJ, Westwood MA, Holden S, Davis B, Prescott E, Wonke B, Porter JB, Walker JM, Pennell DJ. Myocardial iron clearance during reversal of siderotic cardiomyopathy with intravenous desferrioxamine: a prospective study using T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Br J Haematol 2004;127:348-55.
23. Midiri M, Lo Casto A, Sparacia G, D'Angelo P, Malizia R, Finazzo M, Montalto G, Solbiati L, Lagalla R, De Maria M. MR imaging of pancreatic changes in patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassaemia major. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999;173:187-92.
24. Belhoul KM, Bakir ML, Saned MS, Kadhim AM, Musallam KM, Taher AT. Serum ferritin levels and endocrinopathy in medically treated patients with β thalassaemia major. Ann Hematol 2012;91:1107-14.
25. Ang AL, Shah FT, Davis BA, Thomas A, Murugachandran G, Kumuradevan J, Garbowski MJ, Porter JB. Deferiprone is associated with lower serum ferritin relative to liver iron concentration than deferoxamine and deferasirox. Blood (ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts) 2010;118:4246.
26. Propper RD, Cooper B, Rufo RR, Nienhuis AW, Anderson WF, Bunn HF, Rosenthal A, Nathan DG. Continuous subcutaneous administration of deferoxamine in patients with iron overload. N Engl J Med 1977;297:418-23.