Exposure to heat stress in urban environments

Ecologies and Politics of Health

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 219-238

  Wilhelmi, Olga ^a   de Sherbinin, Alex ^b   Hayden, Mary ^c  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^b Center for International Forestry Research   (United States)

^c Global Health and Health Disparities   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84893460605     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203115527     Document Type: Chapter

References (94)

1. Adger, W.N. (2006) Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change 16(3): 268-281.
2. Alcoforado, M.J. and Andrade, H. (2008) Global warming and the urban heat island. In Urban Ecology, J.M. Marzluff, E. Shulenberger, W. Endlicher, M. Alberti, G. Bradley, C. Ryan, U. Simon, and C. ZumBrunnen (eds). New York, NY: Springer, 249-262.
3. Battisti, D.S. and Naylor, R.L. (2009) Historical warnings of future food insecurity with unprecedented seasonal heat. Science 323: 240-244.
4. Bennet, E.M., Carpenter, S.R., Peterson, G.D., Cummings, G.S., Zuerk, M., and Pingali, P. (2003) Why global scenarios need ecology. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1: 322-329.
5. Buyantuyev, A. and Wu, J. (2010) Urban heat islands and landscape heterogeneity: linking spatiotemporal variations in surface temperatures to land-cover and socio-economic patterns. Landscape Ecology 25: 17-33.
6. Cao, L., Li, P., Zhang, L., and Chen, T. (2008) Remote sensing image-based analysis of the relationship between urban heat island and vegetation fraction. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XXXVII(B7).
7. CDC (Centers for Disease Control). (2009) Extreme heat: a prevention guide to promote your personal health and safety. See www.bt.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/heat_ guide.asp (accessed 19 June 2012).
8. Chan, N.Y., Stacey, M.T., Smith, A.E., Ebi, K.L., and Wilson, T.F. (2001) An empirical mechanistic framework for heat related illness. Climate Research 16: 133-143.
9. Cheung, I. (2002) Extreme heat, ground level ozone concentration, and the urban heat island effect in the Washington DC metropolitan area. In Proceedings for the North America Urban Heat Island Summit sponsored by the Toronto Atmospheric Fund and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toronto, Canada, May 2002. See www. cleanairpartnership.org/pdf/finalpaper_cheung.pdf (accessed 19 June 2012).
10. CIESIN. (2011) Global rural-urban mapping project, version 1 (GRUMPv1): urban extents grid. Palisades, NY: Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC), Columbia University.
11. Curriero, F.C., Heiner, K.S., Samet, J.M., Zeger, S.L., Strug, L., and Patz, J.A. (2002) Temperature and mortality in 11 cities of the eastern United States. American Journal of Epidemiology 155: 80-87.
12. Davis, R.E., Knappenberger, P.C., Michaels, P.J., and Novicoff, W.M. (2004) Seasonality of climate-human mortality relationships in US cities. Climate Research 26: 61-76.
13. Diffenbaugh, N.S. and Ashfaq, A. (2010) Intensification of hot extremes in the United States. Geophysical Research Letters 37: L15701 (doi:10.1029/2010GL043888).
14. Eakin, H. and Luers, A.L. (2006) Assessing the vulnerability of social-environmental systems. Annual Review of Environmental Resources 31: 365-394.
15. Ebi, K. and Meehl, G.A. (2007) Heat waves and global climate change, the heat is on: climate change and heat waves in the Midwest. In Regional Impacts of Climate Change: Four Case Studies in the United States. Arlington, VA: Pew Center on Global Climate Change, 8-21.
16. Emmanuel, R. and Johansson, E. (2006) Influence of urban morphology and sea breeze on hot humid microclimate: the case of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Climate Research 30(3): 189-200.
17. EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). (undated) Environmental justice. See www.epa.gov/compliance/environmentaljustice (accessed 19 June 2012).
18. EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). (2006) Excessive Heat Events Guidebook. EPA report. See www.epa.gov/hiri/about/pdf/EHEguide_final.pdf (accessed 19 June 2012).
19. Filleul, L., Cassadou, S., Medina, S., Fabres, P., Lefranc, A., Eilstein, D., Le Tertre, A., Pascal, L., Chardon, B., Blanchard, M., Declercq, C., Jusot, J.F., Prouvost, H., and Ledrans, M. (2006) The relation between temperature, ozone, and mortality in nine French cities during the heat wave of 2003. Environmental Health Perspectives 114(9): 1344-1347.
20. Folke, C. (2006) Resilience: the emergence of a perspective for social-ecological systems analysis. Global Environmental Change 16: 253-267.
21. Fougères, D. (2007) Climate Change, Environmental Justice, and Human Rights in California's Central Valley: A Case Study. See www.ciel.org/Publications/Climate/ CaseStudy_CentralValleyCA_Nov07.pdf (accessed 19 June 2012).
22. Fouillet, A., Rey, G., Laurent, F., Pavillon, G., Bellec, S., Guihenneuc-Joyaux, C., Clavel, J., Jougla, E., and Hemon, D. (2006) Excess mortality related to the August 2003 heat wave in France. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 80(1): 16-24.
23. Frumkin, H., Hess, J., Luber, G., Malilay, J., and McGeehin, M. (2008) Climate change: the public health response. American Journal of Public Health 98(3): 435-445.
24. Ganguly, A.R., Steinhaeusser, K., Erickson, D.J. III, Branstetter, M., Parish, E.S., Singh, N., Drake, J.B., and Buja, L. (2009) Higher trends but larger uncertainty and geographic variability in 21st century temperature and heat waves. Proceedings of the National Academies of Science 106(37): 15,555-15,559.
25. Garssen, J., Harmsen, C., and de Beer, J. (2005) The effect of the summer 2003 heat wave on mortality in the Netherlands. Eurosurveillance 10(7): 165-168.
26. Gosling, S.N., Lowe, J.A., McGregor, G.R., Pelling, M., and Malamud, B.D. (2009) Associations between elevated atmospheric temperature and human mortality: a critical review of the literature. Climatic Change 92(3-4): 299-341.
27. Guest, C.S., Willson, K., Woodward, A.J., Hennessy, K., Kalkstein, L.S., Skinner, C., and McMichael, A.J. (1999) Climate and mortality in Australia: retrospective study, 1979-90, and predicted impacts in five major cities in 2030. Climate Research 13: 1-15.
28. Hajat, S. and Kosatsky, T. (2010) Heat-related mortality: a review and exploration of heterogeneity. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 64: 753-760.
29. Hajat, S., Armstrong, B., Baccini, M., Biggeri, A. Bisani, L., Russo, A., Paldy, A., Menne, B., and Kosatsky, T. (2006) Impact of high temperatures on mortality: is there an added heat wave effect? Epidemiology 17: 632-638.
30. Harlan, S.L., Brazel, A.J., Prashad, L., Stefanov, W.L., and Larsen, L. (2006) Neighborhood microclimates and vulnerability to heat stress. Social Science and Medicine 63: 2847-2863.
31. Harlan, S.L., Brazel, A.J., Jenerette, G.D., Jones, N.S., Larsen, L., Prashad, L., and Stefanov, W.L. (2008) In the shade of affluence: the inequitable distribution of the urban heat island. In Equity and the Environment, T. I. K. Youn (ed.). Research in Social Problems and Public Policy, volume 15. Bradford, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, 173-202.
32. Hayden, M.H., Brenkert-Smith, H., and Wilhelmi, O.V. (2011) Differential adaptive capacity to extreme heat: a Phoenix, Arizona case study. Weather, Climate and Society 3(4): 269-280.
33. Hayhoe, K., Cayan, D., Field, C.B., Frumhopff, P.C., Maurer, E.P., Miller, N.L., Moser, S.C., Schneider, S.H., Cahill, K.N., Cleland, E.E., Dale, L., Drapek, R., Hanemann, R.M., Kalkstein, L.S., Lenihan, J., Lunch, C.K., Neilson, R.P., Sheridan, S.C., and Verville, J.H. (2004) Emissions pathways, climate change, and impacts on California. PNAS 101: 12,422-12,427.
34. Helman, R.S. and Habal, R. (2009) Heatstroke. See http://emedicine.medscape.com/ article/166320-overview (accessed 19 June 2012).
35. Holling, C.S. (1973) Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 4: 1-23.
36. Holling, C.S. (1986) The resilience of terrestrial ecosystems: local surprise and global change. In Sustainable Development of the Biosphere, W.C. Clark and R.E. Munn (eds). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 292-317.
37. Huang, W., Kan, H. and Kovats, S. (2010) The impact of the 2003 heat wave on mortality in Shanghai, China. Science of the Total Environment 408: 2418-2420.
38. ICLEI (International Council on Local Environmental Initiatives). (undated) Hot Cities = Dirty Air, Cool Cities = Clean Air: How To Prevent Killer Heat Waves and Save Money at the Same Time. See www.iclei.org/documents/Global/Progams/CCP/ ICLEI_HotCities.pdf (accessed 19 June 2012).
39. Imhoff, M.L., Zhang, P., Wolfe, R.E., and Bounoua, L. (2010) Remote sensing of the urban heat island effect across biomes in the continental USA. Remote Sensing of Environment 114(3): 504-513.
40. IPCC (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
41. Jardine, D.S. (2007) Heat illness and heat stroke. Pediatrics in Review 28: 249-258.
42. Javed, M., Rahman, A., Viet Hoa, P., and Joshi, P.K. (2009) Assessment of night-time urban surface temperature-land use/cover relationship for thermal urban environment studies using optical and thermal satellite data TS 1G-remote sensing for sustainable development. 7th FIG Regional Conference Spatial Data Serving People: Land Governance and the Environment-Building the Capacity Hanoi, Vietnam, 19-22 October.
43. Johnson, D.P., Wilson, J.S., and Luber, G.C. (2009) Socioeconomic indicators of heatrelated health risk supplemented with remotely sensed data. International Journal of Health Geographics 8: 57.
44. Kalkstein, L.S. and Greene, J.S. (2007) An analysis of potential heat-related mortality increases in US cities under a business-as-usual climate change scenario. See www. as.miami.edu/geography/research/climatology/Heat-Mortality_Report_FINAL.PDF (accessed 7 July 2012).
45. Kalkstein, L.S. and Smoyer, K.E. (1993), The impact of climate change on human health: some international implications. Experimentia 49: 44-64.
46. Karl, T.R. and Knight, R.W. (1997) The 1995 Chicago heat wave: how likely is a recurrence? Bulletin of American Meteorological Society 78: 1107-1119.
47. Kilbourne, E.M. (1997) Heat waves and hot environments. In The Public Health Consequences of Disasters, E.J. Noji (sd). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 245-269.
48. Kinney, P.L., O'Neill, M.S., Bell, M.L., and Schwartz, J. (2008) Approaches for estimating effects of climate change on heat-related deaths: challenges and opportunities. Environmental Science and Policy, 11: 87-96.
49. Klinenberg, E. (2002) Heat Wave: A Social Autopsy of Disaster in Chicago. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
50. Kovats R. and Hajat, S. (2008) Heat stress and public health: a critical review. Annual Reviews Public Health 29: 41-55.
51. Kuttler, W. (2008) The urban climate: basic and applied aspects. In Urban Ecology, J.M. Marzluff, E. Shulenberger, W. Endlicher, M. Alberti, G. Bradley, C. Ryan, U. Simon, and C. ZumBrunnen (eds). New York, NY: Springer, 233-248.
52. Lee, C. (2002) Environmental justice: building a unified vision of health and the environment. Environmental Health Perspectives 110(2): 141-144.
53. Le Tertre, A., Lefranc, A., Eilstein, D., Declercq, C., Medina, S., Blanchard, M., Chardon, B., Fabre, P., Filleul, L., Jusot, J., Pascal, L., Prouvost, H., Cassadou, S., and Ledrans, M. (2006) Impact of the 2003 heat wave on all-cause mortality in 9 French cities. Epidemiology 17: 75-79.
54. Luber, G. and McGeehin, M. (2008) Climate change and extreme heat events. American Journal of Preventative Medicine 35(5): 429-435.
55. McCarthy, M.P., Best, M.J., and Betts, R.A. (2010) Climate change in cities due to global warming and urban effects. Geophysical Research Letters 37: L09705.
56. McGregor, G.R., Pelling, M., Wolf, T., and Gosling, S. (2007) Social Impacts of Heat-Waves. Science Report SC020061/SR6. Rotherham, UK: Environment Agency.
57. McMichael, A., Campbell-Lendrum, D.H., Corvalan, C.F. Ebi, K.L., Githeko, A., Scherago, J.D., and Woodward, A. (2003) Climate Change and Human Health. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
58. Medina-Ramon, M., Zanobetti, A., and Schwartz, J. (2006) Extreme temperature and mortality: assessing effect modification by personal characteristics and specific cause of death in a multicity case-only analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives 114: 1331-1336.
59. Meehl, G.A. and Tebaldi, C. (2004) More intense, more frequent, and longer lasting heat waves in the 21st century. Science 305: 994-997.
60. Michelozzi, P., de Donato, F., Bisanti, L., Russo, A., Cadum, E., DeMaria, M., D'Ovidio, M., Costa, G., and Perucci, C.A. (2005) The impact of the summer 2003 heat waves on mortality in four Italian cities. European Surveillance 10(7): pii-556. See www. eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=556 (accessed 19 June 2012).
61. Nasrallah, H.A., Brazel, A., and Balling Jr., R.C. (1990) Analysis of the Kuwait city urban heat island. International Journal of Climatology 10: 401-405.
62. NW S (NO AA National Weather Service). (2009) National Weather Service glossary. See www.weather.gov/glossary/index.php?letter=h (accessed 19 June 2012).
63. Oke, T.R. (1987) Boundary Layer Climates. New York, NY: Methuen.
64. Oleson, K.W. Bonan, G.B. and Feddema, J. (2010) The effects of white roofs on the global urban heat island. Geophysical Research Letters 37: L03701 (doi:10.1029/2009GL042194).
65. O'Neill, M.S. and Ebi, K.L. (2009) Temperature extremes and health: impacts of climate variability and change in the United States. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 51(1): 13-25.
66. O'Neill, M.S., Zanobetti, A., and Schwartz, J. (2003) Modifiers of the temperature and mortality association in seven US cities. American Journal of Epidemiology 157: 1074-1082.
67. O'Neill, M.S., Zanobetti, A., and Schwartz, J. (2005) Disparities by race in heat-related mortality in four US cities: the role of air conditioning prevalence. Journal of Urban Health 82: 191-197.
68. Parida, B.R., Oinam, B., Patel, N.R., Sharma, N., Kandwal, R., and Hazarika, M.K. (2008) Land surface temperature variation in relation to vegetation type using MODIS satellite data in Gujarat state of India. International Journal of Remote Sensing 29(14): 4219-4235.
69. Pascal, M., Laaidi, K., Ledrans, M., Baffert, E., Caserio-Schönemann, C., Le Tertre, A., Manach, J., Medina, S., Rudant, J., and Empereur-Bissonnet, P. (2005) France's heat health watch warning system. International Journal of Biometeorology 50(3): 144-153.
70. Patz, J.A., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Holloway, T., and Foley, J.A. (2005) Impact of regional climate change on human health. Nature 438(17): 310-317.
71. Reid, C.E., O'Neill, M.S., Gronlund, C., Brines, S., Brown, D., Diez-Roux, A., and Schwartz, J. (2009) Mapping community determinants of heat vulnerability. Environmental Health Perspectives 117: 1730-1736.
72. Robinson, P.J. (2001) On the definition of a heat wave. Journal of Applied Meteorology 40:762-775.
73. Romero-Lankao, P., Wilhelmi, O., Cordova Borbor, M., Parra, D., Behrenz, E., and Dawidowski, L. (forthcoming) Health, development and climate in Latin American cities: old and new challenges. In The Changing Environment for Human Security: New Agendas for Research, Policy, and Action, K. O'Brien, L. Sygna, and J. Wolf, (eds). Oslo, Norway: GECHS.
74. Roth, M. (2007) Review of urban climate research in (sub)tropical regions. International Journal of Climatology, 27: 1859-1873.
75. Ruddell, D.M., Harlan, S.L., Grossman-Clarke, S., and Buyantuyev, A. (2010) Risk and exposure to extreme heat in microclimates of Phoenix, AZ. Geotechnologies and the Environment 2(2): 179-202.
76. de Sherbinin, A. (2008) Integration of poverty and remote sensing data. Paper presented at the Expert Group Meeting on Slum Identification Using Geo-Information Technology, 21-23 May, Enschede, Netherlands.
77. Schneider, A., Friedl, M.A., and Potere, D. (2009) A new map of global urban extent from MODIS data. Environmental Research Letters 4: Article ID044003.
78. Schuman, S.H. (1972) Patterns of urban heat-wave deaths and implications for prevention: data from New York and St Louis during July 1966. Environmental Research 5: 59-75.
79. Semenza, J.C., Rubin, C.H., Falter, K.H., Selanikio, J.D., Flanders, W.D., Howe, H.L., and Wilhelm, J.L. (1996) Heat-related deaths during the July 1995 heat wave in Chicago. New England Journal of Medicine 335: 84-90.
80. Semenza, J.C., Wilson, D.J., Parra, J., Bontempo, B.D., Hart, M., Sailor, D.J., and George, L.A. (2008) Public perception and behavior change in relationship to hot weather and air pollution. Environmental Research 107: 401-411.
81. Sheridan, S.C. and Kalkstein, L.S. (2004) Progress in heat watch-warning system technology. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 85: 1931-41.
82. Smit, B. and Wandell, J. (2006) Adaptation, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability. Global Environmental Change 16: 282-292.
83. Smoyer, K.E. (1998) Putting risk in its place: methodological considerations for investigating extreme event health risk. Social Science and Medicine 47: 1809-1824.
84. Tiangco, M., Lagmay, A.M.F., and Argete, J. (2008) ASTER-based study of the nighttime urban heat island effect in Metro Manila. International Journal of Remote Sensing 29(10): 2799-2818.
85. Uejio, C., Wilhelmi, O., Samenow, J., Golden, J., and Mills, J. (2011) Intra-urban spatial patterns of societal vulnerability to extreme heat. Health and Place 17: 498-507.
86. UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). (2008) Fighting Climate Change: Human Solidarity in a Divided World. Human Development Report 2007/2008. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
87. Vandentorren, S., Bretin, P., Zeghnoun, A., Mandereau-Bruno, L., Croisier, A., Cochet, C., Ribéron, J., Siberan, I., Declercq, B., and Ledrans, M. (2006) August 2003 heat wave in France: risk factors for death of elderly people living at home. European Journal of Public Health 16(6): 583-591.
88. Weeks, J., Hill, A.G., Stow, D.A., Getis, A., Agyei-Mensah, S., and Anarfi, J.K. (2005) Intra-urban differentials in poverty and health in Accra, Ghana. Paper presented at the IUSSP International Population Conference, Tours, France, 18-23 July.
89. White-Newsome, J., O'Neill, M. S., Gronlund, C., Sunbury, T. M., Brines, S.J., Parker, E., Brown, D.G., Rood, R. B., and Rivera, Z. (2009) Climate change, heat waves, and environmental justice: advancing knowledge and action. Environmental Justice 2(4): 197-205.
90. Wienert, U. and Kuttler, W. (2005) The dependence of the urban heat island intensity on latitude: a statistical approach. Meteorolgische Zeitschrift 14(5): 677-686.
91. Wilhelmi, O.V. and Hayden, M.H. (2010) Connecting people and place: a new framework for reducing urban vulnerability to extreme heat. Environmental Research Letters 5: 014021 (doi:10.1088/1748-9326/5/1/014021).
92. Wilhelmi, O.V., Purvis, K.L., and Harriss, R.C. (2004) Designing a geospatial information infrastructure for the mitigation of heat wave hazards in urban areas. Natural Hazards Review 5(3): 147-158.
93. Zhang, K., Wang, R., Shen, C., and Da, L. (2010) Temporal and spatial characteristics of the urban heat island during rapid urbanization in Shanghai, China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 169: 101-112.
94. Zhou, Y. and Shepherd, J.M. (2009) Atlanta's urban heat island under extreme heat conditions and potential mitigation strategies. Natural Hazards 52(3): 639-668.