메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 33, Issue , 2013, Pages 82-95

Using landscape structure to develop quantitative baselines for protected area monitoring

Author keywords

Biodiversity indicators; Habitat fragmentation; Landscape heterogeneity; Protected areas monitoring

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; MONITORING; NETWORK FUNCTION VIRTUALIZATION; PIXELS; STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 84893417463     PISSN: 1470160X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.08.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (78)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 34249832496 scopus 로고
    • The r.Le programs for multiscale analysis of landscape structure using the GRASS geographical information system
    • Baker, W.L., Cai, Y., 1992. The r.le programs for multiscale analysis of landscape structure using the GRASS geographical information system. Landscape Ecol. 7, 291-302.
    • (1992) Landscape Ecol , vol.7 , pp. 291-302
    • Baker, W.L.1    Cai, Y.2
  • 2
    • 0028996060 scopus 로고
    • Characterising spatial structure of forest landscapes
    • Baskent, E.Z., Jordan, G.A., 1995. Characterising spatial structure of forest landscapes. Can. J. Forest Res. 25, 1830-1849.
    • (1995) Can. J. Forest Res. , vol.25 , pp. 1830-1849
    • Baskent, E.Z.1    Jordan, G.A.2
  • 3
    • 0031027459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple formula for calculating the lower limit of Shannon's diversity index
    • Beisel, J.-N., Moreteau, J.-C., 1997. A simple formula for calculating the lower limit of Shannon's diversity index. Ecol. Model. 99, 289-292.
    • (1997) Ecol. Model. , vol.99 , pp. 289-292
    • Beisel, J.-N.1    Moreteau, J.-C.2
  • 4
    • 62549151267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delivering a global terrestrial observation system through remote sensing
    • Buchanan, G.M., Nelson, A., Mayaux, P., Hartley, A., Donald, P.F., 2008. Delivering a global terrestrial observation system through remote sensing. Conserv. Biol. 23, 499-502.
    • (2008) Conserv. Biol. , vol.23 , pp. 499-502
    • Buchanan, G.M.1    Nelson, A.2    Mayaux, P.3    Hartley, A.4    Donald, P.F.5
  • 6
    • 33644751732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns of plant richness across treeline ecotones in the Pyrenees reveal different locations for richness and tree cover boundaries
    • Camarero, J.J., Gutiérrez, E., Fortin, M.J., 2006. Spatial patterns of plant richness across treeline ecotones in the Pyrenees reveal different locations for richness and tree cover boundaries. Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 15, 182-191.
    • (2006) Global Ecol. Biogeogr. , vol.15 , pp. 182-191
    • Camarero, J.J.1    Gutiérrez, E.2    Fortin, M.J.3
  • 7
    • 84895071999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of landscape ecological analysis to determine ecotone locations: An evaluation based on field data
    • Choesin, D.N., 2001. Use of landscape ecological analysis to determine ecotone locations: an evaluation based on field data. Jurnal Matematika dan Sains 6, 91-99.
    • (2001) Jurnal Matematika Dan Sains , vol.6 , pp. 91-99
    • Choesin, D.N.1
  • 9
    • 84920044630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gradient paradigm: A conceptual and analytical framework for landscape ecology
    • Cushman, S.A., Huettmann, F. (Eds.), Springer, Tokyo, Japan
    • Cushman, S.A., Gutzweiler, K., Evans, J.S., McGarigal, K., 2010. The gradient paradigm: a conceptual and analytical framework for landscape ecology. In: Cushman, S.A., Huettmann, F. (Eds.), Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 83-108.
    • (2010) Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation , pp. 83-108
    • Cushman, S.A.1    Gutzweiler, K.2    Evans, J.S.3    McGarigal, K.4
  • 11
    • 13944263687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing isolation of protected areas in tropical forests over the past twenty years
    • DeFries, R., Hansen, A., Newton, A.C., Hansen, M.C., 2005. Increasing isolation of protected areas in tropical forests over the past twenty years. Ecol. Appl. 15, 19-26.
    • (2005) Ecol. Appl. , vol.15 , pp. 19-26
    • DeFries, R.1    Hansen, A.2    Newton, A.C.3    Hansen, M.C.4
  • 12
    • 0003636591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land Cover Classification System (LCCS): Classification Concepts and User Manual for Software Version 2
    • Rome
    • Di Gregorio, A., Jansen, L.J.M., 2005. Land Cover Classification System (LCCS): Classification Concepts and User Manual for Software Version 2. FAO Environment and Natural Resources Service Series, No. 8, Rome.
    • (2005) FAO Environment and Natural Resources Service Series , Issue.8
    • Di Gregorio, A.1    Jansen, L.J.M.2
  • 13
    • 84855916279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the conceptual foundations of habitat fragmentation research
    • Didham, R.K., Kapos, V., Ewers, R.M., 2012. Rethinking the conceptual foundations of habitat fragmentation research. Oikos 121, 161-170.
    • (2012) Oikos , vol.121 , pp. 161-170
    • Didham, R.K.1    Kapos, V.2    Ewers, R.M.3
  • 14
    • 34547106294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a large area biodiversity monitoring system driven by remote sensing
    • Duro, D.C., Coops, N.C., Wulder, M.A., Han, T., 2007. Development of a large area biodiversity monitoring system driven by remote sensing. Prog. Phys. Geogr. 31, 235-260.
    • (2007) Prog. Phys. Geogr. , vol.31 , pp. 235-260
    • Duro, D.C.1    Coops, N.C.2    Wulder, M.A.3    Han, T.4
  • 16
    • 84857176769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EEA, Luxembourg. ISBN 978-92-9213-164-7. ISSN 1725-2237
    • EEA, 2010. EU 2010 Biodiversity Baseline. Luxembourg. ISBN 978-92-9213-164-7. ISSN 1725-2237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2800/6160.
    • (2010) EU 2010 Biodiversity Baseline
  • 20
    • 0842322908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity
    • Fahrig, L., 2003. Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 34, 487-515.
    • (2003) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. , vol.34 , pp. 487-515
    • Fahrig, L.1
  • 22
    • 79957611670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing spatial patterns of invasive species using sub-pixel classifications
    • Frazier, A.E., Wang, L., 2011. Characterizing spatial patterns of invasive species using sub-pixel classifications. Rem. Sens. Environ. 115, 1997-2007.
    • (2011) Rem. Sens. Environ. , vol.115 , pp. 1997-2007
    • Frazier, A.E.1    Wang, L.2
  • 24
    • 0030422578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying landscape structure: A review of landscape indices and their application to forested landscapes
    • Haines-Young, R., Chopping, M., 1996. Quantifying landscape structure: a review of landscape indices and their application to forested landscapes. Phys. Geogr. 4, 418-445.
    • (1996) Phys. Geogr. , vol.4 , pp. 418-445
    • Haines-Young, R.1    Chopping, M.2
  • 25
    • 0000006498 scopus 로고
    • Diversity and evenness: A unifying notation and its consequences
    • Hill, M.O., 1973. Diversity and evenness: a unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology 54, 427-432.
    • (1973) Ecology , vol.54 , pp. 427-432
    • Hill, M.O.1
  • 26
    • 0030916773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evenness statistic based on the abundance-weighted variance of species proportions
    • Hill, M.O., 1997. An evenness statistic based on the abundance-weighted variance of species proportions. Oikos 79, 413-416.
    • (1997) Oikos , vol.79 , pp. 413-416
    • Hill, M.O.1
  • 27
    • 60449095674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of topography and surface roughness in analyses of landscape structure - A proposal to modify the existing set of landscape metrics
    • Hoechstetter, S., Walz, U., Dang, L.H., Thinh, N.X., 2008. Effects of topography and surface roughness in analyses of landscape structure - a proposal to modify the existing set of landscape metrics. Landscape Online 3, 1-14.
    • (2008) Landscape Online , vol.3 , pp. 1-14
    • Hoechstetter, S.1    Walz, U.2    Dang, L.H.3    Thinh, N.X.4
  • 28
    • 0000752502 scopus 로고
    • The nonconcept of species diversity: A critique and alternative parameters
    • Hurlbert, S.H., 1971. The nonconcept of species diversity: a critique and alternative parameters. Ecology 52, 577-586.
    • (1971) Ecology , vol.52 , pp. 577-586
    • Hurlbert, S.H.1
  • 29
    • 84880246887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • INSPIRE Thematic Working Group Coordinate Reference Systems and Geographical Rid Systems, accessed on March 21, 2012
    • INSPIRE Thematic Working Group Coordinate Reference Systems and Geographical Rid Systems, 2010. D2.8.I.1 INSPIRE Specification on Coordinate Reference Systems - Guidelines., http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/Data- Specifications/INSPIRE-Specification-CRS-v3.1.pdf (accessed on March 21, 2012).
    • (2010) D2.8.I.1 INSPIRE Specification on Coordinate Reference Systems - Guidelines
  • 30
    • 17344377056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversität, Geodiversität, Ökodiversität. Kriterien zur Analyse der Landschaftsstruktur - Ein konzeptioneller Diskussionsbeitrag
    • Jedicke, E., 2001. Biodiversität, Geodiversität, Ökodiversität. Kriterien zur Analyse der Landschaftsstruktur - ein konzeptioneller Diskussionsbeitrag. Naturschutz und Landschaftsplanung 33, 59-68.
    • (2001) Naturschutz und Landschaftsplanung , vol.33 , pp. 59-68
    • Jedicke, E.1
  • 31
    • 0033972121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape division, splitting index, and effective mesh size: New measures of landscape fragmentation
    • Jaeger, J.A.G., 2000. Landscape division, splitting index, and effective mesh size: new measures of landscape fragmentation. Landscape Ecol. 15, 115-130.
    • (2000) Landscape Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 115-130
    • Jaeger, J.A.G.1
  • 35
    • 0025684452 scopus 로고
    • Multiple scales of patchiness and patch structure: A hierarchical framework for the study of heterogeneity
    • Kotliar, N.B., Wiens, J.D., 1990. Multiple scales of patchiness and patch structure: a hierarchical framework for the study of heterogeneity. Oikos 59, 253-260.
    • (1990) Oikos , vol.59 , pp. 253-260
    • Kotliar, N.B.1    Wiens, J.D.2
  • 36
    • 0003167643 scopus 로고
    • Developing alternative forest cutting patterns: A simulation approach
    • Li, H., Franklin, J.F., Swanson, F.J., Spies, T.A., 1993. Developing alternative forest cutting patterns: a simulation approach. Landscape Ecol. 8, 63-75.
    • (1993) Landscape Ecol , vol.8 , pp. 63-75
    • Li, H.1    Franklin, J.F.2    Swanson, F.J.3    Spies, T.A.4
  • 37
    • 80054078303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicators of landscape fragmentation: The case for combining ecological indices and the perceptive approach
    • Llausàs, A., Nogué, J., 2012. Indicators of landscape fragmentation: the case for combining ecological indices and the perceptive approach. Ecol. Indic. 15, 85-91.
    • (2012) Ecol. Indic. , vol.15 , pp. 85-91
    • Llausàs, A.1    Nogué, J.2
  • 38
    • 0001516531 scopus 로고
    • Locating discontinuities along ecological gradients
    • Ludwig, J.A., Cornelius, J.M., 1987. Locating discontinuities along ecological gradients. Ecology 68, 448-450.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 448-450
    • Ludwig, J.A.1    Cornelius, J.M.2
  • 41
    • 84895072154 scopus 로고
    • Spatial discontinuities in a southern Italian cultural landscape: Testing a methodology
    • Griffiths, G.H. (Ed.), Landscape Ecology: Theory and Application Colin Gross Printers Ltd., Garstang, UK, ISBN 0-9524263-1-5
    • Mairota, P., Papadimitriou, F., 1995. Spatial discontinuities in a southern Italian cultural landscape: testing a methodology. In: Griffiths, G.H. (Ed.), Landscape Ecology: Theory and Application. Proceedings of the IALE(UK) Fourth Annual Conference. 19-20 September, 1995, Reading, UK. Colin Gross Printers Ltd., Garstang, UK, ISBN 0-9524263-1-5, pp. 102-109.
    • (1995) Proceedings of the IALE(UK) Fourth Annual Conference. 19-20 September, 1995, Reading, UK , pp. 102-109
    • Mairota, P.1    Papadimitriou, F.2
  • 42
    • 33644576793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gradient concept of landscape structure
    • Wiens, J., Moss, M. (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • McGarigal, K., Cushman, S.A., 2005. The gradient concept of landscape structure. In: Wiens, J., Moss, M. (Eds.), Issues and Perspectives in Landscape Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (2005) Issues and Perspectives in Landscape Ecology
    • McGarigal, K.1    Cushman, S.A.2
  • 43
    • 0038308236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer Software Program Produced by the Authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Available at the following web site: accessed on March 21, 2012
    • McGarigal, K., Cushman, S.A., Neel, M.C., Ene, E., 2002. FRAGSTATS: Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Categorical Maps. Computer Software Program Produced by the Authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Available at the following web site: http://www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/ fragstats.html (accessed on March 21, 2012).
    • (2002) FRAGSTATS: Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Categorical Maps
    • McGarigal, K.1    Cushman, S.A.2    Neel, M.C.3    Ene, E.4
  • 44
    • 0028976001 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between landscape structure and breeding birds in the Oregon Coast Range
    • McGarigal, K., McComb, W.C., 1995. Relationships between landscape structure and breeding birds in the Oregon Coast Range. Ecol. Monogr. 65, 235-260.
    • (1995) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.65 , pp. 235-260
    • McGarigal, K.1    McComb, W.C.2
  • 45
    • 0032930472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranked set sampling for ecological research: Accounting for the total costs of sampling
    • Mode, N.A., Conquest, L.C., Marker, D.A., 1999. Ranked set sampling for ecological research: accounting for the total costs of sampling. Environmetrics 10, 179-194.
    • (1999) Environmetrics , vol.10 , pp. 179-194
    • Mode, N.A.1    Conquest, L.C.2    Marker, D.A.3
  • 46
    • 78751583942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying surface gradients with a 2-band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2)
    • Mondal, P., 2011. Quantifying surface gradients with a 2-band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2). Ecol. Indic. 11, 918-924.
    • (2011) Ecol. Indic. , vol.11 , pp. 918-924
    • Mondal, P.1
  • 47
    • 0005811481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape diversity - A holistic approach
    • Barthlott, W., Winiger, M. (Eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany
    • Nagel, P., 1998. Landscape diversity - a holistic approach. In: Barthlott, W., Winiger, M. (Eds.), Biodiversity a Challenge for Development Research and Policy. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp. 129-143.
    • (1998) Biodiversity a Challenge for Development Research and Policy , pp. 129-143
    • Nagel, P.1
  • 48
    • 85030494604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing for protected area assessment: Monitoring habitat area, condition, biodiversity and threats
    • submitted for publication
    • Nagendra, H., Lucas, R.M., Honrado, J.P., Jongman, R.H.G., Mairota, P., Tarantino, C., Adamo, M., 2012. Remote sensing for protected area assessment: monitoring habitat area, condition, biodiversity and threats. Ecol. Indic., submitted for publication.
    • (2012) Ecol. Indic.
    • Nagendra, H.1    Lucas, R.M.2    Honrado, J.P.3    Jongman, R.H.G.4    Mairota, P.5    Tarantino, C.6    Adamo, M.7
  • 49
    • 0002581072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From biodiversity to ecodiversity - Holistic conservation of the biological and cultural diversity of Mediterranean landscapes
    • Montenegro, G., Jaksic, F., Rundel, P.W. (Eds.), Ecological Studies Springer, Berlin
    • Naveh, Z., 1998. From biodiversity to ecodiversity - holistic conservation of the biological and cultural diversity of Mediterranean landscapes. In: Montenegro, G., Jaksic, F., Rundel, P.W. (Eds.), Landscape Disturbance and Biodiversity in Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems, 136. Ecological Studies Springer, Berlin, pp. 23-54.
    • (1998) Landscape Disturbance and Biodiversity in Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems , vol.136 , pp. 23-54
    • Naveh, Z.1
  • 52
    • 70449113314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape metrics in quantifying spatial patterns
    • Peng, J., Yanglin, W., Yuan, Z., Jiansheng, W., Weifeng, L., You, L., 2010. Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape metrics in quantifying spatial patterns. Ecol. Indic. 10, 217-223.
    • (2010) Ecol. Indic. , vol.10 , pp. 217-223
    • Peng, J.1    Yanglin, W.2    Yuan, Z.3    Jiansheng, W.4    Weifeng, L.5    You, L.6
  • 53
    • 0013875699 scopus 로고
    • Species-diversity and pattern-diversity in the study of ecological succession
    • Pielou, E.C., 1966. Species-diversity and pattern-diversity in the study of ecological succession. J. Theor. Biol. 10, 370-383.
    • (1966) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 370-383
    • Pielou, E.C.1
  • 54
    • 70149113077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Wien, Austria, ISBN 3-900051-07-0
    • R Development Core Team, 2009. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Wien, Austria, ISBN 3-900051-07-0, URL http://www.R-project.org.
    • (2009) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
  • 55
    • 34547179862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutral model analysis of landscape patterns from mathematical morphology
    • Riitters, K.H., Vogt, P., Soille, P., Kozak, J., Estreguil, C., 2007. Neutral model analysis of landscape patterns from mathematical morphology. Landscape Ecol. 22, 1033-1044.
    • (2007) Landscape Ecol , vol.22 , pp. 1033-1044
    • Riitters, K.H.1    Vogt, P.2    Soille, P.3    Kozak, J.4    Estreguil, C.5
  • 57
    • 48149089001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An indicator of forest dynamics using a shifting landscape mosaic
    • Riitters, K.H., Wickham, J.D., Wade, T.G., 2009. An indicator of forest dynamics using a shifting landscape mosaic. Ecol. Indic. 9, 107-117.
    • (2009) Ecol. Indic. , vol.9 , pp. 107-117
    • Riitters, K.H.1    Wickham, J.D.2    Wade, T.G.3
  • 60
    • 79957563510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key structural connectors can be identified by combining landscape spatial pattern and network analysis
    • Saura, S., Vogt, P., Velasquez, J., Hernando, A., Tejera, R., 2011. Key structural connectors can be identified by combining landscape spatial pattern and network analysis. Forest Ecol. Manage. 262, 150-160.
    • (2011) Forest Ecol. Manage. , vol.262 , pp. 150-160
    • Saura, S.1    Vogt, P.2    Velasquez, J.3    Hernando, A.4    Tejera, R.5
  • 61
    • 40649103285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a core set of landscape metrics for biodiversity assessments: A case study from Dadia National Park, Greece
    • Schindler, S., Poirazidis, K., Wrbka, T., 2008. Towards a core set of landscape metrics for biodiversity assessments: a case study from Dadia National Park, Greece. Ecol. Indic. 8, 502-514.
    • (2008) Ecol. Indic. , vol.8 , pp. 502-514
    • Schindler, S.1    Poirazidis, K.2    Wrbka, T.3
  • 62
    • 58149461863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicating landscape fragmentation using L-Z complexity
    • Shuangcheng, L., Qing, C., Peng, J., Yanglin, W., 2009. Indicating landscape fragmentation using L-Z complexity. Ecol. Indic. 9, 780-790.
    • (2009) Ecol. Indic. , vol.9 , pp. 780-790
    • Shuangcheng, L.1    Qing, C.2    Peng, J.3    Yanglin, W.4
  • 63
    • 76349117456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting collinearity: Comparing methods for disentangling the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation
    • Smith, A.C., Koper, N., Francis, C.M., Fahrig, L., 2009. Confronting collinearity: comparing methods for disentangling the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. Landscape Ecol. 24, 1271-1285.
    • (2009) Landscape Ecol , vol.24 , pp. 1271-1285
    • Smith, A.C.1    Koper, N.2    Francis, C.M.3    Fahrig, L.4
  • 64
    • 84895069896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological segmentation of binary patterns
    • Soille, P., Vogt, P., 2009. Morphological segmentation of binary patterns. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 23, 687-702.
    • (2009) Pattern Recogn. Lett. , vol.23 , pp. 687-702
    • Soille, P.1    Vogt, P.2
  • 66
    • 84861442203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goodness-of-fit measures of evenness: A new tool for exploring changes in community structure
    • Studeny, A.C., Buckland, S.T., Illian, J.B., Johnston Magurran, A.E., 2011. Goodness-of-fit measures of evenness: a new tool for exploring changes in community structure. Ecosphere 2, 1-19.
    • (2011) Ecosphere , vol.2 , pp. 1-19
    • Studeny, A.C.1    Buckland, S.T.2    Illian, J.B.3    Johnston Magurran, A.E.4
  • 67
    • 34548130074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape connectivity: Back to the basics
    • Crooks, K., Sanjayan, M.A. (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • Taylor, P., Fahrig, L., With, K.A., 2006. Landscape connectivity: back to the basics. In: Crooks, K., Sanjayan, M.A. (Eds.), Connectivity Conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 29-43.
    • (2006) Connectivity Conservation , pp. 29-43
    • Taylor, P.1    Fahrig, L.2    With, K.A.3
  • 69
    • 0033859954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the usage and measurement of landscape connectivity
    • Tischendorf, L., Fahrig, L., 2000. On the usage and measurement of landscape connectivity. Oikos 90, 7-19.
    • (2000) Oikos , vol.90 , pp. 7-19
    • Tischendorf, L.1    Fahrig, L.2
  • 72
    • 0027446803 scopus 로고
    • Ecological Mechanisms and Landscape Ecology
    • Wiens, J.A., Stenseth, N.C., Van Horne, B., Ims, R.A., 1993. Ecological Mechanisms and Landscape Ecology. Oikos 66, 369-380.
    • (1993) Oikos , vol.66 , pp. 369-380
    • Wiens, J.A.1    Stenseth, N.C.2    Van Horne, B.3    Ims, R.A.4
  • 75
    • 1842483410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of changing scale on landscape pattern analysis: Scaling relations
    • Wu, J., 2004. Effects of changing scale on landscape pattern analysis: Scaling relations. Landsc. Ecol. 19, 125-138.
    • (2004) Landsc. Ecol. , vol.19 , pp. 125-138
    • Wu, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.